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Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, 95115
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INDONESIA
PHARMACON
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : 23022493     EISSN : 27214923     DOI : 10.35799
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Pharmacon is the journal published by Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Indonesia (P-ISSN: 2302-2493 E-ISSN: 2721-4923). Pharmacon was established in 2012 and published four times a year. Pharmacon is an open access journal and has been indexed by main indexing Google Scholar, GARUDA, Crossref.
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Articles 18 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON" : 18 Documents clear
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT (Polycarpa aurata) OBTAINED FROM THE WATERS OF POOPOH VILLAGE, MINAHASA REGENCY Ghanny, Ath Thariq Fadhli Adhimul Ghanny; Yudistira, Adhitya; Lebang, Julianri Sari
PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.13.2024.49459

Abstract

One of the potential marine ingredients that are needed in the fields of food, cosmetics and health is as a source of antioxidants. Antioxidants inhibit the decay of certain substances, reduce oxidative stress, inhibit cell aging, and ward off free radicals. One marine organism that has potential as a natural antioxidant is Tunikata Polycarpa aurata. This study aims to test the antioxidant activity of Polycarpa aurata ethanol extract obtained from the coast of Poopoh Village, Minahasa Regency. The test uses the DPPH method with concentrations of 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, and 100 ppm to analyze antioxidant activity using a spectrophotometer. The results obtained the greatest antioxidant activity in Polycarpa aurata with a concentration of 100 ppm with an average percent inhibition of 80.744%. The results of this study showed the antioxidant activity of Polycarpa aurata from the waters of Poopoh Village, Minahasa Regency has good antioxidant activity. Keywords: Polycarpa aurata, Antioxidant, DPPH, Poopoh Village, Minahasa Regency.
Evaluation of Drug Prescription Appropriateness for BPJS Kesehatan Patients Against the National Formulary at Noongan Regional General Hospital Kountur, Gabriela; Lolo, Widya Astuty; Rundengan, Gerald Edward
PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.13.2024.49716

Abstract

The prescription of medication in healthcare facilities that collaborate with health social security administering agency refers to the National Formulary. Writing prescriptions that do not comply with the National Formulary can affect the quality of pharmaceutical services in hospitals and may result in rejected prescriptions for patients. The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of drug prescription compliance among BPJS Health patients with the National Formulary during the period of January to June in 2021 and 2022 at noongan regional general hospital, as well as to compare the percentage of prescription compliance between the years 2021 and 2022 during the same period. This research employed a descriptive design with retrospective data collection. The results of the study revealed an average percentage of prescription compliance with the National Formulary of 69.25% during the period of January to June 2021. However, during the period of January to June 2022, there was a decrease in the percentage to 67.22%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the compliance of prescription writing with the National Formulary has not yet reached the established standard.
EFFECTS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF LEILEM LEAVES (Clerodendrum minahassae) ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS OF MALE WHITE RATS Lengkong, Cheisy Anastasya Gratia; Bodhi, Widdhi; Datu, Olvie Syenni; Fatimawali
PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.13.2024.49750

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a global chronic disease with more than 500 million patientes. Leilem leaf is an endemic plant of North Sulawesi from the genus Clerodendrum which is believed potentially antidiabetic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of leilem leaf on blood glucose levels and body weight of male white rats. The extraction of leilem leaves using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. This study used the pretest posttest control group design method with 5 groups, namely group I positive control of metformin, group II negative control of 0.5% Na-CMC, group III, IV, and V were extract doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW. All groups were induced with 120 mg/kg BW of alloxan. The results showed that leilem leaf extract had a significant effect (Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) 0.001) on rats blood glucose levels with the best percentage in group V extract dose of 400 mg/kgBW and had no significant effect on body weight.
ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF YELLOW PUMPKIN LEAVES (Cucurbita moschata) ON MALE WHITE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) Tamahiwu, Natasya Ester Rebeca; Bodhi, Widdhi; Datu, Olvie Syenni; Fatimawali , Fatimawali
PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.13.2024.49751

