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Kota banjarbaru,
Kalimantan selatan
INDONESIA
Naditira Widya
Published by Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan
ISSN : 14100932     EISSN : 25484125     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 545 Documents
 41   42   43   44   45 
AN ECO-MATERIAL CULTURAL STUDY ON BIRD TRAPS AMONG THE PALAWAN OF THE PHILIPPINES (STUDI BUDAYA EKOLOGI DAN MATERIAL PERANGKAP BURUNG PADA MASYARAKAT PALAWAN DI PULAU PALAWAN, FILIPINA) Takashi Tsuji
Naditira Widya Vol 13 No 1 (2019): NADITIRA WIDYA
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1411.372 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v13i1.323

Abstract

This study clarifies how eco-material culture is exemplified in bird traps and the use in the environment in terms of: 1) the ecological aspects and material culture of bird traps; 2) the practicality of trapping techniques; and 3) the relationships among bird traps, birds, and people from an ethno-archaeological viewpoint. The research target is the Palawan, an indigenous people of Palawan Island, the Philippines. The research methods are interviews and participant observation. The research suggests that current bird traps are made of plant materials with nylon for convenience, but plant materials remain fundamental. Further, since Palawan bird-trapping technology is unrefined, and as traps are sometimes unsuccessful, trapping is likely done for enjoyment and as a challenge. Thus, bird traps connect humans to nature, as reflected in the Palawan’s eco-material culture. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan perangkap burung yang menggunakan bahan-bahan dari tanaman dan penggunaannya di lingkungan, serta membahas tentang: 1) aspek budaya ekologi dan material dari perangkap burung; 2) teknologi perangkap burung; dan 3) hubungan antara burung, perangkap burung, dan manusia dari sudut pandang etnoarkeologi. Metode penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan observasi partisipan. Target penelitian adalah penduduk asli Pulau Palawan di Filipina. Penulis memastikan bahwa perangkap burung yang biasa digunakan pada masa kini dibuat dari bahan tanaman dan plastik nilon untuk kemudahan. Sementara itu, masyarakat Palawan masih menggunakan bahanbahan tanaman sebagai bahan utama dalam membuat perangkap burung, dan teknologi yang digunakan merupakan perkembangan dari metode perangkap tradisional. Tujuan masyarakat Palawan menggunakan perangkap bukan sematamata untuk menangkap burung, tetapi untuk menakut-nakutinya juga agar penduduk dapat hidup berdampingan dengan burung di lingkungannya. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkap burung merupakan alat yang digunakan oleh masyarakat setempat untuk hidup berdampingan dengan burung dan merefleksikan prinsip hidup masyarakat alami yang hidup berpusat pada budaya ekosistem dan material.
POTENSI TINGGALAN ARKEOLOGI DAN PARIWISATA DI KEPULAUAN SANGIHE, PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA (THE POTENCY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS AND TOURISM IN ISLAND SANGIHE, NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE) Dwi Kurnia Sandy; Natasha Devanand Dhanwani; Alem Putra Arma; Sandy Maulana Yusuf; Fuad Anshori; Sultan Kurnia Alam Bagagasyah; Muhammad Destrianto; Sheila Ayu Rachmadiena; Mahardika Budiansyah; Muslim Dimas Khoir; Fairus Aziz; Nurdin Nasir Gusfa; Arsyananda Rabbani
Naditira Widya Vol 13 No 1 (2019): NADITIRA WIDYA
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1620.666 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v13i1.325

