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Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research
Published by Creative Pharma Assent
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23480335     DOI : 10.18231
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research (JOAPR) is an official publication of Creative Pharma Assent (CPA). It is an open access, peer review online international journal. JOAPR is primarily focused on multiple discipline of pharmaceutical sciences (Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Technology, Biopharmaceutics, Cosmetic Technology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Herbal drugs/ formulations, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest) which publish quarterly. JOAPR also includes evaluation of pharmaceutical excipients & their practical application to research & industry based efforts. The aim of the scientific journal, JOAPR is to present a wide area for the current researchers to share their noble works and ideas in terms of the research papers, review articles and short communications. JOAPR only publish the original research works with a definite innovation and novelty after thorough reviewing. The paper must have a suitable and proper scientific background.
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)" : 12 Documents clear
Innovative and cost-effective SesZen-Bio™ with enriched Biotin and improved superior dissolution efficiency Gadani, Mihir; Badak, Sneha; Upadhyay, Ratna
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.446

Abstract

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies, including biotin, iron, zinc, and vitamin D, can lead to hair problems such as loss and thinning. This study explores the improvement of SesZen-BioTM, a natural biotin supplement derived from Sesbania grandiflora leaves, to give NI- SesZen-BioTM. Materials: The nature and structure of biotin in SesZen-BioTM were evaluated using C14 analysis and 1H NMR. Further, Sesbania grandiflora was subjected to an improved economic process to give NI-SesZen-BioTM. HPLTC-aided phytochemical profiling was performed for SesZen-BioTM, NI- SesZen-BioTM, and standard S. grandiflora leaf extract. The purity of d-biotin was quantified using HPLC. The dissolution profile of SesZen-BioTM and NI- SesZen-BioTM was tested to determine bioequivalence and compared versus synthetic biotin. Results: NMR and C14 analysis revealed that SesZen-BioTM contained 100% natural d-biotin. The yield for SesZen-BioTM and NI- SesZen-BioTM was found to be 17% and 18%, respectively, and both exhibited phytochemical profiles similar to standard extract. The release rate for SesZen-BioTM was similar till a dose of 500 mg and slowly decreased at higher concentrations (800-100mg). A 350 mg NI- SesZen-BioTM showed bioequivalence to 250 mg and 500 mg for SesZen-BioTM. Percent d-biotin content was 0.5% in SesZen-BioTM and 0.81% in NI- SesZen-BioTM. Conclusion: This new economically driven process yielded NI-SesZen-BioTM, with similar yield, higher biotin (100%natural) content, and similar dissolution profile but at a reduced dosage as compared to SesZen-BioTM and surpassed synthetic biotin with its sustained release format. Thus, NI- SesZen-BioTM is a promising solution for individuals seeking natural supplements for maintaining hair and skin heath.
Comprehensive analysis of cutaneous adverse drug reactions during hospitalization: unveiling nuanced complexities and ensuring patient safety Ahangar , Junaid Ahmad; Semira; Qayoom, Seema; Bhat, Mudasir Shafi
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.462

Abstract

Background: The spectrum of cutaneous drug reactions encompasses a broad range from benign rashes to potentially life-threatening conditions. The present study aims to comprehensively investigate the frequency, type, causality, preventability, and severity of adverse drug reactions (CADRs) occurring during hospitalization. Methods:  Conducted at SKIMS Medical College Hospital over a comprehensive six-month duration, this study systematically monitored the occurrence of cutaneous drug reactions. These reactions' causality, severity, and preventability assessments were meticulously conducted using established classifications such as the Wills and Brown classification, WHO criteria, Hartwig scale, and modified Schumock and Thornton scales. Result and discussion: Involving a cohort of 300 admissions, the study identified an incidence of adverse drug reactions (CADRs) at 8%. Detailed analysis revealed no significant associations between CADRs and gender, drug allergy history, or the number of drugs administered. Notably, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), particularly Dapsone, emerged as the most common drug class associated with cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs), accounting for 41.67% of cases.  Antibiotics, including linezolid (12.5%) and amikacin (12.5%), followed closely. Itching (37.5%), followed by red raised lesions (33.33%), emerged as the predominant reported reactions, showcasing associations with various drugs. Notably, a significant proportion of CADRs were categorized as mild (50%), with 95.83% deemed not preventable. Conclusion:  The prevalence of mild reactions, particularly linked to NSAIDs and antibiotics, underscores the nuanced complexities in drug responses. The research enriches the broader comprehension of adverse drug reactions, underscoring the imperative for meticulous surveillance and scholarly inquiry to elevate patient safety.
Design and evaluation of cost-effective oro-dispersible tablets of venlafaxine hydrochloride by effervescent method Mahale, Sunita; Tayde, Manisha; Ahire, Yogita G; Dhikale, Rupali S; Gulecha, Vishal S
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.501

