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LAJU EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI RAWA JOMBOR DENGAN MODEL USLE DAN SDR UNTUK PENGELOLAAN DANAU BERKELANJUTAN Wibowo, Ariyanto; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Sudarno, Sudarno
Indonesian Journal of Conservation Vol 4, No 1 (2015): IJC
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Conservation

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Abstract

Rawa Jombor which located in Klaten have 3 (three) watershed as channels of water in the swamp. These watersheds are Kali Danguran Bajing Watersheds, Kali Gebyok Watersheds and Kali Jayan Watersheds. The existence of the three watersheds that passes through residential areas and agriculture in the suspect may cause sedimentation and increased fertility in Rawa Jombor. To predict rate of sedimentation on each watershed in the Rawa Jombor needed a soil erosion prediction and sedimentation models. One of model that often used is the USLE model. This research aim is to determine decrease of the function of the environment in Rawa Jombor measured from erosion and sedimentation parameters and their impact on Rawa Jombor. This research uses the USLE models to predict soil erosion and Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) model to  predict sediment results with the help of software ArcGIS 10.1. The results of both models obtained value erosion in the Kali Danguran Bajing watershed of 15892.39 tonnes / year, Kali Gebyok watershed of 8972.29 tons / year, and Kali Jayan watershed of 5142.95 tonnes/year. Estimation of sediment in the watershed Danguran Bajing is at 3996.94 tons / year, the watershed Gebyok of 2621.70 tons / year, while the Jayan at 1812.37 tons / year. Rawa Jombor terletak di Kabupaten Klaten memiliki 3 (tiga) DAS sebagai saluran masuknya air pada rawa. Ketiga DAS tersebut adalah DAS Kali Danguran Bajing, DAS Kali Gebyok, dan DAS Kali Jayan. Ketiga DAS tersebut melewati daerah permukiman dan pertanian di duga dapat menyebabkan sedimentasi dan peningkatan kesuburan pada Rawa Jombor. Untuk memprediksi laju sedimentasi pada tiap – tiap DAS di Rawa Jombor diperlukan suatu model pemrediksi erosi tanah dan model sedimentasi. Salah satu model yang sering digunakan adalah model USLE. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penurunan nilai fungsi lingkungan Daerah Aliran Sungai di Rawa Jombor diukur dari parameter erosi dan sedimentasi dan dampaknya terhadap Rawa Jombor. Penelitian ini menggunakan model USLE untuk prediksi erosi tanah dan model Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR) untuk prediksi hasil sedimen dengan menggunakan bantuan software ArcGIS 10.1. Hasil dari kedua model tersebut didapatkan nilai erosi pada DAS Kali Danguran Bajing sebesar 15.892,39 ton/tahun, DAS Kali Gebyok sebesar 8972,29 ton/tahun, dan DAS Kali Jayan sebesar 5142,95 ton/tahun. Perkiraan hasil sedimen pada DAS Danguran Bajing adalah sebesar 3.996,94 ton/tahun, pada DAS Gebyok sebesar 2.621,70 ton/tahun, sedangkan DAS Jayan sebesar  1.812,37 ton/tahun. 
Potensi Ekowisata Danau di Kawasan Kamipang Kalimantan Tengah -, Decenly; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Muhammad, Fuad
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3104

