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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013" : 8 Documents clear

Keragaman Mutu Pati Beberapa Varietas Jagung Suarni, Suarni; Firmansyah, I. U.; Aqil, M.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Corn-based industry requires information on physicochemical properties and functional characteristics of starch. The Information is useful as an indication of each corn variety for its usage. Corn starch characterization was done in the ICERI Laboratory of Food Processing and Chemistry Service, Maros, South Sulawesi. The starch was extracted using the wet method, and then the resulting starch was analyzed for its proximate composition, physicochemical and functional properties. The results showed that the characteristics of starch from all varieties, including moisture, ash, starch, and degree whiteness satisfied the SII (Indonesian Industrial Standard). From the eleven samples that were evaluated could be classified into three criteria, namely: low amylose content 3.98-6.87% (waxy), moderate amylose content 23.26-24.85% (Local Takalar, Anoman), slightly high amylose content 30.60-31.85% (Srikandi Putih, Srikandi kuning) and high amylose content 45.87-48.29% (Palakka, Krisna, Bisma, Lamuru). Starch components of amylose correlated with functional property and amylograf property, while the protein and fat each did not show meaningful correlation. The information obtained from this research is useful as a database of corn starch characteristic which is useful for the future corn processing and also as reference for further research.

Seleksi Galur Kacang Tanah Adaptif pada Lahan Kering Masam Kasno, Astanto; Trustinah, Trustinah; Rahmiana, A. A.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Increasing production of groundnut through the opening of new land is considered as the best option available. The remaining land available for groundnut, however, is an acid dry land. Groundnut selection for acid soil tolerance through a preliminary yield test consisted of 100 advance lines was done in Natar Experimental Farm, Lampung, in the early dry season (MaretJuni) of 2010. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The selected lines were then grown in South Lampung and East Lampung Districts during the late dry seasons (July-November) of 2010. The second experiment was done using a strip plot design with two replications. Applying the principal component analyses of 14 characters from the first experiment found nine characters that had KMO (Kaiser-MeyerOlkin) values higher than 0.5 and significant according to the Bartlettâ€™s test. Six of the 9 characters had high loading factors, and they were competent for further analysis. To facilitate simultaneous selection of the six characters, a cluster analysis was applied and was able to distinguish lines into three groups consisted of 27, 24, and 39 lines respectively. Finally, 8, 1, and 17 lines were selected from each of the groups. Two check varieties, Landak and Turangga, were included in group one, while variety Jerapah was included in group three. Potential yields of the selected lines ranged from 2.5 to 3.6 t dry pods/ha with scores of leaf spot disease ranged from 4.7 to 6.0 (resistant to moderately resistant). Using 10% intensity of selection, 17 lines were selected that combined both locations test (low and high Al saturated). The selected lines will be tested further in an adaptation yield trial for two seasons in various locations prior to the release as new varieties adapted to dry acid soil.

Viabilitas dan Infektivitas Formulasi Cendawan Entomopatogen Lecanicillium lecanii sebagai Biopestisida Pengendalian Telur Kepik Coklat Riptortus linearis Prayogo, Yusmani; Santoso, Teguh
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Lecanicillium lecanii fungi is an effective entomopathogenic fungus to control soybean pod sucking bug. The fungi is able to parasitize spore of pathogens that cause major diseases of soybean, such as rust, downy mildew, and powdery mildew. The study was aimed to determine the 12 formulations that can maintain spore viability and infectivity for 12 months. The formulations used talk, kaolin, sweet potato flour, cassava flour, rice flour, corn flour, soybean flour, mungbean flour, peanut flour, potato flour, molasses, peanut oil, and soybean oil based medium. Each medium was sterilized and mixed individually with conidia suspension of L. lecanii to form powder formulations that contained 107 conidia/ml. The spore viability and infectivity were tested after storing the formulations for twelve months. The result showed that viability and infectivity of spores in the formulation was lower with the longer period of storage. Viability of conidia in the formulation decreased to the lowest 20% after 12 months storage, especially that in peanut powder formulation. The spore viability in the cassava flour formulation was the highest (95%). Infectivity of the L. lecanii formulation using cassava flour to inhibit egg hatching of brown stink bug was 60% after 12 months storage. The viability and infectivity of L. lecanii spores in powder formulation was better than those in liquid formulations.

