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Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs

ijcua
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Published by Anglo-American Publications LLC

ISSN : 24756156 EISSN : 475616 DOI : -

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The International Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs (IJCUA) is the interdisciplinary academic, refereed journal which publishes two times a year by Anglo-American Publications LLC. IJCUA brings together all the theories, manifestoes and methodologies on contemporary urban spaces to raise the understanding for the future of urban planning. Overall, IJCUA aimed to establish a bridge between theory and practice in the built environment. Thus, it reports on the latest research findings and innovative approaches, methodologies for creating, assessing, and understanding of contemporary built environment

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Articles 352 Documents

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Economic Diversification and the Urban Image; Changing the Narrative on Street Vending MUHAMMAD K BALARABE; ABDULSALAM SHEMA IBRAHIM; MARYAM AHMAD
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

Street vending is a dynamic phenomenon of network of events, socio-economic and cultural factors while remaining a narration of place. At the metropolitan level, the narrative is negatively skewed towards street vending and its aesthetic reality, contemporaneously exploring hostile environmental interventions within the informal sector. This paper attempted to explore a counter-narrative asking; based on aesthetic experience, can the “desired” urban image to be achieved by allowing street vendors proliferate in public spaces? This question was asked within the scope of the political-economy of diversification in Nigeria. The paper argued that, around public spaces such as parks and sidewalks, the precarious nature of vending activities lead to their diffidence in upgrades to stalls, tables and kiosks. With pictures from spaces that appear to approve of street vending tacitly, a pattern of upgrades in vending apparatus and kiosks were established. This paper proposes an integrative model of passive, active and tacit support that is required to influence the discourse of vending activities within the context of urban images produced in Nigerian. In conclusion and using sing Gouverneur (2014) concepts of receptors and transformers, this paper revealed that potential existing parks within a dense urban area could serve as transformers, creating an urban image that defies that “out of place” narrative associated with vendors.

Density, Energy and Metabolism of a proposed smart city Anindita Mandal; Hugh Byrd
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 1 No. 2 (2017): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

This paper reports on a detailed analysis of the metabolism of the Island City of Mumbai should the Indian Government’s proposal for ‘smart’ cities be implemented. It focuses on the environmental impact of increased population density achieved by demolishing existing medium-rise (3-5 storey) housing and replacing it with the proposed high-rise (40-60 storey) towers. The resulting increase in density places a burden on the demand on such things as electricity and water and simultaneously increases the output flows of drainage, solid waste and greenhouse gas production.An extended urban metabolism analysis is carried out on a proposed development in Mumbai (Bhendi Bazaar) that has been put forward as an exemplar case study by the Government. The flows of energy, water and wastes are calculated based on precedents and from first principles. The results of the case study are then extrapolated across the City in order to identify the magnitude of increased demands and wastes should the ‘smart’ city proposals be fully realised. Mumbai is the densest city in the world. It already suffers from repeated blackouts, water rationing and inadequate waste and sewage treatment. The results of the study indicate, on a per capita basis, increasing density will have a significant further detrimental effect on the environment.

The Socio-cultural and ecological perspectives on landscape and gardening in Urban Environment: A narrative review Patrick Chukwuemeke Uwajeh; Ikenna Stephen Ezennia
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

This review offers a perspective on the role landscape and gardening play in urban settings from a socio-cultural, and ecological dimension. The practice of cultivating in gardens, parks and vacant lots, creates community spaces, and are increasingly becoming important to peoples’ experience of social and cultural wellbeing. In recent times, this has become a major focus of research in ecology, agriculture, urban design, landscape architecture, human geography, and sociology. Community gardening is one of the avenues toward revitalizing urban environments, and it provides a way of addressing multi-faceted urban problems ranging from limited food access to safety and community cohesion. That being said, it is necessary to continually evaluate the roles which society, ecology, and culture play in cities and landscape planning due to the dynamic nature of culture. This article aims to bring to the fore, the various factors of landscape and gardening practices in cities and the dynamics of cultural and ecological effects they have in building communities, reclaiming communities or engendering a personal place to thrive. A narrative review of the literature on peer-reviewed articles within the scope of the study was adopted as the research method.

