<![CDATA[Indonesia and Turkey have confronted armed organizations for decades, yet their trajectories diverge: Jamaah Islamiyah (JI) announced its dissolution in June 2024, whereas the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) announced its disbandment in May 2025 within a peace process that remains legally and politically unfinished. This study explains how differences in state capacity shaped these two paths of organizational demise and assesses how far each amounts to a durable end of armed mobilization. It adopts a qualitative comparative case-study design that triangulates official legal and policy documents, public statements and organizational declarations, published insider accounts, and peer-reviewed and policy literature. State capacity is operationalized in four dimensions (coercive, legal-institutional, informational-financial, and legitimacy-reintegrative), and demise is classified on four levels (declaratory, organizational-military, ideological, and social-network). The findings show that Indonesia combined police-centred coercion, a consolidated legal and financial-intelligence architecture, and reintegration channels in an environment without political sponsors or territorial sanctuary for JI, producing a collectively declared dissolution that has reached the declaratory and organizational levels and, partially, the ideological level. Turkey’s superior coercive capacity weakened the PKK militarily but did not end it, because the group’s durability rested on ethnic grievance and cross-border sanctuary; its demise therefore depends on a political settlement whose legal framework and verification remain incomplete. Ratings follow an explicit indicator-based rubric, and the findings are read as patterns consistent with, not proof of, a causal role for state capacity, given rival explanations such as organizational agency and regional realignment. The study concludes that coercive capacity alone is insufficient, and contributes a transferable framework for assessing the depth, not merely the occurrence, of organizational demise.]]>
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