<![CDATA[Lowland rice farming faces production uncertainty associated with natural conditions, water availability, pest and disease attacks, and institutional support. This study aimed to determine farmers’ income and the level of production risk in lowland rice farming in Tunbaun Village, West Amarasi District, Kupang Regency. The study was conducted from July 2025 until completion, involving 68 farmers selected through simple random sampling from a population of 214 farmers. Primary data were collected through interviews using questionnaires, while secondary data were obtained from Statistics Indonesia and the village government. Farm income was analyzed by calculating total costs, total revenue, and income. Production risk was analyzed using variance, standard deviation, and the coefficient of variation (CV). The results showed that the total revenue of the 68 respondents amounted to IDR 7,444,960,000, while total costs amounted to IDR 209,290,064. The average income was IDR 106,406,910.82 per farming operation. The average production was 13,686.18 kg, with a standard deviation of 8,202.14 kg and a CV of 60%. Based on the criteria used in this study, the CV value indicated that production risk was high. The identified risk factors included climate and weather conditions, pest and disease attacks, delays in the development of agricultural facilities, and limited extension support. These findings indicate that despite the relatively high average farm income, production levels still vary considerably among farmers.]]>
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