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INDONESIA
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20890133     EISSN : 24776416     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Astronomy Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics provides rapid publication of short reports and important research in all fields of physics. Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics publishes articles that are of significance in their respective fields whilst also contributing to the disclipline of physics as a whole. Articles should be submitted to the Editorial Office of Indonesia Journal of Apllied Physics through this site. Further information on submission is also available at this site
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Articles 18 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April" : 18 Documents clear
Adsorption Behavior of Sugarcane Bagasse-Derived Activated Carbon as a Copper Removal Nur Layli Amanah; Alsello Diveni Manuputty; Fadila Arum Ramadhani; Dita Floresyona; Eduardus Budi Nursanto; Haryo Satriya Oktaviano; Agung Nugroho
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.87564

Abstract

This study aims to remove Cu2+ as a heavy metal inside the sample solution implementation. Eliminating heavy metals through activated carbon utilizes sugarcane bagasse's high carbon content, which is rich in cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. There are various methods for eliminating metal content, including activation using Acid 0.1 M Hydrochloric Acid (HCl),  Base 0.1 M Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), and without using activation media. The method considers the different ion Cu2+ initial concentrations and contact times. Detailed initial concentrations of Cu2+ were conducted using CuSO4 media for 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 ppm and 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes for length of contact time. For the result, the transmittance of FTIR showed a primary functional group of Activated Carbon (AC) on SBAC-1, comprising O-H, C-O, and C=O. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis also shows the significant value reaching 458.607 m2/g surface area's adsorption and had qmax = 8.13 mg/g, the highest adsorption capacity. The plot brings about the adsorption mechanism as physiochemical & multilayer adsorption, with a physisorption layer with percent removal of Cu2+ at 81.3% at 30 minutes optimum time and optimum initial concentration of 5 mg/L with 82.2 % absorption on SBAC-1. The determination of Freundlich as the isotherm model is the most suitable mechanism of absorption for all process variations and generates a R2 value of 0.9731 for the SBAC-1 sample.
Role of the Nuclear Technology for Regional Border Security Darsono Darsono; Elin Nuraini; Saefurrochman Saefurrochman; Sutadi Sutadi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.75274

Abstract

The smuggling of explosives, narcotics, weapons, and hazardous chemicals, as well as the illicit trafficking of radioactive and nuclear materials across the national border have threaten the security of all States. Nuclear technology has been developed to face these problems. Current inspection system for parcel, luggage, vehicle, and cargo uses imaging techniques based on the penetrating radiation of hard X-rays and Gamma-rays. These system are used to prevent the smuggling activity. RPM (Radiation Portal Monitor) is used to detect radioactive and nuclear materials. This paper describes the RPM, the cargo inspection system based on the penetrating high energy photon and neutron, as well as the potential cargo inspection system based on neutron reaction with materials inside a container. The discussions are focused on the research and development of the PGFNA (Prompt Gamma Fast Neutron Analysis) with associate particle method in BRIN (National Research and Innovation Agency) to detect C, N, and O which are the main chemical element of a contraband material. A neutron of 14.1 MeV from a neutron generator accelerator was used to excite the nuclides of C, N, and O and their gamma rays were measured by nuclear instrument of alpha-gamma coincident.  The results of PGFNA experiments using the alpha-gamma coincidence technique at 100 ns timing range of TPHC and at a neutron flux of 106 n /cm2.s showed that the technique worked and it was able to reduce the background count although a big sample was needed.
Propose Model of Gathering System Optimization on Unit-G4 Geothermal Power Plant Udi Harmoko; Sorja Koesuma; Joko Windarto; Asep Yusup Burhanudin
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.100269

Abstract

The nature of geothermal heat is a decrease in pressure, temperature, and steam flow. Based on Exaquantum observation data, one of the geothermal power plants in West Java experienced a reduced steam supply for the Geothermal Power plant (GPP) Unit-G4, which decreased production capacity. This study aims to analyze the existing conditions and make models and simulations on the optimum Steam Gathering System (SGS) at GPP Unit-G4.  The stages in this research are modelling using Aspen Hysys software on the existing conditions of SGS as a basis for finding alternative optimum solutions. The second stage was to design a model and simulation by interconnecting the K-21X production well with the PL-X05 production.  Furthermore, the simulation of adding steam by 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% in the interconnection process was carried out. Existing steam gathering modelling and simulation results show that the deviation between actual steam field parameters is ≤ 2% (can be used as a simulation baseline). The modelling and simulation results of adding steam from the K-21X production well to the PL-X05 production well are optimum at 100% and 75% steam addition. From the simulation, adding 25% and 50% steam cannot be applied because the net power does not reach the unit rate capacity of 60.856 MW.
Boltzmann-Gibbs Entropy to measure Fluctuation of Stock Index Dwi Satya Palupi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.93909

