<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze SARA-based horizontal conflicts from a national defense perspective and examine their potential as a strategic indicator in the early detection system of non-military threats. The research uses a qualitative approach with the library research method through the analysis of scientific literature, policy documents, and laws and regulations related to social conflicts, national security, and national defense. The results of the study show that SARA-based horizontal conflicts can be understood as non-military threats because they have the potential to undermine social cohesion, weaken state legitimacy, and disrupt national stability. In addition, identity-based conflicts have a developmental pattern that allows the emergence of early indicators such as social polarization, intolerance, and identity-based group mobilization. These findings are expected to enrich defense studies and support the strengthening of conflict prevention policies in order to maintain national security.]]>
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