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INDONESIA
Universa Medicina
Published by Universitas Trisakti
ISSN : 19073062     EISSN : 24072230     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Universa Medicina (univ.med) is a four-monthly medical journal that publishes new research findings on a wide variety of topics of importance to biomedical science and clinical practice. Universa Medicina Online contains both the current issue and an online archive that can be accessed through browsing, advanced searching, or collections by disease or topic
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Articles 9 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)" : 9 Documents clear
Extract of mangosteen increases high density lipoprotein levels in rats fed high lipid Dwi Laksono Adiputro; M. Aris Widodo; Rochmad Romdoni; Djanggan Sargowo
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.37 - 43

Abstract

BACKGROUND In cardiovascular medicine, Garcinia mangostana has been used as an antioxidant to inhibit oxidation of low density lipoproteins and as an antiobesity agent. The effect of Garcinia mangostana on hyperlipidemia is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp on lipid profile in rats fed a high lipid diet. METHODS A total of 40 rats were divided into five groups control, high lipid diet, and high lipid diet + ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp at dosages of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight. The control group received a standard diet for 60 days. The high lipid diet group received standard diet plus egg yolk, goat fat, cholic acid, and pig fat for 60 days with or without ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp by the oral route. After 60 days, rats were anesthesized with ether for collection of blood by cardiac puncture. Analysis of blood lipid profile comprised colorimetric determination of cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). RESULTS From the results of one-way ANOVA it was concluded that there were significant between-group differences in cholesterol, trygliceride, LDL, and HDL levels (p=0.000). Ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp significantly decreased cholesterol, trygliceride, and LDL levels, starting at 400 mg/kg body weight (p=0.000). Ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp significantly increased HDL level starting at 200 mg/kg body weight (p=0.000). CONCLUSION Ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana pericarp has a beneficial effect on lipid profile in rats on a high lipid diet.
Does aspirin have a role in preventing unprovoked recurrent thromboembolism? Yenny Yenny
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.1-2

Abstract

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a frequently recurring and serious complication after cessation of anticoagulant therapy. Several studies indicate that 10 years after cessation of anticoagulant therapy the risk of recurrent VTE is 39.9% and nearly 50% for unprovoked VTE.
Trans fatty acids increase nitric oxide levels and pancreatic beta-cell necrosis in rats Kusmiyati Tjahjono DK; Santoso Santoso; Dwi Ngestiningsih
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.51 - 59

Abstract

BACKGROUND The prevalence of diabetes in Indonesia is increasing due to various factors, including life style changes such as trans fatty acid (TFA) intake. High TFA intake is known to be related to blood lipid profile changes resulting in cardiovascular disorders. This study was to identify the effect of TFA on nitric oxide (NO) production and on necrosis of pancreatic beta cells. METHODS A study of randomized pre-test post–test design with control group. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups, i.e. group K (control), group P1 receiving a diet with 5% TFA, and P2 receiving 10% TFA. The intervention was performed for 8 weeks. NO level and pancreatic beta-cell necrosis were analyzed using Pearson’s chi square test. RESULTS After 4 weeks of treatment there was no change in NO levels in group K, but increased NO in P2 (2.6-3.8 ìM). At 8 weeks after treatment, NO levels in groups P1 and P2 increased to 2.6-3.4 ìM and 4.2-14.3 ìM, respectively, while in group K only 2 rats had increased NO levels of 2.8-2.9 ìM. With Pearson’s chi-square test, there was a signifant difference in the proportions of necrotic pancreatic beta cells after 4 weeks and 8 weeks (p= 0.000). No necrosis of beta cells was found in group K, mild necrosis in group P1 (1-25%) and moderate necrosis in group P2 (26-50%). CONCLUSION TFA consumption significantly increases NO levels in Sprague Dawley rats and also results in moderate grades of necrosis of pancreatic beta cells
Culture-and nonculture-based antibiotics for complicated soft tissue infections are comparable Ronald Irwanto; Suhendro Suhendro; Khie Chen; Murdani Abdullah
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.20 - 28