Abstract

The disorder of a physical system can be measured based on the entropy of the system. The greater the entropy value of a system, the more disorder the system increases. In Physics, the disorder of system is measured by Boltzmann-Gibbs Entropy. Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy relates the disorder of a system to the probability distribution of the system's states. The Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy can be extended to more general systems to become the Shanon entropy widely used in information theory. In this research, Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy is used to measure stock market disorder or the fluctuation of stock price. The fluctuation in the stock market are more focused on disorder movements, therefore Boltzman Gibbs entropy is developed into time-dependent entropy using a sliding window technique. The samples in this study were stock indices in Germany (GDAXI), China (HIS), Japan (Nikkei), the United States (Dow-Jones), and Indonesia (IDX). The calculation results show an increase in Boltzman-Gibbs entropy when the economic crisis begins. Entropy decreases when the crisis begins to subside towards a more stable.
Thermo-Fluid Dynamics of PLA Deposition in Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printing: A Numerical Study Zaki Saptari Saldi; Purba Purnama; Nurmalia Nurmalia; Salman Alfarisi; Muhammad Arifin; Ammar Munadi Suweco
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.87634

Abstract

Prototyping plays an important role in product design and has recently gained benefit from the rising popularity of 3D printing. It is to be expected that 3D printing will accommodate more materials, which need to be tailored to specific design requirements. Insights into heat transfer and fluid flows (thermo-fluid dynamics) in the printing process is thus essential to obtain favorable process parameters that can lead to high quality prints. In this work, polylactic acid (PLA) melt in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing was numerically studied through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, with a focus on the thermo-fluid dynamics of the strand deposition of the filament melt on the printer platform. The study was carried out by evaluating 6 printing cases, with a variation of 2 key process parameters, i.e., printing speed (30 and 45 mm/s) and platform temperature (310, 320, and 340 K). The simulation results showed that the free surface in the tip region of the strand has the most tendency to adhere to the printing platform heated at 340 K with the printing speed of 45 mm/s, as compared with other cases. This was affected by the lower dynamic viscosity in the region, relative to other cases, resulting from the high platform temperature and shear rate generated by the high printing speed.
Visual Analysis on Photoacoustic Emission Images of Synthetic Dye Contrast Agents inside a Simple Closed-Surface Phantom Mahendra Kusuma Nugraha; Ernawatil Gani; Mitrayana Mitrayana
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.77839

Abstract

A straightforward photoacoustic microscopy imaging system utilizing a laser diode emitting photons at wavelength of 450 nanometers was employed for visualizing contrast-enhanced phantom objects. These phantoms consist of polypropylene tubes with a diameter of 0.3 cm, infused with three types of dye solutions: methylene blue, methyl orange, and methyl red, at varying concentrations of 10 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm. In total, twelve phantom objects were imaged, each positioned over a 1x1 cm imaging area constructed from composite galvalume plates. A condenser microphone with audiosonic frequency response was employed as the photoacoustic detector, capturing ones generated by the objects. These emissions were subsequently processed and transformed into two-dimensional polychromatic images. Three primary aspects govern the visual characteristics of each acquired image: (i) the visible light absorption capacity at 450 nanometers for each type of dye; (ii) the concentration of soluble dye molecules; and (iii) the geometry and shape of the polypropylene tube functioning as the closed-surface phantom. It was discovered that utilizing polypropylene tubes as the closed-surface phantom can hinder the propagation of photoacoustic emissions generated by the solution, leading to significantly lower measured photoacoustic intensity than expected. When combined with the intrinsic properties of the contrast agents used, this key factor ultimately shapes the image features obtained from this experiment.
Assessment of Settlement Area Development in Jember Regency Area Based on Multitemporal LANDSAT 8 OLI-TIRS Data Bowo Eko Cahyono; Inas Alfiyatul Umniyah
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.97656

