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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
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Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)" : 7 Documents clear
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of oral and injectable proton pump inhibitors available in India Pradnya Deolekar; Kavitha Vivek Dongerkery; Jyoti Sonawane; Pramila Yadav; Azra Naseem
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
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Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) effectively suppress acid secretion and play an important role a lot of gastrointestinal disorders. PPIs are generally used long term by the patients. This can cause an increase in patient cost and subsequent decrease in adherence to the prescription. Hence, this study was done to assess the cost variation of PPIs. Methods: The cost of different brands of commonly used PPIs (10 capsules/tablets for oral drugs and one ampoule/vial for injectable drugs) was tabulated by referring to the “Monthly Index of Medical Specialties” October – December 2021, and 1mg online pharmacy. The cost ratio and percentage cost variation for various brands of a particular strength and dosage form was calculated and compared. Cost ratio >2 and cost variation >100% was considered significant. Results: The results showed a huge variation in costs of different brands with the highest being Rabeprazole 20mg (Cost ratio-16.4, Percentage cost variation-1540%) in oral formulation and Rabeprazole 20mg (11.9, 1090%) in the injectable formulation. Among oral drugs, Omeprazole 40mg has the lowest cost ratio and percentage cost variation (1.60, 60.34%) and Pantoprazole 40mg (1.51, 51.16%) in case of injectable formulations. Conclusion: There is a wide variation in the prices of PPIs available in the market. Huge demand for the commonly orally prescribed drugs like Omeprazole 20mg and Pantoprazole 40mg could be the reason for the high cost. Among injectable preparations, Pantoprazole 40mg is the most commonly prescribed but it has an acceptable cost ratio which is a positive sign.
Comparison of anesthetic and analgesic effect of isobaric 0.5% ropivacaine versus levobupivacaine with fentanyl as adjuvant in lower limb surgeries under spinal anesthesia- a randomized double-blind, interventional study Sampat Rathod; Chetali Das; Trishala Jain
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
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Background: Spinal anesthesia is a widely used technique for lower abdomen and lower limb surgeries. We used opioids as an adjuvant to attain a dense block and increase the duration of surgery. The purpose of the study is to compare the anesthetic and analgesic effects of intrathecal isobaric 0.5% ropivacaine-fentanyl versus isobaric 0.5% levobupivacaine-fentanyl in patients undergoing lower limb surgeries. Material and methods: This prospective randomized double-blind interventional study was carried out in ASA I and II, aged 18 to 60 years. Injection Isobaric ropivacaine (0.5%) 2.5 ml with injection fentanyl 0.5 ml (25 μg) intrathecally in group A (n=30) and Inj. Isobaric levobupivacaine isobaric (0.5%) 2.5 ml with injection fentanyl 0.5 ml (25 μg) intrathecally in group B (n=30) was used. The sealed envelope method was used for group allocation. Results: Both groups' demographic and hemodynamic data were comparable. There was a faster onset of sensory and motor block in the levobupivacaine group than in the ropivacaine group with fentanyl, and the result was statistically significant. (P value <0.001). Two-segment regression mean time was statistically significant between groups (P value > 0.008). Sensory and motor block durations were shorter in the ropivacaine than in the levobupivacaine with the fentanyl group. There is a statistically significant difference between the two groups' time to first-dose rescue analgesia. Conclusion: We deduce in our study that using intrathecal 2.5 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine with 0.5ml fentanyl (25 micrograms) helps in early ambulation and can be used in day-care lower limb surgeries when compared with levobupivacaine.
Prediction of postspinal hypotension in elective caesarean section: An observational study Kanchan Chauhan; Poornima N; Kshama Rao; Anuapama Nagar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
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Objectives: Spinal anaesthesia is the most preferred method of anaesthesia for a caesarean section. The frequent complication of the subarachnoid block is hypotension. This study aimed to find out the association of pre-operative heart rate with post-spinal hypotension. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 pregnant patients, ASA physical status І and ІІ, aged between 20-35 years, undergoing elective caesarean section, under spinal anaesthesia. The patient’s baseline heart rate, Systolic blood pressure, Diastolic blood pressure, Mean arterial pressure, and SPO2 were noted. Incidence of hypotension and mephentermine requirement following spinal anaesthesia noted. Results: Fifty-seven out of 100 patients developed hypotension (57.0%) of whom 48 were in the subgroup with HR >90bpm (67.0%) and 09 patients were in the group with HR < 90bpm (31.0%). The baseline heart rate was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.001. The average dose of mephentermine required to correct hypotension was 9.47±4.8 mg. Conclusion: Baseline heart rate is a promising predictor of postspinal hypotension in obstetric patients undergoing elective caesarean section.