Abstract

Sebagai daerah terdepan negara Indonesia, Sangihe menyajikan sumber daya arkeologi yang belum banyak diketahui masyarakat. Hal ini wajar karena para peneliti yang fokus pada kebudayaan jarang memperhatikan tinggalantinggalan arkeologis yang ditemukan di kawasan perbatasan. Tulisan ini memaparkan potensi tinggalan arkeologis di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe yang berada di kawasan utara Pulau Sulawesi yang berbatasan dengan kawasan selatan negara Filipina. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan arkeologis dengan mengkaji tinggalan-tinggalan bendawi seperti kapal karam, rumah kuno, makam, dan keramik kuno, serta didukung pendekatan etnohistoris yang menekankan pada data etnografi dan arsip sejarah. Penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyelaman di perairan Sangihe. Hasil penelitian adalah identifikasi dan deskripsi tinggalan arkeologis di kawasan kepulauan Sangihe yang menunjukkan kawasan tersebut adalah pintu gerbang utara dalam konteks penyebaran kebudayaan ke kepulauan Nusantara, serta pemanfaatan potensi tinggalan arkeologis untuk pariwisata. Selanjutnya, diharapkan bahwa hasil penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai referensi untuk penelitian-penelitian. As the frontier region of Indonesia, Sangihe presents archaeological resources that have not yet known by the public. Such circumstance is understandable since researchers who focus on culture rarely pay attention on archaeological remains discovered in the border regions. This paper describes the potential of archaeological remains in Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe on the northern region of Island Sulawesi that borders with the southern region of the Philippines. This research was conducted using an archaeological approach by examining material remains such as shipwrecks, ancient houses, tombs, and ancient ceramics, and supported by an ethnistorical approach emphasising on the study of ethnography and historical archives. This is an explorative research and data collection is carried out by diving in Sangihe waters. The results of this investigation are identifications and descriptions of archaeological remains in the Sangihe archipelago that suggest the region as the northern gate in the context of culture distribution into Nusantara, as well as the use of potential archaeological remains for tourism. Further, this present study is expected to be a reference for future projections.
TAMAN SÎMA PADA PRÂSÂDA DI GUNUNG HYANG (JAWA ABAD IX M) (SÎMA GARDEN IN A PRÂSÂDA ON GUNUNG HYANG (JAVA IN THE NINTH CENTURY)) Mimi Savitri
Naditira Widya Vol 13 No 1 (2019): NADITIRA WIDYA
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (21562.916 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v13i1.326

Abstract

Penelitian tentang taman dari masa Hindu-Buddha pada abad ke-9 Masehi selama ini belum banyak dilakukan. Hal ini karena jarang ditemukannya tinggalan arkeologis berupa taman dari masa tersebut. Namun, prasasti Jurungan berangka tahun 798 Saka (876 Masehi) membuktikan bahwa ada taman dari abad ke-9 Masehi dengan status sîma bagi prâsâda di Gunung Hyang. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk memahami karakterisktik taman di Jawa pada abad ke-9 Masehi dan hubungan taman sîma dengan prâsâda. Selain itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah melengkapi pengetahuan mengenai lanskap taman pada wilayah Mataram Hindu abad ke-9 Masehi dan merekonstruksi budaya masyarakat Jawa pada masa itu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah, dan dilakukan dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka dari buku-buku, laporan penelitian, artikel ilmiah, dan naskah kesastraan. Pembacaan prasasti Jurungan dilakukan secara langsung dan terhadap hasil alih aksara prasasti. Analisis prasasti didukung pula oleh pengamatan relief pada Candi Borobudur dan Prambanan, serta pengamatan lanskap taman Keraton Boko. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa taman sîma pada prasasti Jurungan memiliki unsur penting berupa tanaman dan air yang mendukung kelangsungan prâsâda sebagai bangunan suci di Gunung Hyang. Lebih lanjut, disebutkan pula tentang pemenuhan kebutuhan akan buah atau bunga persembahan untuk prâsâda ataupun kebutuhan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar yang mengelola prâsâda. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa taman sîma, prâsâda, dan Gunung Hyang secara konseptual merupakan lanskap sakral yang dibentuk menjadi satu kesatuan sebagai perwujudan konsep kosmologi masyarakat Hindu di Jawa pada abad ke-9 Masehi. Little researches on gardens from the ninth century Hindu-Buddhist period are conducted due to the few discoveries of archaeological remains that indicate gardens. However, the Jurungan inscription dated 798 Saka (876 CE) proves the existence of a garden from the ninth century with a status of sîma for a prâsâda on Gunung Hyang. The significance of this research is to understand the characteristics of a garden in Java during the ninth century and the relationship between a sîma garden and prâsâda. Additionally, the objective of this study is to obtain a comprehensive knowledge of a garden landscape in the ninth century Hindu Mataram region and reconstruct the culture of the Javanese society then. This study uses a historical approach, and data collection is carried out by literature studies from books, research reports, scientific articles, and literary texts. Reading the Jurungan inscription was conducted both from the script and its transliteration. The inscription analysis was also supported by a study of the reliefs on the temples Borobudur and Prambanan, as well as landscape observations of the Boko palace garden. Research results suggest that the sîma garden mentioned in the Jurungan inscription has important elements of plants and water that support the continuity of a prâsâda as a sacred structure on Gunung Hyang. Further, the inscription also mentioned about fulfilling the needs for fruit or flower offerings for the prâsâda or the economic demands of the surrounding communities who maintained the prâsâda. Conclusively, the research suggests the sîma garden, prâsâda, and Gunung Hyang are conceptually sacred landscapes that are formed into a single entity as a manifestation of the cosmological concept of Hindu society in Java during the ninth century.
ANALISIS STRUKTURAL PADA MUKHALINGGA DI NANGA SEPAUK, KABUPATEN SINTANG, KALIMANTAN BARAT (STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MUKHALINGGA IN SEPAUK, KABUPATEN SINTANG, WEST KALIMANTAN) Imam Hindarto
Naditira Widya Vol 13 No 1 (2019): NADITIRA WIDYA
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (19636.332 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v13i1.327