Abstract

Background: Venlafaxine hydrochloride (VFH) is an antidepressant drug with poor bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism. Objective: In the present study, oro-dispersible VFH tablets were prepared using an effervescent method to enhance patient compliance using a design of experiment (DoE) approach. Methods: A two-factor, three-level 32 full factorial design was applied to investigate the combined effect of two formulation variables: the amount of treated agar and effervescent material (mixture of sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid) on disintegration time and %drug release (Critical quality attributes). Treated agar (12-18%w/w) was used as a disintegrant, and a mixture of sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid (12-16%w/w) was used as effervescent material along with directly compressible excipients to enhance mouth feel. The association between the factors and responses was established by plotting response surfaces and contour plots. A 3D surface plot was used further to evaluate the responses to the factors. Prepared tablets were evaluated for wetting time, hardness, friability, thickness, drug content uniformity, and disintegration time. In vitro, drug release studies and stability studies were also performed. Results: The tablet formulation containing 17.5% w/w treated agar and 16%w/w mixture of sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid was found to be a promising formulation with a disintegration time of 27 seconds and in vitro drug release of 97.38% (in phosphate buffer of pH 6.8). Conclusion: The use of effervescent material was found to be useful for taste masking as well as patient compliance.
Investigating the role of sesamol in promoting the healing of diabetic wounds by analyzing molecular expression patterns in human diabetic dermal fibroblasts. Beegum, Fathima; P V, Anuranjana; George, krupa thankam; K P, Divya; Begum, Farmiza; Krishnadas, Nandakumar; Rekha R Shenoy
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.505

Abstract

Background: Sesamol (3,4-methylenedioxyphenol) is one of the plant compounds tested in vivo for diabetic wound healing, normal wound healing, and dexamethasone-induced delayed wound healing. Elucidation of mechanisms underlying the wound healing effect of sesamol through modulation of various molecular and cellular pathways is the crux of this paper. Objectives: The objective of the current work was to uncover the mechanism of sesamol underlying the treatment of diabetic wounds using gene expression analysis. Methods: The cytotoxicity assay was performed using an SRB colorimetric assay, from which two doses were selected for further studies. The expression of various molecular markers was performed using RT-PCR. Results: An SRB assay was carried out to identify the safe concentration of molecules in HDDF cell lines. Two doses that showed more than 80 % viability were selected and used for gene expression analysis. It was observed that sesamol enhanced the expression of VEGF, TGFβ, AKT, JNK, ERK, and TIMP3 significantly (P≤0.001, P≤0.05, P≤0.001, P≤0.0001) when compared to control and significantly (P≤0.0001) downregulated the expression of MMP2, MMP-9 when compared to control, which promote wound healing in diabetes. The migration studies also showed a significant increase when compared to the control. Conclusion: Sesamol (SM) is a promising molecule that can accelerate wound healing in diabetes by modulating different markers involved in the process.
Evaluation of the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective properties of bael fruit extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in rats Garg, Deepak; Sharma, Amit; Pragi; Kumar , Varun
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.524