Abstract

BACKGROUNDData collected in 2010 from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital indicate thatcomplicated skin and soft tissue infections accounted for more than 10% ofcases. Etiological diagnoses are based on the findings on bacterial culture andthus evaluation of the effectiveness of bacterial culture becomes a necessity.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the operational effectiveness ofbacterial culture for etiological diagnosis of complicated skin and soft tissueinfections.METHODSThis was a historical cohort study using secondary data of patients withcomplicated skin and soft tissue infections admitted for hospitalization to CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from July 2011 to July 2012. The 90 subjectsmeeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups of 45patients each. Group 1 comprised patients who received initial antibiotic therapyaccording to cultural results, while the patients in group 2 received initial antibiotictherapy without reference to cultural results. Successful diagnostic culture wasassessed by the absence of therapeutic failure. Therapeutic failure wasdetermined using 3 parameters that had to be fulfilled, viz. absence of antibioticescalation, repeat operations, and clinical deterioration. The latter parameterwas assessed by clinical judgement of the attending physician.RESULTSAfter controlling for confounding variables (age, severity of infection,comorbidity), there was no statistical difference in therapeutic success betweenculture-based and non-culture based initial antibiotic therapies (OR=0.45,p=0.085).CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrates the ineffectiveness of bacterial culture as a diagnosticcriterion for appropriate antibiotic therapy of complicated skin and soft tissueinfections.
Geraniin supplementation increases human keratinocyte proliferation in serum-free culture Indra Kusuma; Restu Syamsul Hadi
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.3 - 10

Abstract

BACKGROUND Various products used in cellular therapy utilize tissue culture techniques requiring keratinocyte culture. An efficient and clinically acceptable keratinocyte culture system requires supplements with mitogenic activity. Geraniin is a phytochemical with the potential as a supplement for expansion culture of keratinocytes. The objective of the present study was to verify the mitogenic activity of geraniin on human keratinocytes. METHODS This was an experimental study using two samples of human foreskin obtained by circumcision of a male child. Epidermal keratinocytes were isolated from the foreskin samples and were divided into paired groups, comprising intervention and control groups. The intervention groups were cultured with geraniin supplementation, whereas the control groups with standard supplements, without the addition of geraniin. Mitochondrial activity of the cells was evaluated by means of the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium-bromide (MTT) proliferation assay. Absorbance values in each of the groups was measured at 450 nm. Data analysis was performed with the paired t-test. RESULTS Geraniin supplementation significantly increased the keratinocyte proliferation rates at dosages of 0.8 to 3.1 μM. An increase of 57% in the proliferation rate was obtained at a dosage of 1.6 μM, while at a dosage of 12.5 μM toxic effects were starting to appear. Geraniin presumably causes increased cellular energy status, resulting in increased proliferation rates. CONCLUSION The findings in this study provide evidence in support of the utilization of geraniin as a supplement for expansion culture of keratinocytes. Further studies may presumably identify the molecules acting as geraniin receptors and the intracellular mechanisms underlying the increase in proliferation rates.
IFNG Polymorphism (+874 T>A) is not a risk factor for cervical cancer Ani Melani Maskoen; Herman Susanto; Samsudin Surialaga; Edhyana Sahiratmadja
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.29 - 36

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer cases are rising and many women are infected with human papillomavirus (HPV). Interferon gamma (IFN-ã) is one of the key regulatory cytokines that influence the HPV clearance. The production and the function of IFN-ã may impaired by the defect of the IFNG gene leading to the cervical malignant progression. This study aimed to examine the association between IFNG+874 T>A polymorphism and cervical cancer in women METHODS In a case-control study design, consecutive untreated women with cervical cancer who showed for the first time in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung were enrolled (n=98) and for controls women who came for PAP smear (n = 81). Controls were not matched in ages and ethnicities. DNA extracted from blood was amplified by amplification refractory mutation system - polymerase chain reaction method (ARMS – PCR) to detect IFNG+874 T>A polymorphism. RESULTS The distribution of IFNG genotypes TT, TA and AA for women with cervical cancer who met the inclusion criteria (n= 64) and with negative intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (n=42) were 14.1%, 50.0%, 35.9% and 7.1%, 52.4%, 40.5%, respectively. No significant differences could be observed between both groups (p=0.64). Stratifying the cervical cancer women into a group of squamous cell carcinoma (n = 54) revealed no statistical different. CONCLUSION IFNG +874 T>A polymorphismseems not to contribute in susceptibility to cervical cancer. Identification of other variants in IFNG gene signaling and its role in the development of cervical cancer diseases need to be further examined.
Scurrula atropurpurea increases nitric oxide and decreases malondialdehyde in hypertensive rats Nour Athiroh AS; Erna Sulistyowati
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.44 - 50

