<![CDATA[Background: Risky sexual behavior among adolescents may be influenced by cognitive, social, and contextual factors. This study examined associations of reproductive health knowledge, peer role, and sociodemographic factors with risky sexual behavior among tenth-grade vocational students in Semarang, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 84 tenth-grade students selected by proportional random sampling from 522 students. Reproductive health knowledge, peer role, sociodemographic characteristics, and risky sexual behavior were assessed using instruments adapted from previously validated Indonesian questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Spearman rank correlation, Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests, and binary logistic regression with adjusted odds ratios (ORs). Results: Among 84 respondents, 71.4% had good reproductive health knowledge and 82.1% reported non-risky sexual behavior. Knowledge (r = 0.118, p = 0.285) and peer role (r = 0.137, p = 0.215) were not significantly associated with risky sexual behavior. No significant associations were detected for the examined sociodemographic factors. Current dating status showed the largest adjusted association (OR = 0.22, 95% CI 0.04–1.08, p = 0.062), while the overall logistic regression model was not significant (p = 0.325; McFadden pseudo R² = 0.088). Knowledge and peer-role scores were negatively correlated (r = −0.261, p = 0.017). Conclusion: This study did not demonstrate statistically significant associations between reproductive health knowledge, peer role, or the examined sociodemographic factors and risky sexual behavior in this sample. Current dating status remained statistically inconclusive. Larger, adequately powered, multi-site studies are needed to determine whether these factors are associated with risky sexual behavior and to examine behavioral, family, relationship, and contextual factors.]]>
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