Abstract

Background: Bael is well-known for its antibacterial properties. Aqueous fruit extracts have also been shown to have hepatoprotective properties; the nephroprotective and hepatoprotective properties of Ethanolic extracts have not yet been tested. Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities of Bael against CCl4-induced toxicity in rats. Methods: Two dosages of Bael's Ethanolic extract (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) were compared with 100 mg/kg of silymarin. Histopathologic alterations of the liver and kidney, as well as biochemical blood parameters such as bilirubin, urea, uric acid, total protein and creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), were examined and assessed. Results: Bael was more successful in lowering high levels of urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, and ALP when he used a 200 mg/kg/day methanol extract. According to the histopathologic assessment, Bael lessened the CCl4-induced hepatic and renal necrosis. The more significant dose resulted in reductions in AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, and bilirubin of 45,25, 52,36, and 16%, respectively. Ethanolic extract 200 mg/kg/day also shows a reduction in elevated levels of Creatinine, Urea, Uric Acid, and Total Protein by 57%, 52%, 34%, and 9%, respectively. Conclusion: There were established hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of the Bael fruit methanol extract, with 200 mg/kg/day being the most beneficial dose. This provides scientific proof that medicinal herbs like Bael can be used to treat renal and liver diseases.
Precision drug delivery through methotrexate and tofacitinib citrate encapsulated mesoporous silica scaffold Chakole, Dinesh; Rakte, Amol; Pande, Vishal; Kothawade, Sachin; Suryawanshi , Jayprakash
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.528

Abstract

Background: Advancements in drug delivery aim to enhance outcomes while reducing adverse effects. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) offer potential for targeted delivery due to their unique properties, including ordered pore structure, large surface area, and biocompatibility. Methods: MSN were synthesized using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and Pluronic F127, then amine-functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Methotrexate and tofacitinib citrate were loaded via incipient wetness impregnation. Characterization included FTIR, particle size analysis, TEM, SEM, DSC, XRD, and BET analysis. Results: FTIR confirmed surface modification. Particle size analysis showed nanoscale dimensions. TEM and SEM depicted ordered mesoporous structures. DSC indicated drug crystallinity and MSN amorphism. XRD revealed reduced drug crystallinity in MSN. BET analysis demonstrated high MSN surface area and pore volume. Drug-loading efficiency was 62.44%. Conclusion: Comprehensive synthesis and characterization of MSN for targeted drug delivery were achieved successfully, highlighting their potential in overcoming conventional therapy limitations.
Optimizing novasomes: impact of oleic acid and co-surfactant ratio on posaconazole delivery: In vitro & Ex vivo pharmacokinetic study Rukari, Tushar; Pingale, Prashant L; Upasani, Chandrashekhar D
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.536

Abstract

Background: Posaconazole, currently available as a solid oral dosage form, possesses erratic pharmacokinetics that complicate dosing regimens and increase the risk of adverse effects and drug interactions. Hence, innovative strategies, especially topical ones, are necessary to enhance the therapeutic profile and improve patient outcomes. Methodology: The regular 23 factorial design and the concentrations of Oleic acid: Span 80 (2:1) ratio, Cholesterol, and Tween 80 as independent variables were used for the formulation development. The preliminary effect was determined by dependent variables like vesicle size and entrapment efficiency; then the final optimized batch was loaded in 3 % w/w Carbopol gel. Result and Discussion: The optimized batch's vesicle size and entrapment efficiency were 193.34+14.84 nm and 90.03+0.11 %, respectively. These results were found statistically significant (ANOVA) in the trial version of Stat-Ease 360®. Other evaluation parameters like zeta potential and pH of all the formulations were also significant (p<0.005). Conclusion: The optimized batch (NF7), when loaded with gel (NF7G-3), showed sustained release of Posaconazole up to 7 h in an In vitro diffusion study facilitated 87.14±0.11 % release confirming non-Fickian or Anomalous diffusion, interpreted from Korsmeyer Peppas (KKP) model. With the results from In vitro and Ex vivo pharmacokinetic release, the Posaconazole-loaded NF7G-3 Novasomal gel can exhibit potential formulation for the topical treatment of fungal infections. It will help significantly mitigate the negative effects of Posaconazole.
Exploring the potential of carbocisteine loaded microparticulate system by using ccd model for the treatment of respiratory infections Rane, Bhushan R.; Gavit, Mayur R; Patil, Vaibhav L; Mhatre, Nandini R; Jain, Ashish S
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.562