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengakaji potensi ekowisata di Kawasan Kamipang. Penelitian dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu pra survei, survei dan analisis laboratorium. Pra survei dilakukan untuk menentukan 3 (tiga) stasiun pengukuran kualitas air dan 3 (tiga) posisi transek untuk analisis vegetasi. Survei meliputi pengukuran kualitas air danau, inventarisasi keanekaragaman ikan, analisis vegetasi, serta presepsi masyarakat lokal, pengunjung dan stakeholder. Analisis laboratorium yang meliputi identifikasi ikan dan tumbuhan. Potensi aspek abiotik dan sosial akan diuraikan secara deskriptif dan potensi aspek biologi dianalisis dengan pendekatan Indeks keanekaragaman ikan dan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) untuk vegetasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa potensi abiotik yaitu berupa danau-danau alami dengan kondisi hidrologi yang cukup baik (nilai BOD berkisar antara 2-4 mg/L dengan kekeruhan kurang dari 25 NTU) dan iklim tropis dengan tanah yang subur, sedangkan potensi biologi yaitu berupa keanekaragaman ikan dan tumbuh-tumbuhan di sekitar danau ditambah dengan keberadaan ikan dan tumbuhan yang termasuk dalam The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 dengan kategori Least Concern yaitu Ikan Peang (Channa maurilius), Balida (Notopterus chitala) dan Tumbuhan Kantong Semar (Nepenthes gracilis). Adapun potensi sosial berupa keunikan budaya dan kesenian tradisional.The study was aimed to evaluate the potential of ecotourism in Kamipang Region. The study was conducted through several stages of pre-survey, survey, and laboratory analysis. The pre-survey was conducted to determine three (3) water quality monitoring stations and three (3) transect positions for vegetation analysis. The survey included the measurement of lake water quality, the inventory of fish biodiversity, the vegetation analysis, and the perception of the local community, visitors and stakeholders. Laboratory analysis included the identification of fishes and plants. The potential of abiotic and social aspects were outlined descriptively and the potential biological aspects were analyzed using fish biodiversity index and vegetation important value index. The study showed the potential of abiotic aspects i.e. natural lakes with relatively good hydrological conditions (BOD value ranged between 2-4 mg/L and turbidity was less than 25 NTU) and tropical climate with fertile soil, whereas the biological potential comprised the diversity of fishes and vegetation around the lake along with the presence of fishes and plants that have been listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 from the category of Least Concerned, i.e. Peang fish (Channa Maurilius), Balida (Notopterus Chitala) and Kantong Semar (pitcher) plants (Nepenthes Gracilis). The social potential was the uniqueness culture and the traditional arts.
Peta Batimetri Danau Rawapening Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14, No. 2, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2033.651 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.14.2.78-84

Abstract

Lake has an important function as source of water;  maintain biodiversity; source of protein; manage toxicity; device to reduce river flooding; source  of groundwater; device climate; transportation and touris;  medium; and for cultural and religion activities. Semi natural lake of Rawapening has function for hydroelectricity power, irrigation for agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. For maintaning those functions, lake batimetric map is required for limnological study as well as for basic informasi for development lake management. However, there is no batimetric map of Rawapening Lake after1976  lake’s sketch by Goltenboth. Therefore, this survey was conducted in order to update batimetric map of Rawapening. On August 16th, 2008, echosounding was donecfross section and lake edge every 30 second. Recorded data on the GPS then interpolated to the lake depth form in every dot of echosounding.The deepest part of Rawapening Lake was 18 metres, around Bukit Cinta spring. Comparing to Goltenboth sketch, the Rawapening Lake depth was not quite change. North West part of the lake remain has 2-4.7 metres depth. However, based on sedimentation rate, the shallowness lake was very sharply, and predicted that in 2021 Rawapening Lake will full of sediment. Maintaning lake depth is a must to maintain lake’s function.   Key words: batimetri, Danau Rawapening, limnologi
Analisis Vegetasi Pada Habitat Gajah Sumatera Di Suaka Margasatwa Padang Sugihan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Mahanani, Agnes Indra; Hendrarto, Ign Budi; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 15, No.1, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.15.1.1-5

Abstract

Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve covering 86,932 hectares is the natural habitat of elephants in South Sumatra, both wild and managed elephants at Elephant Training Center, Sub Padang Sugihan. This area was used to be production forest. To support life of wild elephants, the vegetation quantity and diversity of vegetation types of feed must be known. This study aimed to analyze the vegetation feed elephants in Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve. The method used sampling plots with a size of 1m x 1m and 5m x 5m in five study sites. Data were analyzed using analysis of vegetation to get the importance value index. Species diversity was calculated using the Shannon Wienner Index formula. It was also calculated the value of uniformity of plant based on Simpson formula. The results of importance value index showed that location I was dominated by Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link (76.55%), location II Panicum astagninum R (132.48%), location III  Panicum repens L (107.14%), location IV Axonopus caompressus ( 79.48%), location of V Panicum repens L and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (21.28%), location VI Melaleuca cajuputi (80.77%), and location VII Melaleuca cajuputi (84.08%). The value of the highest species diversity in the location of V at 2.53. The lowest value was in location II at 0.66. The highest uniformity index was 0.92. While the lowest value was 0.37 in the location II. Based on the above results it is necessary to enrich the vegetation species of elephant grass and natural food, especially at locations II and III.   Keyword: Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve, vegetation analysis, Elephas maximus sumateranus Temminck  
Ekohidrologi Konsep Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 12, No. 1, Tahun 2010
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (133.53 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.12.1.13-19