Pengaruh Kekurangan Air terhadap Karakter Agronomis dan Fisiologis Genotipe Kedelai Hitam Taufiq, Abdullah; Adie, M. Muchlish
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Drought stress during generative stage might reduce soybean yields up to 90%. This problem can be minimized by manipulating the environment or using tolerant varieties. A glasshouse research was done to evaluate the effect of drought stress on agronomic and physiologic characteristics of black grain soybean at the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang, from August to November 2010. Twenty genotypes of black grain soybean were evaluated under 100% (optimum) and 50% of field capacity (drought stress). The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The results showed that drought stress did not affect flowering dates and physiological maturity of pods, but significantly reduced plant height, shoot and root dry weight, root volume, number of branches, number of fertile nodes, and number of filled pods. The highest reduction was on shoot dry weight (70%) and number of filled pods (43%). Drought stress reduced transpiration rates and seed yield by 40% and 32-60%, respectively. Generally, soybean genotypes that had high transpiration rates under drought condition were more tolerant to drought. The highest average of soybean yields were found on genotypes AYT10-11 (6.20 g/plant) and AYT-10-16 (6.14 g/plant), and both were tolerant to drought stress with yield reductions 34.3% and 49.1%, respectively. The tolerance genotypes was mainly because roots were able to absorb more water under the drought stress conditions (3.29 l and 2.90 l, respectively) and had high water use efficiencies (2.99 and 2.85 mg seed/l, respectively). Genotype AYT10-3 showed a high tolerance to drought with 31.9% yield reduction and a lower transpiration rate under drought condition (2.60 l) than genotypes AYT10-11 and AYT-10-16, but higher in water use efficiency (3.11 mg seed/liter). However, AYT10-3 had a low yield (5 g/plant) and smaller seed size (8.9 g/100 seeds). Variety Detam 1 and Malika was each moderately sensitive to drought stress. The yields of these varieties were reduced by 46% and 51%, respectively, under drought stress condition.

Pengaruh Interaksi Genotipe dan Lingkungan terhadap Hasil Kacang Hijau Trustinah, Trustinah; Iswanto, Rudi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Genotype x Environment Interaction (GEI) is a common phenomena, causing differences in grain yield ranking of genotypes among environments. Identification of genotypes that are stable and adaptive to specific environment is important in cultivar development. Nineteen mungbean genotypes were tested at 8 locations, namely Ngawi, Demak, and Probolinggo in dry season of 2011, and Ngawi, Demak, Probolinggo, Gresik and Lamongan in dry season of 2012. The trial was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Each genotype was planted on plot size of 4 m x 4 m (10 rows, 4 m long), with a spacing of 40 cm x 10 cm, two plants/hill. The data were analyzed using the MSTAC program. Analyses on genotype x environment interaction, stability, and adaptability were done referring to Eberhart and Russell (1966), while biplot analyses were done using the AMMI program. The effect of genotype x environment interaction, and the genotype x environment (linear) interaction which was significant to yield were important in determining the yield stability of mungbean genotypes. Locations contributed the highest to the total variance (71.7%), followed by genotype x environment interaction (25.1%). The average yields of the mungbean genotypes at eight locations ranged from 1.25 to 2.15 t/ha, and the average yield across locations of each mungbean genotype ranged from 1.59 to 1.80 t/ha. Two lines were considered as stable genotypes and with high yields, namely G12 and G17. Genotypes G5 and G6 were stable and adapted to optimal environment, while G4 was adapted to sub-optimal environment. All genotypes were considered stable based on both AMMI also stable on regression techniques.