Abstract

Kebudayaan Hindu-Buddha di Nusantara mewariskan artefak-artefak arkeologi yang tersebar di seluruh pelosok kepulauan ini. Salah satu artefak tersebut berupa mukhalingga yang ditemukan di Nanga Sepauk, Kalimantan Barat. Mukhalingga mengandung simbol religi agama Hindu. Simbol tersebut dilatarbelakangi oleh struktur budaya masyarakat yang menciptakan artefak tersebut. Selama ini penelitian arkeologi terhadap mukhalingga membahas hanya kronologi budaya tanpa meneliti aspek struktur budayanya. Penelitian kali ini berupaya mengungkap struktur budaya yang melatarbelakangi pendirian mukhalingga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memahami sejarah budaya masyarakat masa lalu di Nanga Sepauk. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan analisis struktural. Analisis dilakukan dengan menguraikan aspek asosiatif dan paradigmatif mukhalingga. Hasil analisis struktural menunjukkan bahwa mukhalingga merupakan wujud dari tiga aspek, yaitu kekuatan Śiwa, siklus kehidupan, dan dualisme gagasan. Pada konteks sejarah budaya di Nanga Sepauk keberadaan mukhalingga menunjukkan adanya Śiwaisme, kultus dewarāja, dan keberadaan mandala. The Hindu-Buddhist culture in Nusantara bequeaths archaeological artefacts scattered throughout the archipelago. One of such artefacts is the mukhalingga found in Nanga Sepauk, West Kalimantan. A mukhalingga contains religious symbols of Hinduism which is formed by the cultural structure of a community who created the artefact. Until today, archaeological studies of mukhalingga discuss only its cultural chronology without examining the structural aspects of the culture. This research attempts to disclose the cultural structure underlying the establishment of a mukhalingga. The objective of this study is to understand the cultural history of the past in Nanga Sepauk. The research method used is qualitative with structural analysis. The analysis is carried out by breaking down the associative and paradigmative aspects of a mukhalingga. The results of structural analysis suggest that a mukhalingga is a manifestation three aspects, i.e. the power of Śiwa, life cycle, and dualism of ideas. Regarding the context of cultural history in Nanga Sepauk the existence of mukhalingga suggests the presence of Śiwaisme, dewarāja cult, and the mandalas.
GAMBAR CADAS Dl KABUPATEN BERAU: INFORMASI AWAL Bambang Sugiyanto
Naditira Widya Vol 1 No 2 (2007): Naditira Widya Vol. 1 No.2
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4238.252 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v1i1.338

