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INDONESIA
Health Notions
Published by Humanistic Network for Science and Technology
ISSN : 25804936     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
"Health Notions" is a media for the publication of articles on research and review of the literature. We accept articles in the areas of health science and practice such as public health, medicine, pharmaceutical, environmental health, nursing, midwifery, nutrition, health technology, clinical laboratories, health education, and health popular.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol 10 (2026): january-march" : 6 Documents clear
The Role of Maternal Clean and healthy living behavior in Preventing Stunting Among Toddlers Tri Sakti Widyaningsih; Novita Kurnia Wulandari; Maria Wisnu Kanita
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): January-March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10103

Abstract

The causes of growth retardation are multifactorial and include family factors, maternal health, and nutritional status. Maternal knowledge of nutrition, childcare practices, and educational level are key determinants of child development. Poor maternal health and nutritional status increase the risk of developmental delays in children. Chronic malnutrition may lead to stunting, which can negatively affect long-term child development. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal clean and healthy living behavior and the incidence of stunting among toddlers in Banyuanyar Village. This study employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 56 mothers with toddlers, and total sampling was applied. Maternal clean and healthy living behavior was assessed using a questionnaire developed by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Stunting was measured using anthropometric observations based on height-for-age (H/A) indicators. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The Chi-square analysis yielded a p-value of 0.000, indicating a statistically significant relationship between maternal clean and healthy living behavior and stunting among toddlers in Banyuanyar Village. In conclusion, maternal clean and healthy living behavior is an important factor in supporting toddler health and preventing stunting. Consistent implementation of hygiene, sanitation, and proper childcare practices can help reduce the risk of growth disorders. Strengthening clean and healthy living behavior through continuous education and community-based interventions is essential to promote optimal child growth and development.Keywords: maternal; clean and healthy living behavior; stunting; toddler
Methodological Rigor in Health Research: Ensuring the Best Approach to Address Clinical and Public Health Objectives Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): January-March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10101

Abstract

In health research, the credibility and clinical relevance of scientific evidence are fundamentally determined by how well research methods are designed, justified, and reported. The methods section serves as the critical link between research objectives and the evidence generated to address them. However, misalignment between objectives and methodological approaches remains a common concern, often resulting in biased findings, limited applicability, and compromised decision-making in clinical and public health contexts. This perspective emphasizes that methodological rigor must be understood primarily as the alignment between research objectives and the chosen methods. The “best” method is not necessarily the most advanced, but the one most appropriate for answering a clearly defined clinical or public health question. Through conceptual discussion and illustrative examples across qualitative, experimental, and observational research, this paper highlights how inappropriate methodological choices can undermine validity, distort interpretations, and weaken the applicability of findings. The perspective further outlines a systematic approach to achieving alignment, beginning with the precise formulation of research objectives and followed by the careful selection and justification of study design, population, data collection procedures, and analytical strategies. Transparency in reporting and adherence to ethical standards are emphasized as essential components in demonstrating this alignment and ensuring reproducibility. As a key message to authors, this paper underscores that methodological decisions must not be driven by convention or convenience, but by their capacity to directly and reliably answer the research question. Failure to ensure such alignment risks producing evidence that is not fit for purpose, with potential implications for patient care and health policy. Conversely, a well-aligned and transparently reported methodological framework strengthens the validity, credibility, and impact of research, thereby supporting evidence-based healthcare and improved health outcomes.Keywords: health research; methodological rigor; research objectives; study design; clinical validity; transparency; reproducibility
Ensuring Replicability in Health Research: The Critical Role of Transparent and Systematic Methodological Reporting Heru Santoso Wahito Nugroho
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): January-March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10104

Abstract

The credibility of health research depends not only on the appropriateness of its methods but also on the clarity and completeness with which those methods are reported. Replicability is a fundamental principle of scientific inquiry, enabling independent verification, comparison of findings, and the accumulation of evidence. However, inadequate methodological reporting remains a common issue, with many studies lacking sufficient detail to allow replication. This perspective examines the concept of replicable methods in health research, emphasizing that a method is considered replicable when it is described clearly, systematically, and in sufficient detail to allow others to reproduce the procedures under similar conditions. The importance of replicability is discussed in relation to scientific validity, transparency, and its implications for clinical practice and public health decision-making. The paper also outlines practical strategies to enhance replicability, including sequential organization of methods, comprehensive description of study procedures, clear definition of variables and instruments, and transparent reporting of analytical approaches and study limitations. Authors are encouraged to adopt a deliberate and structured approach to methodological reporting, ensuring that their work can be independently evaluated and reproduced. Ultimately, improving the replicability of research methods strengthens the reliability, credibility, and impact of scientific evidence in healthcare.Keywords: replicability; health research methodology; methodological transparency; reproducibility; scientific rigor; reporting quality
Excessive Screen Time Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Speech Delay in Children Aged 0–6 Years in Malang City Ayling Sanjaya; Safira Safira; Anna Lewi Santoso
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): January-March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10105