Abstract

BACKGROUNDHypertension is the most prevalent chronic disease and has an impact on one billion people. Production of superoxide radicals and endothelial dysfunction are involved in hypertension. Scurrula atropurpurea (BL.) Dans. is a tea plant parasite. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Scurrula atropurpurea (BL.)Dans. on nitric oxide (NO) as a marker of endothelial dysfunction and malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of oxidative stress in hypertensive rats.METHODSThis study subjected rats to deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-induced hypertension. The experimental groups consisting of the control group and 3 hypertension groups receiving Scurulla  tropurpurea extract at a dosage of 50; 100; and 200 mg/KgBW. Scavenging activity of Scurrula atropurpurea (BL.) extract was analyzed by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The levels of arterial nitric oxide (NO) and pulmonary  malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed by spectrophotometry. ANOVA and a post hoc test were applied to find the difference of arterial NO and pulmonary MDA levels between groups.RESULTSThe level of arterial NO was significantly decreased in the hypertension groups as compared with the control group, while the level of pulmonary MDA was significantly increased (p<0.05). Scurulla atropurpurea significantly increases the NO level at a dosage of 200 mg/KgBW, compared with the hypertension groups (p<0.001). Scurulla atropurpurea significantly decreases pulmonary MDA level at a dosage of 100 and 200 mg/KgBW compared with the hypertension groups (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONScurulla atropurpurea extract increases arterial NO and decreases pulmonary MDA in hypertensive rats, thus playing an important role in endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress.
Common mental disorders increase pre-eclampsia/ eclampsia risks in pregnancy Y Wibowo; M Hakimi; CR Marchira
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.60-68

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Pre-eclampsia is a multisystem complication that occurs after 20 weeks of pregnancy and can cause considerable maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Mental health is influenced by social support, and emotional distress during pregnancy may cause pre-ecclampsia/ecclampsia (PE/E). The objective of this study was to determine the association of social support and common mental disorders (CMD) with PE/E in pregnant women. METHODS This study was a matched case-control study. Cases were pregnant women who had been diagnosed with PE/E. Controls were those with normal pregnancies or not diagnosed as PE/E. Instruments social support questionnaire-6 (SSQ-6) was used to measure social support and self-reporting questionnaire 20 (SRQ-20) items for measuring CMD. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate matched odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS Low social support was not directly associated with PE/E. Compared with women with high social support, those with low social support had a 26-fold increased risk of CMD (+) (OR=26.4, 95% CI: 10.67 to 77.20, p=0.001). Several variables significantly associated with PE/E were CMD (+) (OR=6.11, 95% CI: 2.99 to 14.07, p=0.001), low family income (OR=2.93, 95% CI: 1.56 to 5.82, p=0.001), history of chronic hypertension (+) (OR=7.67, 95% CI: 2.32 to 39.89, p=0.001), history of PE/E (+) (p=0.001), and history of hereditary PE/E (+) (OR=6, 95% CI: 1.34 to 55.20, p=0.013). CONCLUSION Low social support was not directly associated with PE/E but was associated with CMD. To prevent CMD in pregnant women, there is a need for social support from the family.
Combination of three species of Zingiberaceae prevents doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity Heny Ekowati; Sarmoko Sarmoko; Retno Widiastuti
Universa Medicina Vol. 32 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2013.v32.11 - 19

Abstract

BACKGROUND Doxorubicin as an anticancer drug has hepatotoxic side effects. Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale are commonly used as herbals in Indonesia and around the world. Several compounds in these plants have antioxidant activities and are known to exhibit protection against doxorubicin-induced toxicities. This study aimed to observe the hepatoprotective effect of a combination of C. xanthorriza, C. longa, and Z. officinale extract on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. METHODS A total of 28 Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: 1) control group (0.9% NaCl); 2) doxorubicin 5 mg/kg intraperitoneally (ip) four times in 14 days (days 1, 5, 9, 13); 3) doxorubicin + combination of C. xanthorriza, C. longa, and Z. officinale (temulawak, kunyit, and jahe merah, designated as Tekuja) 250 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days; and 4) doxorubicin + Tekuja extract 500 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days. Measurements of parameters based on liver histopathology and the parameters of serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino tranferase (AST). RESULTS Doxorubicin caused significant elevation in serum ALT and AST enzymes after 14 days of treatment. Rats treated with doxorubicin + Tekuja extract 250 mg/kg/ day showed no histological changes, but had decreased levels of ALT and AST. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the combination of C. xanthorriza, C. longa, and Z. officinale has a protective effect in rats against liver damage induced by doxorubicin

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