Abstract

Ecohydrology is the study on the interaction hydrological process or aquatic with biological dynamicspatially and temporarily. Ecohydrology promises to be a tool of the sustainable use of aquatic resources byecological analysis integrated with freshwater aquatic conservation. Methodologically, ecohydrology is amanagement tool using organism to control hydrological process and using hydrology to control biota. Basically,ecohydrology is water resource development that oriented on the capacity and ability to maintain it. Spatially, itrequires an understanding about the role of organism. Temporarily, it requires reconstruction on thepaleohydrology as a base of the water resource development that put global changes into account. Based on thesuccessful implementation of ecohydrological concept on Saguling Reservoir, it able to be implemented for anotheraquatic ecosystem.
Komposisi, Kemelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Fitoplankton Danau Rawa Pening Kabupaten Semarang Samudra, Sesilia Rani; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Izzati, Munifatul
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 15, No.1, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (107.106 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.15.1.6-13

Abstract

Rawa Pening is a semi natural lake which is utilized for hydro-electric power plant,  caged fish culture, irrigation, and tourism. It belongs to one of the fifteen lakes which receives national priority to be saved and preserved because of its very poor condition as a result of eutrophication, sedimentation and degraded water quality. Eutrophication of  Rawa  Pening comes from the Water Catchment Area,  originating from farms, animal husbandry, domestic and industrial waste around the lake, and also from the water body itself, that is from caged fish culture. The fertility criteria of the lake water can be determined on the basis of the abundance and variety of phytoplankton and the total phosphorus content. The aim of this research is to find out the water fertility criteria of Lake Rawa Pening based on the abundance and variety of  phytoplankton, and the phosphorus content. Research began in July 2012 on three stations. Station I is an area with fishcage culture;  Station II is an area without fishcage culture, and Station III is the river inlet or water catchment area. Each station consisted of three different sampling areas. The phytoplankton abundance at the station without  fishcage culture is higher  (19012 ind/l) than at the fishcage culture station (14356 ind/l)  as well as at the inlet station (11058 ind/l), but the diversity index at the no fishcage station is lowest (1.80)  compared to the fishcage culture station (2.32)  and the inlet station (2.05). The fertility criteria of Rawa Pening based on the phytoplankton abundance and P-total  of  its water is eutrophic  going  towards  hypereutrophic.   Keywords : Lake Rawa Pening, Phosphorus, Water Quality, Euthropication
Komunitas Diatom Epilitik pada Aliran Air Sekitar Sumber Air Panas dan Sumber Gas Belerang Kawasan Gedongsongo, Kabupaten Semarang Putra, Dhony F; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Wiryani, Erry
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14, No.1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (35.847 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.14.1.33-36

Abstract

Temperatur dan gas belerang di aliran air sekitar sumber air panas dan gas belerang kawasan Gedongsongo Kabupaten Semarang, diduga mempengaruhi struktur komunitas diatom epilitik. Proses keluarnya gas belerang adalah melalui celah celah bebatuan sehingga belerang akan menempel pada bebatuan yang merupakan substrat dari diatom epilitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji struktur komunitas diatom epilitik pada aliran air disekitar sumber belerang kawasan Gedongsongo. Pengambilan sample dilakukan dengan metoda “ Stratified Random Sampling “ berdasarkan temperatur, ditentukan empat titik sampling. Faktor fisik kimia diukur secara insitu kecuali analisis kandungan sulfat terlarut dalam air . Berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman diatom epilitik maka stabilitas komunitas diatom pada aliran air sekitar air panas dan sumber gas belerang adalah sedang, indeks dominansi kecil dan indeks perataan hampir merata.   Kata Kunci : Struktur Komunitas, diatom epilitik, air panas dan belerang.
Kemampuan Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano dalam Menurunkan Kadar Logam Berat Tembaga (Cu) pada Limbah Tekstil Fitriyanto, Eko Bambang; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Hariyati, Riche
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (49.004 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.18.2.102-106