Abstract

Background: Multi-particulate drug delivery systems (microbeads) deliver drugs over an extended period, distributing them evenly throughout the gastrointestinal tract and minimizing local irritation. Microbeads are small, solid, free-flowing particulate carriers that contain drug particles that have been dispersed and are either crystalline in solution. Aim: The present work explores the potential of the carbocisteine-loaded floating microparticulate drug delivery system. Methodology: Floating microbeads were prepared using the ionotropic gelation method and optimized using Central Composite Design. Result and discussion: Floating microbeads of prepared carbocisteine were evaluated for the FTIR study, which reveals no interaction between the drug and other excipients. Buoyancy time, drug content, particle size, and % drug release were also characterized; it found that drug release was 90.24 %, up to 17 hours, 250 to 220 µm, and drug content 96.67%, respectively, for the optimized batch. An accelerated stability study was performed, showing that the formulation was stable. Floating microparticulate drugs were prepared, and batch B-3 was optimized based on in-vitro buoyancy and release patterns. The floating ability of the beads was observed visually for 10 to 17 hr, and an increase in polymer concentration decreased the swelling of the beads. Conclusion: The results obtained from the formulation batch B-3 show good results for all the parameters tested. Floating microbeads could be the best possible approach to deliver drugs with the benefit of reduced dosing frequency
Microscopic, pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation of Sesbania grandiflora leaves Sharma, Sharad; Semwal, Bhupesh Chander; Mazumder, Avijit
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.577

Abstract

Objective: Sesbania grandiflora is a short-lived and fast-growing edible ornamental plant belonging to the Fabaceae family. Due to its unique therapeutic characteristics such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, neuroprotective antioxidant, etc., it is utilized as an herbal medication in the Indian traditional medical system to treat various diseases. Therefore, the objective of the current investigation was to offer certain beneficial information regarding the standardization and identification of S. grandiflora leaf, which may be helpful in terms of its validity, purity, and quality. Methods: The micro- and macroscopical study of fresh and dried leaves of Sesbania grandiflora was investigated. Physicochemical parameters were performed according to WHO-recommended parameters. The dried leaves were powdered and extracted with different solvents in a Soxhlet apparatus. The concentrated extract was further used for physiochemical and phytochemical studies. Result:  The fresh leaves of S. grandiflora were examined for their organoleptic characteristics. The leaves are regular compound and pari-pinnate with an average length of 15–30 cm long with green color. The transverse section of the leaf demonstrated the presence of spongy and palisade type of mesophyll cells. Stomata are anxiolytic and anisocytic stomata. Furthermore, Powder microscopy revealed the presence of simple epidermal hairs, dark yellowish-brown tannin fragments, light yellowish resinoids, oil globules, mucilage cells, and spiral vessels. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of triterpenes, glycosides, tannins,  flavonoids, gallic acid, biotin, and rutin. Conclusion: This study adds to the body of knowledge regarding the standardization and identification of the subject matter and facilitates future research on the Ayurvedic medical system.
Optimization and evaluation of transdermal delivery system for nebivolol hydrochloride Shelke, P V; Rachh, Punit R; Mankar, S D; Prasad L. Gorde
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Creative Pharma Assent

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69857/joapr.v12i3.580

Abstract

Background: Nebivolol hydrochloride, a β1-receptor antagonist known for its antihypertensive properties, boasts a plasma half-life of 10 hours and an oral bioavailability of 12%. In this study, we aimed to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of Nebivolol hydrochloride and circumvent its extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism by developing transdermal matrix patches. Methodology: Utilizing Central Composite Design (CCD), nine formulations were devised, comprising Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K15M and Eudragit S100 as independent variables, with 10% w/w triethyl citrate as the plasticizer. Key dependent variables were evaluated, including folding endurance, moisture content, tensile strength, in vitro drug release, and flux. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) assessed the compatibility between the drug and polymer. Results and discussion: Among the formulations, FP8 demonstrated the highest drug release (85.88% over 24 hours), attributed to its elevated concentration of hydrophobic polymer. The optimized formulation was determined based on the results of dependent variables. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the developed matrix transdermal film holds promise as a potential candidate for sustained drug release over a 24-hour.

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