Adaptive Reuse of the Industrial Building: A case of Energy Museum in Sanatistanbul, Turkey Najmaldin Hussein
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

Industrial buildings as an example of cultural heritage transform our cultural identity from the past to the present and even for the future. Unfortunately, there are lots of industrial building which lost its function by converting the place to live and identifiable place. This research will clarify the reasons for conserving of the industrial heritage and by classification of international charters which are dealing with industrial heritage will introduce conservation methods for adaptive reuse of industrial buildings. As a case study, the research will focus on Energy Museum in Istanbul. To assess the building based on reusing principals. The study concludes that the Energy Museum is one of the successful examples of reuse of the building. It also concludes that less intervention in reusing a building can save the identity of the building.

The Scale of Public Space: Taksim Square in Istanbul Senem Zeybekoglu Sadri
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

This article aims at following the traces of the transformation of public sphere in Turkey through its manifestations on urban public spaces with the case study of Taksim Square. In this attempt, the article illustrates how Taksim square, as a public space, has been shaped by struggles between different ideologies, discourses, political decisions and daily activities taking place at personal, interpersonal, local, national, supranational and global scales. Through this way this article also aims at understanding how these contestations at different scales are affecting people, individually and collectively, from daily life practices to political integration. The article also discusses that our daily life practices and preferences are political decisions and our participation in public sphere occurs through those daily actions of the personal spheres. Therefore, the article suggests that a paradigm shift is needed in the design and production of the built environments that will facilitate the coexistence of multiple counter publics. Copyright © 2017 Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs.

Evaluating Staff Perceptions of Supportive Healing Environment in Healthcare Facilities PATRICK CHUKWUEMEKE UWAJEH; IKENNA STEPHEN EZENNIA
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

Evidence-based design strategies can improve stress-free environments in healthcare, by emphasizing strategic opportunities to influence the design of health facilities. Evidence-based design (EBD) as a tool for healthcare planning is a method that began in healthcare having a general-purpose of providing evidence-based medicine. It involved Gathering information and evidence and using this evidence to mould the environment which supports the programming stage in design problem-solving. The connection between the theories and use of findings in (EBD), have not been adequately revealed enough to be used as a tool in design. As such, several factors, or characteristics, evident in numerous studies about healing environment and (EBD), require categorization into tangible and non-tangible dimensions in order to apply them during the design process successfully. Two research questions served as a foundation for the investigation of attributes in healing environments: What critical attributes can be identified by healthcare staff related to Dilani and Ulrich’s research findings? Is a hierarchy of attributes perceived by healthcare staff? The aim of this research is to closely examine the factors of Psychosocial Supportive Design theory by Alan Dilani (2001) and Supportive design theory (SDT) by Roger Ulrich (1991) on the staff in Eastern Mediterranean university health centre. Questioners and site visit were used for data collection. SPSS was used to obtain percentages from data collected. The result of the study reveals a hierarchy of factors perceived by the staff that can promote supportive healing.

Quality Evaluation and Study of Ecological Toxicity of Heavy Metals in Shadegan Wetland Samar Mortazavi; Mohsen Tizhoosh; Zahra Cheraghi
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 1 No. 3 (2017): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

Wetlands hold a principal position in storing food for primary producers, so they are not able to bear the pressure. The slightest disturbance, hence, may harm wetlands and cause detrimental effects. The present study aims at monitoring heavy metals and evaluation of the sediment quality index of Shadegan wetland in Iran. Thus, a sampling of surface sediments of the wetland was performed at ten stations with three replications; after the preparation of samples with aqua regia, the concentrations of heavy metals were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The quantification of sediment pollution using the contamination factor, contamination degree, pollution load index, ecological risk assessment index, and ecological toxicity of heavy metals in the region were all carried out. The results of Cf and Cd showed that the degree of zinc and copper contamination is low; however, the degree of lead contamination is moderate. Moreover, the obtained PLI was less than 1 indicating a lack of sediments contamination with heavy metals. The RI was less than 150 indicating a low risk of contamination. In addition, comparing the concentrations of elements with National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and Sediment Quality Guidelines showed slightly toxic and non-toxic sediments, respectively. Finally, based on a mixture of effect range median, all sediment samples are placed in the first category with less than 12% toxicity probability. Copyright © 2017 Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs.

Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent heat thermal storage Mauricio Carmona; Mario Palacio; Arnold Martínez
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 1 No. 3 (2017): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

In the present paper, an experimental analysis of a solar water heating collector with an integrated latent heat storage unit is presented. With the purpose to determine the performance of a device on a lab scale, but with commercial features, a flat plate solar collector with phase change material (PCM) containers under the absorber plate was constructed and tested. PCM used was a commercial semi-refined light paraffin with a melting point of 60°C. Tests were carried out in outdoor conditions from October 2016 to March 2017 starting at 7:00 AM until the collector does not transfer heat to the water after sunset. Performance variables as water inlet temperature, outlet temperature, mass flow and solar radiation were measured in order to determine a useful heat and collector efficiency. Furthermore, the operating temperatures of the glass cover, air gap, absorber plate, and PCM containers are presented. Other external variables as ambient temperature, humidity and wind speed were measured with a weather station located next to the collector. The developed prototype reached an average thermal efficiency of 24.11% and a maximum outlet temperature of 50°C. Results indicate that the absorber plate reached the PCM melting point in a few cases, this suggests that the use of a PCM with a lower melting point could be a potential strategy to increase thermal storage. Thermal analysis and conclusions of the device performance are discussed.

Courtyard Housing in China: Chinese Quest for Harmony Donia Zhang
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 1 No. 2 (2017): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

The Chinese have lived in single-extended-family courtyard houses in many parts of China for thousands of years. The earliest courtyard house found in China was during the Middle Neolithic period (5000-3000 BCE). The courtyard form signifies Chinese quest for harmony with nature and in social relationships. However, the 20th century was a significant turning point in the evolution of Chinese courtyard houses; this paper provides an overview of this transition. It starts by briefly introducing traditional Chinese courtyard houses and their decline since 1949, it then examines the emergence of new courtyard housing in Beijing and Suzhou since the 1990s, and then it evaluates the new development of Chinese-style courtyard garden villas in/around these two cities since the 2000s, such as Beijing Guantang and Suzhou Fuyuan villa estates. They are explorations of a new way to honour Chinese architectural history and philosophy, meanwhile, incorporating Western interior design principles to meet modern living requirements. This architectural acculturation represents Chinese sustained quest for harmony in their art of living. The paper finally proposes four designs of new courtyard garden houses for future practice.

A Lesson from Vernacular Architecture in Nigeria Joyce Lodson; John Emmanuel Ogbeba; Ugochukwu Kenechi Elinwa
Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Publisher : Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi

Contemporary architecture has its roots from the vernacular. Every cultural group in the world has its own form of vernacular though the approach may vary from place to place and from people to people. Vernacular architecture has many values which are relevant to contemporary architecture today. This paper looks at vernacular architecture in Nigeria as practised by two ethnic groups who have varying climatic, religious and socio-cultural practices. The approaches to architecture by these two groups, i.e. the Hausas and Igbos, are looked at with the intention of finding positive values in the vernacular which can be applied to the contemporary. One of such values as seen in this paper is the harmony of traditional building materials with nature. Local building materials are able to meet housing needs without having a detrimental effect on the environment. More emphasis should therefore be given to local building materials in the building industry today. The paper concludes by stating that for contemporary architecture to adequately meet the needs of man today, vernacular values which apply to the cultural and climatic needs of such places should be selected and imbibed.

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