<![CDATA[Mangrove restoration may improve ecological conditions without necessarily reducing livelihood vulnerability among coastal households. This study examines the relationship between ecological recovery and household vulnerability in Pangpang Bay, Banyuwangi, Indonesia, using the household component of the Social–Ecological System Vulnerability Index for Mangrove Ecosystems (SESVIME). The household component was applied because exposure, sensitivity, ecosystem dependence, and adaptive capacity were measured directly, whereas ecological indicators were derived from secondary monitoring with different spatial and temporal units. Structured interviews with 56 households in Muncar and Tegaldlimo were conducted from May to August 2026 and triangulated with restoration records and published ecological data. Household indicators were normalized to a 0–1 scale. A diagnostic additive vulnerability benchmark, [exposure + sensitivity + (1 − adaptive capacity)]/3, was compared with ordered self-perceived vulnerability using Spearman correlation. Mangrove extent increased from 643.35 ha in 2015 to 737.51 ha in 2023, while 76.8% of respondents perceived improving mangrove conditions. However, ecosystem dependence and income insecurity remained high. The additive benchmark averaged 0.603 and showed no association with self-perceived vulnerability (ρ = −0.016; p = 0.910). Given the small, nonrepresentative sample, these findings are exploratory and support integrating ecological restoration with livelihood, financial, informational, and institutional strengthening.]]>
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