Ceddi Journal of Education
Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): June

Augmented Reality and NavMesh-Based Indoor Navigation for Book Retrieval in a School Library

Akbar Iskandar (Universitas Teknologi Akba Makassar)
Saltanat Meiramova (AK Kussayinov Eurasian Humanities Institute)
Richard K. Lomotey (Pennsylvania State University)
Riska Kherani (Universitas Teknologi Akba Makassar)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Jun 2026

Abstract

Unfamiliar shelf locations can delay students’ access to learning resources in school libraries. This study developed and evaluated an Android application that integrates augmented reality (AR) visualization and NavMesh pathfinding to help students retrieve books in a vocational school library. Development followed the Multimedia Development Life Cycle. Thirty students completed a conventional search followed by an application-assisted search for the same book. Evaluation included black-box testing, the System Usability Scale, and paired comparisons of search time. All five documented functional tests passed. Mean search time was 98.40 seconds in the conventional condition and 43.27 seconds in the application-assisted condition, yielding a mean paired difference of 55.13 seconds. The paired-samples t-test indicated a difference between conditions, t(29) = 18.72, p < .001, with Cohen’s d_z= 3.42. However, the fixed sequence and repeated target may have allowed prior knowledge of the destination to contribute to the difference. The study provides preliminary evidence that navigation assistance can serve as an educational support service. Its contribution concerns access to physical learning resources; it did not assess effects on learning achievement and literacy.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

cje

Publisher

Subject

Education Mathematics Other

Description

Ceddi Journal of Education is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles through fair and transparent quality control. We understand that authors need facilities for their papers, whereas readers expect reliable information from these journals. Therefore, our editorial team and reviewers strive ...