International Journal of Social Service and Research
Vol. 6 No. 10 (2026): International Journal of Social Service and Research

Women Politicians on Instagram and Facebook: Feminist Advocacy, Engagement, and Online Harassment in Indonesia

Eny Nur Wahyuni (Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)
Wahyudi Winarjo (Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)
Asep Nurjaman (Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)
Sulismadi Sulismadi (Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)
Bambang Tri Sasongko Adi (Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)



Article Info

Publish Date
14 Oct 2026

Abstract

This study examines how social media engagement, feminist advocacy, and online harassment intersect in the public communication of Indonesian women politicians on Instagram and Facebook. It aims to assess how thematic content, interaction strategies, and the manuscript's ideological classification of politicians are associated with audience engagement and sentiment. A mixed-methods design was applied to a purposively selected sample of 20 women politicians using publicly available posts, comments, and engagement metrics collected over a six-month period. Qualitative thematic and discourse analyses were combined with sentiment analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. The manuscript should specify the six-month observation period and report the total numbers of posts and comments analyzed. Feminist advocacy content showed the highest reported average engagement, while content related to women's political representation generated the largest number of comments. Descriptive comparisons indicated higher engagement among politicians classified as progressive than among those classified as more conservative. Sentiment scores were positively correlated with likes (r = 0.83) and comments (r = 0.87). The reported correlation between likes and comments was r = 1.00, which warrants statistical verification in the full analysis. Younger and more interactive politicians were also more exposed to hostile responses; however, the public-content dataset does not support causal conclusions regarding self-censorship. The study contributes an integrated perspective on audience engagement, sentiment, ideological framing, and gendered online harassment within Indonesia's digital political context.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ijssr

Publisher

Subject

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

Description

International Journal of Social Service and Research is a double-blind, peer-reviewed academic journal with open access to social and scientific fields. The journal is published monthly by Ridwan Institute. International Journal of Social Service and Research provides a means for sustained ...