Abstract

Textile industries produce waste as one of the industrial product processing. One of pollutants in liquid waste is heavy metal ion. The heavy metals which were found in textile waste is Copper. Copper is one of the metals which are needed in trace element and essentially for the organism. But if its amounts were high, the function will change as a toxin in the body. Physical and chemical remediation method need expensive price but it is not effective. Another alternative method that can be used is bioremediation with micro algae, called phycoremediation. One of micro algae that was used for phycoremediation agent is Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano is easy to be cultured. The objective of this research is to study the growth of the population and the percentageof Cu reduction after inoculation using C. calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano.Chaetoceros calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano was cultivated in textile waste in seven days wereobserved the population and the percentage of Cu reduction. The environment factors such as salinity, pH, light intensity should be kept for their stability. During seven days,C. calcitrans (Paulsen) Takano able decreased 20% of Cu concentration ( from 0.595 mg/l to 0.478 mg/l ) in seven days and the number of cells 2,8 × 106 cell/ml. Keywords: Chaetoceros calcitrans, heavy metal, phycoremediation, copper
Spirulina platensis Geitler sebagai Fikoremediator Logam Berat Pb Skala Laboratorium Prambodo, Muhammad Sindhunata; Hariyati, Riche; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (65.331 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.18.2.64-69

Abstract

Industrial waste contributes the heavy metals pollution in the environment, especially in the water. One of the heavy metals that pollute the environment is lead (Pb). Lead is a substance that is harmful to organisms, especially humans, both adults and children. Solutions to tackle Pb pollution isby remediation process. Physical and chemical remediation methods usually costly and ineffective. One of the alternative methods which is used is the bioremediation uses microalgae or called as phycoremediation. One of microalgae which is used as agents of  phycoremediation is Spirulina platensis Geitler because it’s easily cultured and it’s abundant in nature. This study aims to assess the population growth and the percentage reduction of Pb after inoculated with the use of Spirulina platensis Geitler. The method which is to cultivate S. platensis Geitler in brackish watermedia with a salinity of 15 ppt which have been added Pb with a concentration of 1 mg, 3 mg, and 5 mg for 8 days and observed the population and the percentage reduction of Pb heavy metals. Environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, pH, light intensity are conditioned to remain stable. After 8 days of research, study was able to reduce Pb. Each treatment has different concentrations decrease. Treatment Pb 1 mg of 0.949 into 0.603 mg / L; Pb 3 mg of 2.894 to 2.46 mg / L; and Pb 5 mg of 4.88 to 4.31 mg / L, with each percentage decline of 36%, 15% and 12%. The Pb 3 mg treatment has higher cell population (129.367 cell / ml) than control (106.600 cell/ml) while 1 mg and 5 mg treatment has 93.700 cell / ml and 93.500 cell / ml. Keywords: Spirulina platensis, phycoremediation, waste, lead.
Potensi Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck Dalam Remediasi Logam Berat Cd Dan Pb Skala Laboratorium. Purnamawat, Florensia Setyaningsih; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Izzati, Munifatul
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 16, No.2, Tahun 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (190.676 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.16.2.102-113

