Proyeksi: Jurnal Psikologi
Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): October 2026

Job insecurity on turnover intention: The moderating role of millennial and generation z employees in the digital workplace

Meidina Nursadrina (Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin)
Lita Ariani (Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin)
Gladis Corinna Marsha (Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin)



Article Info

Publish Date
15 Oct 2026

Abstract

Job insecurity is a well-established psychological stressor that increases employees’ turnover intention, yet little is known about whether this relationship differs across generational cohorts as work becomes increasingly digitalized. Because Millennials and Generation Z are reported to differ in their psychological adaptability to change and technology, this study tested whether generation (Millennials vs. Generation Z) moderates the effect of job insecurity on turnover intention among 371 employees working in organizations with digital work systems. Data were collected through online and paper-based questionnaires using the Job Insecurity Scale and the Turnover Intention Scale and were analyzed using Hayes’s moderation model with a bias-corrected bootstrap procedure (10,000 resamples). Job insecurity significantly predicted turnover intention (b = 0.419; p < .001; 95% CI [0.288, 0.540]; R² = .252). The interaction between job insecurity and generation was not statistically supported, as its confidence interval crossed zero (b = −0.165; 95% CI [−0.320, 0.002]), even though the associated p-value approached the conventional threshold (p = .045). A conditional effect analysis descriptively indicated a numerically larger coefficient for Millennials (b = 0.419; p < .001) than for Generation Z (b = 0.255; p < .001); however, because the interaction term was not significant, this descriptive difference should be interpreted with caution rather than as evidence of moderation. These findings confirm job insecurity as a robust predictor of turnover intention but do not provide statistical evidence that generational characteristics moderate this relationship. Organizations are nonetheless encouraged to consider generational context when designing retention strategies for an increasingly digital workplace.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

proyeksi

Publisher

Subject

Social Sciences

Description

Proyeksi: Jurnal Psikologi adalah jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. Jurnal ini memuat hasil pemikiran dan studi empiris bidang psikologi atau bidang lain yang terkait dengan disiplin ilmu psikologi. Terbit setahun dua kali tiap April dan Oktober. ...