Time-kill assay of pomegranate (Punica granatum L) seed ethanolic extract against streptococcus sanguis; the cause of recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Riani Setiadhi (Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia)
Irna Sufiawati (Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia)
Dewi Zakiawati (Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia)
Dani R. Firman (Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia)

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science
Vol. 3 No. 3 (2018): (Available online: 1 December 2018)

Objective: To examine the antimicrobial activity of pomegranate seed using a time-kill-assay by measuring the number of bacteria left at a various time points after exposure to the substance.Material and Methods: Pomegranate seeds were extracted by a maceration method using 70% ethanol as the solvent. The extract was evaluated for minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration against streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10556, using a microdilution method. The concentration used in time-kill-assay were 2 to 4 times MBC value and 48 hours incubation time as the initial value. Correlation of the concentration and time duration using semi-log graph, i.e. the x-axis as time duration with variation interval of 30, 60 and 90-seconds.  Y-axis is the logarithmic value of the bacterial colonies number.Results: Bacteriostatic effect was observed at 4000 ppm concentration at 30, 60 and 90-seconds time intervals. The bactericidal effect was observed at 8000 ppm of concentration at the 90-second time interval, whereas 30 and 60-seconds remained bacteriostatic.Conclusion: The pomegranate seeds ethanolic extract is considered as antibacterial with a concentration-dependent category.