Comparison of dexmedetomidine, lidocaine and fentanyl in attenuation of haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation in cardiac surgery patients Karthik Kateel; Indu Verma; Manbhavan Mahajan
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
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Objective: Laryngoscopy and intubation produce sympathoadrenal response posing risk especially in cardiac patients due to arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia increasing morbidity and mortality. Our aim is to compare lidocaine, fentanyl and dexmedetomidine in attenuation of this response in cardiac surgery patients. Material and Methods: Ninety patients were allocated into 3 groups of 30 participants each. Group A obtained 1µg/kg Dexmedetomidine for 10 minutes before laryngoscopy. Group B 1.5mg/kg of Lidocaine and Group C 2µg/kg Fentanyl 90 seconds before intubation. Hemodynamic parameters like Heart rate (HR), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) and Rate Pressure Product (RPP) were noted before intubation and 1,3,5,10 and 15 minutes after intubation. Statistical analysis was done using Epi info version 7.2.1.0 statistical software (Chi square test, ANOVA test). Results: Dexmedetomidine had significant reduction in SBP at 1st (p-value=0.003), 5th, 10th and 15th (p-value<0.001) minute and in DBP at 3rd, 5th, 10th and 15th (p-value< 0.001). MAP was significantly reduced with dexmedetomidine at 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th and 15th minute (p-value</ = 0.001) and RPP at 1st (p-value=0.040), 3rd (p-value=0.001), 5th (p-value=0.001), 10th (p-value<0.001) and 15th(p-value=0.002) minute. Dexmedetomidine had higher fall in HR at 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th mins which was not statistically significant(p-value>0.05). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine 1µg/kg given as 10 min infusion before laryngoscopy was more effective than fentanyl and lidocaine in blunting hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation in cardiac surgery patients. However due to significant hypotension associated with dexmedetomidine, it has to be used with caution in these patients.
Efficacy of combination therapy of amphotericin and posaconazole in treatment of mucormycosis Sridhara S; Ramesh Sanappa; Nandini P; Gayatri Jayan; Gangadhara KS
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
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Background: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic systemic fungal infection which is debilitating caused by order Mucorales. The standard management of mucormycosis consists of aggressive debridement of the infected tissue and parenteral anti-fungal therapy with Amphotericin B. Liposomal amphotericin B is a “true” liposomal formulation of amphotericin B with greatly reduced nephrotoxicity and minimal infusion-related toxicity. Very minimal data is available on the usefulness of combining different antifungal agents for an effective outcome. Our study was undertaken at a time when there was a huge turnover of mucormycosis cases during Covid 19 pandemic with resultant shortage of important resources including liposomal amphotericin B. In effect, combination of liposomal amphotericin B with posaconzole gave a promising outcome. Objectives: To study the efficacy of combination therapy of liposomal amphotericin B and posaconazole in the treatment of mucormycosis. Methodology: It is a prospective study of 43 patients with mucormycosis who received combination therapy based on their disease severity. Results: In our study, 16 (37%) were considered as patients with mild disease, 18 (41.8%) were considered as patients with moderate disease and 9 patients (20.9%) were considered as severe. 20 (58%) patients out of 34 patients with mild to moderate disease showed improvement after combination therapy. Conclusion: A significant percentage of patients in our study showed improvement with combination therapy of liposomal amphotericin B and posaconazole in terms of survival and disease recurrence.
Comparative study of magnesium sulphate nebulization and lignocaine nebulization in prevention of postoperative sore throat (POST) Gopal Sharma; Kumar Asnani; Sanjay Kalani; Mohit Kumar
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
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Background: General anaesthesia (GA) includes intubation a necessary step to provide adequate ventilation in patients under anaesthesia along with protection of airway from regurgitation and aspiration. Postoperative sore throat (POST), hoarseness of voice, cough are common sequelae. The present study compares the efficiency of preoperative nebulization of lignocaine hydrochloride and magnesium sulphate for reducing the incidence of POST in patients under GA. Methods: The study conducted in GMC Kota and attached hospitals on 100 patients of surgery duration one hour to three hours. Patients were randomly allocated in two groups Lignocaine group and Magnesium group. Results: The majority of patients belonged to the age between 40 and 70 years. There was no significant difference in the mean pulse rate, SBP, mean SpO2. Comparison of sore throat in both the groups at rest, just after extubation, 2 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours showed incidence more common in lignocaine group than magnesium group but no significant difference (P>0.05). Hoarsness after extubation reduced within 24 hours in Magnesium group in comparison to Lignocaine group where it persists till 48 hrs. Conclusion: Incidence of sore throat, hoarseness of voice and cough was more common in lignocaine group and more in female patients. Both drugs can be used for prevention of postoperative sore throat, but magnesium sulphate has better results.
Comparison of COVID19(SARS-COV-2) infection, based on gender, age group and sequential waves by RT-PCR analysis among the population of western districts of Odisha Bhuban Mohan Panda; Lopamudra; Satish Dalai; Sanghamitra Padhi
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
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As SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread all over the world, it is evident that patient’s gender, age, and comorbidity might render these patients more vulnerable to either increased mortality or increased risk of infection. In the first wave of pandemic, percentage of infection was 5% in May 2020, which rose to 23% in August. Towards the end of the year, it was around 1.8%. In second wave, infection gradually increases to 3.4% in the later part of March 2021, reaching maximum of 31% in April. of the recorded positive cases, infection rate in male population was comparatively higher them the female. In September 2020 where the rate of infection was highest in the first wave the male infectivity rate is 16% compared to 7.13% in females. In April 2021, male infection rate was at 21% compared to 9.7% in the female population. The positivity rate in male population was at 3.7% in third wave of infection. During this period the positivity rate in female population was at 1.87%. Our study shows the positivity rare was maximum in the age group of 18-29(25.5%) followed by 30-39(23.5%) and 40-49(17.2%) in 2020. Similar trend was observed in the year 2021 where the infection rate was 24.2%,23.6%,18.46% in the age group of 18-29,30-39 and 40-49 respectively. However, in 2022 maximum infection was recorded in the age group of 18-29 at around 29%, followed by age group of 30-39(20.9%) and 6-17(15%)

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