<![CDATA[This article aims to identify, describe, and analyze four types of qualitative research approaches along with their characteristics and implementation procedures, specifically in the context of Islamic Religious Education. The method used is a literature study by reviewing various relevant sources on qualitative research methodology. The results of the study show that there are four main approaches in qualitative research, namely ethnography, grounded theory, case studies, and phenomenology. Ethnography focuses on understanding group culture through long-term participant observation. Grounded theory aims to develop substantive theories rooted in empirical data through multi-level analysis. Case studies conduct in-depth investigations of a case in a real-life context with data triangulation. Phenomenology seeks to capture the essence of human experience of a particular phenomenon. Each approach has different characteristics, advantages, and procedures, so the selection of the appropriate approach depends heavily on the research questions, research objectives, and characteristics of the phenomenon being studied. This article also discusses the application of these four approaches in Islamic Religious Education research, including studies on pesantren culture, religious learning processes, Islamic education programs, and the experience of religiosity. A comprehensive understanding of these four approaches is important for researchers to produce valid, credible, and meaningful qualitative research in the field of Islamic Religious Education.]]>
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