Abstract

Jember is a regency in the province of East Java-Indonesia, experiencing residential or settlement area growth because of increasing population as the main trigger for land use changing. Monitoring the development of settlement areas is important for regional and urban planning. Remote sensing technology provides fast and efective methods of classifying land use and land cover for regional aea, so monitoring the development of settelemnent area can be identified easily. This study aims to determine the classification of land use and analyse the distribution or evelopment of settlement area in the Jember District based on LANDSAT 8 OLI-TIRS data for the year of 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019 and 2021. The classification was conducted by supervised classification method using a random forest algorithm. The land use is divided into six classes namely vegetation, water body, settlement, bush grass, open land and paddy field. The results showed that settlement area continues to increase every year, meanwhile the area of vegetation, water bodies, bush grass, open land and paddy fields varies every year. The distribution of settlement area in each sub-district showed that the largest area of settlements occur in Ambulu sub-district with 1,447 ha in 2013, 4,064 ha in 2019, and 3,215 ha in 2021. The other years that are 2015 and 2017, Wuluhan sub-district was detected as the largest area of settlement which are 2,950 ha in 2015 and 2,291 ha in 2017. However, this number of settlement area distribution does not really reflect the level of housing density in each sub-district. Thus, the housing density was calcuated by dividing the settlement area to the sub-district area. It found that the highest settlement density in 2021 is located in Kaliwates sub-district with a percentage of 48%, followed by Sumbersari at 44%, Balung at 31%, Ambulu at 30%, and Umbulsari at 29%.
A theoretical study of electron impact excitation of the lowest autoionizing states of rubidium using a distorted wave method Fredrick Omboga Oketch
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.86355

Abstract

In this study, we applied distorted wave method to calculate integral cross sections, differential cross sections, and alignment parameters for electron impact excitation of the lowest autoionizing state of Rb. The projectile electron energy we considered is in the range of near threshold up to high energy region (1 keV). We considered static potential of the initial target state as the initial channel distortion potential and a linear combination of static potentials of initial and final target states as the final channel distortion potential. The wave functions used in this model are the multi-zeta and the double-zeta Hartree-Fock single electron wave functions. In order to perform the numerical calculations, we have modified distorted wave Born approximation 1 (DWBA1) program. In the present study, we have evaluated the exchange amplitudes exactly without any approximation. We have compared our results with other theoretical and experimental results available to us. The present results for integral cross sections are in good agreement with experimental results of Borovik. Our distorted wave results are in much better agreement with the experimental result than does the Dirac B-spline R-matrix results of Borovik. Additionally, our alignment parameter results show a near threshold maximum. Furthermore, from the present differential cross sections results it is observed that when the incident energy increases to 200 eV, the cross sections with or without the effect of exchange coincide nearly at all scattering angles.
Surface Area Analysis of Activated Carbon Material From Palm Frond Waste using Different Activation Agents Sahara Hamas Intifadhah; Rahmawati Munir; Dadan Hamdani; Adrianus Inu Natalisanto; Suhadi Muliyono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.96045

Abstract

Carbon is one of the abundant elements obtained from organic matter, one of which is found in the fronds of oil palm trees which is found on the Kalimantan Island. This research uses local organic waste in East Kalimantan to be used as activated carbon material, palm frond waste. Activated carbon material is one of the materials that has a high surface area and is widely applied for adsorbent materials. This study aims to analyze and compare the surface area of activated carbon synthesized from palm frond waste using different activating agents. This research also analyzes the nature of the material structure, surface area, pore size and pore volume of activated carbon. The method used is the process of thermal activation and chemical activation to convert carbon into activated carbon with variations of activating agents, phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). XRD, BET-SAA and SEM-EDX characterization tests were conducted. The results obtained show that the amorphous structure of activated carbon has been formed and there is an increase in BET surface area due to the activation process. The surface area obtained for the Non-Activated Carbon (C) sample is 15,149 m2/g, Activated Carbon-NaOH (AC-1) is 2,082 m2/g, Activated Carbon-H3PO4 (AC-2) is 307,692 m2/g. This shows that the best sample with the highest surface area is the AC-2 sample which uses the H3PO4 chemical activator solution.
Lung Cancer Classification using Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix Feature Extraction and Forward Selection Feature Selection based on the K-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm Soeparmi Soeparmi; Mohtar Yunianto; Lukmaniyah Rizky Amalia
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 1 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i1.90378

Abstract

In diagnosing lung cancer, the medical imaging team manually identifies CT-scan images of the lungs. This identification process makes it difficult for the medical imaging team to differentiate between lung cancer and normal images. This is because there is noise in the image, which reduces the image quality, so image processing must reduce the noise. This study used median and Gaussian filters, Otsu thresholding segmentation, GLCM feature extraction, forward selection, and k-nearest Neighbor classification. The research results show that of the 22 statistical features extracted, only 16 were selected for characterizing image classification. The image datasets used are 900 image data sets for program training and 100 image data sets for program testing. With a dataset of 100 image data sets, the level of diagnostic accuracy without forward selection (22 GLCM features) was 81.67%, while the diagnostic accuracy using forward selection (16 GLCM features) was 93.22% with a sensitivity of 92.25% and specificity is 94.46%.

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