Separation of Pb(II) Ion with Tetraacetic Acid Derivative of Calix[4]arene by Using Droplet-based Microreactor System

Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan (Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1-Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan)
Mizuki Ryu (Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1-Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan)
Ramachandra Rao Sathuluri (Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1-Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan)
Wataru Iwasaki (Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 807-1 Shuku, Tosu, Saga 841-0052, Japan)
Shintaro Morisada (Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1-Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan)
Hidetaka Kawakita (Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1-Honjo, Saga 840-8502, Japan)
Keisuke Ohto (Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University)
Masatoshi Maeki (Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan)
Masaya Miyazaki (Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 807-1 Shuku, Tosu, Saga 841-0052, Japan)
Jumina Jumina (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia)

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Vol 19, No 2 (2019)

In this study, the microreactor system was investigated and compared with the batch-wise system as rapid and effective extractive Pb(II) separation over Fe(III), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with tetraacetic acid calix[4]arene. By using a microreactor system, the Pb(II) extraction percentages reached the maximum of 73, 89 and 100% in 8 sec residence time at equilibrium pH of 2.00, 2.25 and 2.50, respectively. The stripping percentage was 92% at 8 sec residence time by using a microreactor system with 2.0 M HNO3 as a stripping reagent. Complete separation of Pb(II) over Fe(III), Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions with the tetraacetic acid calix[4]arene in a competitive metal system was achieved at pH 2.00. However, the batch system required 24 h to reach the equilibrium for both extraction and stripping processes. The results suggested that the microreactor system enhanced the Pb(II) extraction and stripping rate up to 104 times faster than the batch-wise system.