Abstract

Salah satu dampak negatif modernisasi dan industrialisasi adalah pencemaran lingkungan. Perairan merupakan salah satu lingkungan yang paling terbebani bahan pencemar karena banyaknya limbah rumah tangga maupun industri yang akhirnya masuk ke lingkungan perairan. Salah satu bahan pencemar perairan yang paling membahayakan adalah logam berat karena bersifat non-biodegradable. Oleh karena itu perlu upaya penanganan maupun pencegahan terhadap bahan pencemar tersebut. Pengolahan limbah secara fisiko-kimiawi dinilai mahal, menurunkan biodiversitas, banyak lumpur yang dihasilkan, dan kurang efektif pada konsentrasi logam di bawah 50 mg/l. Bioremediasi merupakan salah satu metode perbaikan lingkungan yang lebih ramah lingkungan karena menggunakan agen hayati seperti bakteri, jamur, protista, dan tanaman. Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck merupakan mikroalga bersel satu yang banyak tumbuh di perairan tawar dan laut, telah dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai bahan pakan, suplemen, biofuel dan bioremediasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi C. vulgaris sebagai agen bioremediasi terhadap cemaran logam berat Cd dan Pb skala laboratorium. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). C. vulgaris ditumbuhkan dalam media kultur yang telah diberi pupuk Walne selama 76 hari. Media kultur ditambah ion logam Cd dan Pb dengan 3 konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu  1 ppm, 3 ppm, dan 5 ppm, masing-masing 3 kali ulangan. Medium kultur tanpa penambahan logam dianggap sebagai kontrol. Kandungan logam berat dalam medium dan dalam sel C. vulgaris diukur dengan AAS. Hal yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah pola pertumbuhan populasi C. vulgaris, persentase penurunan logam Cd dan Pb oleh C. vulgaris, besarnya akumulasi logam dalam C. vulgaris, serta nilai Bioconcentration Factor (BCF). Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut terbukti bahwa C. vulgaris terbukti mampu menurunkan konsentrasi ion Cd dan Pb dalam perairan. Prosentase penurunan konsentrasi ion Pb dalam media kontrol, 1 ppm, 3 ppm, dan 5 ppm berturut-turut  70%, 80%, 62%, dan 52% sedangkan dalam media Cd pada konsentrasi serupa berturut-turut 67%, 79%, 56%, dan 51%. C.  vulgaris mampu mengakumulasi  Cd lebih besar daripada Pb. Berdasarkan nilai BCF  terhadap  Cd maupun Pb, C. vulgaris tergolong akumulator logam.   Kata kunci : logam berat, bioremediasi, Chlorella vulgaris,  bioakumulasi.
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Agnes Indra Mahanani, Agnes Indra Agusta Rakhmat Taufani Ahmad Yusuf Afandi Ahmad, Halim Andin Vita Amalia, Andin Vita Anny Miftakhul Hidayah, Anny Miftakhul Arief Rachman Ariyanto Wibowo, Ariyanto Ayu Ambar Alina B Budiyono Barber, Paul Hendry Bayu Surarso Boedi Hendarto Budiyanto Toha Budiyono Budiyono Budiyono Budiyono Catur Edi Widodo Che Pee, Ahmad Naim Decenly - Dewi Arianti Wulandari Dewi Arianti Wulandari Dhony F Putra, Dhony F Dinar Mutiara Kusumo Nugraheni Dwiana, Islita Alis Dyah Ayu Kumalasari Edwin Nurimansyah Erry Wiryani Esa Prakasa Faiq Rahman, Faiq Fitriyanto, Eko Bambang Florensia Setyaningsih Purnamawat, Florensia Setyaningsih Fuad Muhammad Fuad Muhammad Haris, Amnan Hartuti Purnaweni Hendarko Soegondo Hendarko Sugondo Hendro Christi Suhry Hendro Christi Suhry Heriyanti, Andhina Putri Hermawan Setiyo Budi Hartanto Ign Budi Hendrarto, Ign Budi IIS SHOLIKHATI Imam Tahyudin Indro Sumantri Irfan Santiko Jafron Wasiq Hidayat Jumari Jumari Jumari Jumari, Jumari Kaban, Markus Karyadi Baskoro Kenanga Sari Kenanga Sari Kholifah, Rizqi Widya Nur Kristanti, Alberta Widya Kusworo Adi M Murningsih Marcelinus Christwardana Maryono Maryono Meinita, Maria Dyah Nur Muhammad Helmi Muhammad Sindhunata Prambodo, Muhammad Sindhunata Munifatul Izzati Nanik Heru Suprapti Ni Kadek Dita Cahyani, Ni Kadek Dita Nugraheni, Dinar Mutiara K Nurfitri Astuti Nurfitri Astuti Nurfitri Astuti Ovide Decroly Wisnu Ardhi Peter Gell Pireno, Purwanto Adi Poniman Poniman Prasetyo, Syarif Purnomo Putro, Sapto Purwanto Purwanto Rahim, Aulia Riche Hariyati Rifa’atunnisa, Rifa’atunnisa Rizki Nor Amelia Rully Rahadian S. Djalal Tandjung Sapto P Putro Sebong, Perigrinus Hermin Sesilia Rani Samudra Siti Mudhakiroh Sri Ariyati Sri W.A. Suedy Sri Widodo Agung Suedy Sudarno Sudarno Sutikno Sutikno Sutrisno Anggoro SUWARNO HADISUSANTO Tri Hastutiningsih Tyas Rini Saraswati Wandy Wandy Widjonarko . Wildan Suyuti Mustofa Marthana Zainal Arifin Hasibuan Zega, Enita Setiawati