Abstract

Pumpkin is a plant that contains many natural phenolic compounds, making it potential as an antioxidant, antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic. The aims of this study was to determine the antidiabetic activity of ethanol extract of pumpkin leaves on blood glucose levels and body weight on male white rats induced by alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kgBW. The type of research used in this study was an experimental laboratory using the pre test and post test with control group design methods. Rats was divided into 5 groups, each group consisting of 3 rats. Group I as the positive control was given metformin, group II as the negative control was given 0,5% CMC Na, groups III, IV and V as the treatment group were given extract doses of 150 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 600 mg/kgBW. The results showed that the ethanol extract of pumpkin leaves had a significant effect on decreasing blood glucose levels of rats P(< 0,05) and had no significant effect on the body weight of rats P(> 0,05) and the dose of the extract was the best in reducing glucose levels blood of rats is a dose of 600 mg/kgBW
Antioxidant Activity Test of Ethanol Extract of Sylissa carteri from the Waters of Poopoh Village, Minahasa Regency Imanuela, Glorensia
PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.13.2024.50036

Abstract

Sponges are one of the marine biota that has great potential to produce active compounds. The metabolic process of the Stylissa carteri sponge can produce secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolite compounds produced by sponges have many benefits, one of which is as an antioxidant. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of the sponge Stylissa carteri obtained from the waters of Poopoh Village Minahasa Regency. The Stylissa carteri sponge was extracted by maceration method and using a solvent, namely ethanol. Testing of antioxidant activity was carried out using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- pikrihydrazyl) method which was measured using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the Stylissa carteri sponge extract had antioxidant activity with the highest inhibition percentage at a concentration of 100 ppm that is 78,2%.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF Liosina paradoxa SPONGE EXTRACT FROM POOPOH COASTAL WATERS, MINAHASA REGENCY Pantow, Vania Consuella
PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.13.2024.50042

Abstract

Liosina paradoxa  sponge contains an active compound that can act as an antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of Liosina paradoxa  on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The research was conducted using an experimental method. Extraction uses the maceration method to extract the active compounds from the Liosina paradoxa  sponge. The extraction results were tested to determine whether there was antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; the test used the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method. The results of the test showed that there was antibacterial activity marked by the presence of an inhibition zone around the disc paper of the extract test solution on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with a medium inhibition zone diameter of 7.25 mm and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria with a medium inhibition zone diameter of 8.25 mm.
ANTIPYRETICS EFFECT OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PARE LEAVES (Momordica charantia L.) ON MALE WHITE RAT (Rattus norvegicus) polii, elisabeth
PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.13.2024.50185

Abstract

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a plant that contains flavonoids. Based on previous studies, it has been reported that flavonoid compounds have antipyretic activity. The aim of this study is to test the antipyretic effect of bitter melon leaf extract (Momordica charantia L.). This study uses a laboratory experimental research design employing male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) as the test subjects. Bitter melon leaf extract was administered at different doses, namely 3.6 mg, 7.2 mg, and 14.4 mg. Each rat was induced to have a fever with a 0.2 ml intramuscular dose of the DPT vaccine. Temperature measurements were taken before and after induction for 2-3 hours and every 30 minutes until the 180th minute. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD tests. The research results indicate that the ethanol extract of bitter melon leaves (Momordica charantia L.) has an antipyretic effect that can lower the body temperature in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) at a dose of 3.6 mg.
Test of Anti-inflammatory Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Green Betel Leaves (Piper betle L.) on White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Induced with Formaldehyde Turangan, Pricilia Dona; Bodhi, Widdhi; Lebang, Julianri Sari
PHARMACON Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.13.2024.55130

Abstract

Green betel leaves are known to contain tannin and flavonoid compounds which have the potential to provide anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of green betel leaves with several variations as an anti-inflammatory on edema of white rat’s paw induced by 1% formaldehyde given intraplantarly. Animals that had been induced by formaldehyde were given ethanol extract of green betel leaves after 30 minute,then the diameter of the rat's paw edema was measured using a caliper. The results showed that the negative control experienced an increase in the percentage of inflammation by 77.87% which was significantly different from the positive control, while the extract test group with doses of 25 mg/200gBW, 30 mg/200gBW, and 40 mg/200gBW could provide a decrease in the percentage value of inflammation respectively. - respectively 34.07%, 21.76%, and 4.80% and all three were not significantly different from the positive control (Asymptotic significance≥0.05). Based on research results, ethanol extract of green betel leaves can provide anti-inflammatory effects at a dose of 40 mg/200gBW as the best dose in reducing the diameter of rat paw edema.

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