Abstract

Excessive exposure to screen-based media in early childhood may interfere with various aspects of development, particularly speech and language skills. This study aims to analyze the significance of screen time duration as a predictor of speech delay in children aged 0–6 years in Malang City. A case–control design was employed involving 60 children, consisting of 30 children with speech delay and 30 children with normal speech development. Data on daily screen time duration were collected through parent-reported questionnaires, while developmental status was assessed using the Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire (KPSP). Statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test revealed a significant association between screen time duration and speech delay (p = 0.000). Children exposed to screen time for more than one hour per day were found to have a higher risk of experiencing speech delay compared to those with limited exposure. In conclusion, screen time duration is a significant predictor of speech delay in children aged 0–6 years, with longer exposure associated with an increased risk of delayed speech development. These findings highlight the importance of parental supervision and limiting screen-based media use, as well as promoting direct interaction to support optimal language development in early childhood.Keywords: early childhood; screen time; speech delay
Implementation of IPOS 4.0 for Entrepreneurship Learning for Environmental Sanitation Students Frida Hendrarinata; Triana Septianti Purwanto; Hery Koesmantoro
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): January-March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10102

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has encouraged educational institutions and student cooperatives to adopt integrated financial management systems to improve transparency, accuracy, and operational efficiency. However, many campus based cooperatives still rely on manual bookkeeping, which is prone to delays, inconsistencies, and limited financial analysis capacity. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing the IPOSPRO digital bookkeeping application at KOPMA Magetan Campus Environmental Sanitation, focusing on improvements in sales recording, inventory management, and profit–loss reporting. A participatory action research (PAR) design was employed, consisting of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting stages. Data were collected through direct observation, documentation of manual and digital financial reports, and evaluation of student performance during system operation. The results show that the implementation of IPOSPRO significantly enhanced the accuracy and speed of transaction recording, enabling real time updates and reducing human error compared to manual methods. Inventory management became more transparent and synchronized, as stock levels were automatically updated with each transaction, minimizing discrepancies between physical and recorded stock. Profit and loss reporting also improved, with the system generating automated and more comprehensive financial summaries based on integrated sales, purchase, and stock data. Additionally, the use of IPOSPRO strengthened students’ digital literacy and practical entrepreneurial skills, although several challenges remained, including difficulties in stock synchronization, inconsistent data input, and limited understanding of digital financial reports. In conclusion, the IPOSPRO application improves transaction accuracy, stock transparency, and financial reporting while enhancing students’ digital literacy, although continuous training and technical support are still required. Keywords: digital bookkeeping, IPOSPRO, inventory management, financial reporting, student cooperative, digital literacy.
In-Silico Study Using Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) Method with Structure Activity Relation (SAR) Approach of Bioactive Compounds in Cocoa Beans Ni Luh Putu Eka Sudiwati; Ardi Panggayuh; Nia Lukita Ariani; Dyah Ika Krisnawati
Health Notions Vol 10 (2026): January-March
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn10106

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries that cultivates the largest cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) plants in the world. The research on cocoa has received considerable attention, especially for its high flavonoid content as a potential antioxidant. The objective of the study was to identify the types of flavonoid compounds from cocoa beans originating from Kademangan Village, Blitar Regency, both fermented and unfermented, and the skin, and their potential as antioxidants in silico. Identification of compounds was carried out by qualitative phytochemical screening and continued with LCMS examination. The results showed that cocoa beans that were not fermented with n-hexane as a solvent contained alkaloids, tannins, and polyphenols, while those with methanol contained tannins, saponins, polyphenols, and vitamins C and E. Meanwhile, cocoa beans fermented with methanol contained tannins, polyphenols, and vitamins C and E. Through LCMS examination, epicatechin and anthocyanins were found with the highest levels found in unfermented cocoa beans. In silico studies showed that compounds in chocolate function as antioxidants and free radical scavengers where the active compounds were directly related to the expression of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) but not directly related to SOD protein levels. Thus, it is necessary to carry out further research with in vivo studies. Keywords: Catalase, Flavonoids, Glutathione peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Theobroma cacao L

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