International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology
Vol 6, No 1 (2026)

Legacy-to-Cloud Data Migration in Retail: Engineering the Enterprise Data Lake Transition for Omnichannel Analytics

Saikrishna Ala (Independent Researcher)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jan 2026

Abstract

National specialty retailers often operate fragmented data infrastructures spanning enterprise resource planning, point-of-sale, inventory, e-commerce, and loyalty systems, creating challenges in integrating legacy data environments with scalable cloud-based analytics. This article develops an engineering framework for migrating legacy data warehouse environments to centralized, cloud-capable data lakes while supporting the operational requirements of omnichannel retail. The framework addresses five interdependent engineering challenges: heterogeneous, multi-source data ingestion; Hive-based table design for mixed analytical workloads; dual-load processing for historical migration and incremental updates; data quality management across disparate sources; and elastic infrastructure sizing for seasonal demand variability. The framework is developed from practical engagement with retail and enterprise data lake implementations, including a multi-month data warehouse-to-data-lake migration conducted for a national specialty retailer. The resulting architecture organizes historical migration, continuous ingestion, data validation, storage design, and infrastructure scaling within an integrated engineering workflow. The analysis indicates that heterogeneous ingestion requires standardized data interfaces and source-specific handling, while dual-load processing must coordinate historical backfill with ongoing incremental updates to maintain data continuity. Data quality controls are incorporated throughout ingestion and transformation to improve consistency across heterogeneous sources, while elastic infrastructure sizing enables workload capacity to adapt to changing retail demand. The framework consequently provides a structured data foundation that supports customer personalization, demand forecasting, supply chain optimization, and omnichannel fulfillment without requiring separate application-specific data infrastructures. The work concludes that successful legacy-to-cloud migration in specialty retail depends on treating ingestion, storage, processing, validation, and infrastructure scaling as interconnected engineering components. The framework, therefore, offers a practical reference for data engineering practitioners and architects undertaking comparable modernization initiatives in complex retail environments

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