Identifikasi Galur Tetua Padi Hibrida dengan Marka SSR Spesifik dan Pemanfaatannya dalam Uji Kemurnian Benih Mulsanti, Indria W.; Surahman, Memen; Wahyuni, Sri; Utami, Dwinita W.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

DNA finger printing of hybrid rice variety and their parental lines are important molecular traits as a tool in plant variety protection, DUS test, and seed purity assessment. Molecular markers including microsatellite (SSR) markers have been used in varietal assessment. This study was aimed to identify specific SSR markers that can be used to distinguish parent lines of hybrid rice and to assess seed purity. The experiment was conducted in 2011 at Biology Molecular Laboratory of ICABIOGRAD, Bogor. Sixteen SSR markers were used to identify parental lines of five hybrid varieties of rice. Two hybrid varieties (F1), Hipa 6 and Hipa 7, were used in the seed purity assessment. Seven markers were polymorphic, and six of them (RM206, RM263, RM276, RM346, RM335, RM570) were capable of distinguishing parental lines of the five hybrid varieties. RM 346 marker could be used for testing seed purity of Hipa 6, while RM 206 marker for Hipa 7. Specific SSR marker was capable of distinguishing a false hybrid rice that might not be recognized by the grow out test in the field.

Pengaruh Aplikasi Serbuk Biji Mimba Spodoptera litura Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus dan Varietas Tahan terhadap Perkembangan Ulat Grayak pada Kedelai Indiati, S. W.; Suharsono, Suharsono; Bedjo, Bedjo
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Armyworm Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important pest of soybean in Indonesia. Severe damages by this pest can cause yield losses up to 80%. Effectiveness of the armyworm control using Spodoptera litura Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (SlNPV), neem seed powder (NSP), and resistant soybean lines was studied in the Laboratory of Entomology, ILETRI, Malang, in 2011. The trial was arranged in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted two soybean genotypes, Wilis (susceptible variety) and G100H (resistant line) applied with SlNPV and NSP and the leaves were used to feed the armyworm. The results showed that the development of the 3rd instar larvae to the 6th instar caterpillars were influenced by the type of feeds. Sizes of 3rd instar larvae until 6th instar leave fed with leaves of Wilis variety were shorter than those fed with leaves of G 100H. The caterpillars fed with leaves of G100H + 50 g/l SBM reached the 6th instar within 10 days, three days shorter than those fed with leaves of G100H alone. Leaf of Wilis variety also affected the pupal period, caterpillars weight, and pupal weight. Increased of NSP and SlNPV doses on the feed hastened and increased mortality rate of the caterpillars. Caterpillars fed with leaves of G 100H + 2 g/l SlNPV died on the 6th instar. Caterpillars fed with leaves of G100H + 2g/l SlNPV and leaves of G100H + 50 g/l NSP + 2 g/l SlNPV suffered 100% mortality at 9 days after application (DAA), whereas those fed with leaves of G100H + 50 g/l NSP only achieve 97% mortality at 21 DAA. Caterpillars fed with leaves of Wilis variety only showed 27% mortality at 15 DAA or at the pupal phase. Mortality rate of caterpillars fed with leaves of G100H reached 78% at 21 DAA or at the imago phase. Thus, botanical insecticide and SlNPV vegetable could increase effectiveness of resistant soybean in controlling the armyworms.

Analisis Daya Gabung Umum dan Daya Gabung Spesifik Galur Superior Jagung Provit-A HG, M. Yasin; Masâ€™ud, Syahrir; Faesal, Faesal
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The experiments were conducted to study the genetic yield potential of six inbred lines and to develop superior hybrid of Provit-A maize. A diallel cross combinations including parents were conducted at Maros experimental farm in two seasons of 2009. The first experiment was to generate diallel F1â€™s between inbred parents, followed by the evaluation of General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) among inbred lines. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with two replications, tested 21 genotypes consisting of six parents and 15 F1 crosses. Griffingâ€™s model II was applied without reciprocal crosses, and the data were analyzed using the MSTATC program. The second experiment was conducted from August to November 2009. The results indicated that GCA and SCA effects were significant. The best SCA was obtained from cross of KUI Carotenoid Syn-FS25-3-2-B-BxCML305-B-B (P4xP6) and from KUI Carotenoid Syn-FS25-3-2-B-BxCarotenoid Syn3-FS5-1-5-B-B (P4xP5). Mid parent heterosis (MPH) was 254% and 260% and yield was 11.0 t/ha. The best GCA was indicated by KUI Carotenoid Syn-FS25-3-2-B-B (P4).

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