Abstract

In addition to some rock arts sites found in Kalimantan Barat, there are some other rock art sites found recently in several caves, Kalimantan Timur such as in Jufri cave, Te 'et cave, Tewet cave, Tengkorak cave, lias Kenceng cave, Ham cave, Tembus cave, Tebok cave, and Tamrin cave. This article describes several varieties of rock art motif found in both regions and also some administrative problems accidentally faced by my team before archaeological survey was carried out in Kutai Timur District. The purpose is to share this experience with other research teams to prevent uncomfortable experience in the future.
PAKAIAN DAN KAIN (JENIS, BAHAN PEMBUAT, DAN PEWARNA) PADA KERAJAAN MATARAM KUNA PERIODE JAWA TENGAH ABAD IX-X M Hari Setyawan
Naditira Widya Vol 1 No 2 (2007): Naditira Widya Vol. 1 No.2
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (12750.93 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v1i1.339

Abstract

Cloth varieties has been known in Mataram Kingdom since IX-X century AD. Some evidences for clothes varieties can be found in several ancient Javanese inscriptions, ancient Kakawin, Chinesesource, or temple relief. This paper presents cloth varieties, different professions in cloth making, varieties of plant for colouring cloth and fibre used. The results of recent research about varieties of plant species as sources of fibre for making cloth and substances used in colouring process are good comparation data to support interpretation.
KEDUDUKAN DAN PEMUJAAN BRAHMA PADA JAMAN HINDHU T.M. Rita lstari
Naditira Widya Vol 1 No 2 (2007): Naditira Widya Vol. 1 No.2
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5698.557 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v1i1.340

Abstract

Hindu perceives art having essential role in worship art is one of human means to express ideas of one's belief. Neverteless, art also has educational value to be embedded upon its community's mind set. This article will discoss the role of Brahma and Brahma Worshipping in lndgnesia during the to Indies Influence.
MARTAPURA KOTA INTAN; MARTAPURA DARUSSALAM nfn Sunarningsih
Naditira Widya Vol 1 No 2 (2007): Naditira Widya Vol. 1 No.2
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5826.986 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v1i1.341

Abstract

Martapura is well known as the city of diamond. This image is far from the real role in the past. Martapura's role as the capital of Banjar Kingdom is over. Nevertheless, some archaeological remain scatter in the town can be seen and they are important and interesting objects to study and probably to revitalise.
UPACARA TUTURANGI DI BUTON, SULAWESITENGGARA: IMPLEMENTASI DIMENSI SOSIAL DAN KULTURAL Fatmawaty Umar
Naditira Widya Vol 1 No 2 (2007): Naditira Widya Vol. 1 No.2
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (10322.633 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v1i1.342

Abstract

The Dictrict of Buton has been well known since 13 lh century; the real buton is mentioned in Negara Kertagama Codex I Scrip along with other distticts such as Luwu, Selayar bantayan and Makasssar. Various archaeological data such as fortresses and ceramics show that Buton has an important role in its relationship with other districts. Around its 16 lh century, Buton have marked its existence. When Islamic influence began to spread in Buton region, many sectors especially commerce began to grow. The existence of Buton as an empire was strengthened by the presence of a number of fortresses which reflected the increasing of economics, exploiting of space, and technology progress. Besides these facts buton still hold ancestor-tradition retvist i.e. ceremony the Tuturangi: to commermorate war event, which its main purpose is, self retrospection and remembering the service of emperors. Hance, this study will discuss etnoarchaeological aspects in the effort to comprehend reconstruction of the way of livings of old societies.
ERONG: SALAH SATU BENTUK WADAH KUBUR Dl TANA TORAJA SULAWESI SELATAN Bernadeta AK W
Naditira Widya Vol 1 No 2 (2007): Naditira Widya Vol. 1 No.2
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Kalimantan Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (11455.319 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/nw.v1i1.343

Abstract

Mortuary repository is one of the essential parts of mortuary system in Tan a Toraja, which is still one of the subject interests of archaeological and anthropological studies. The mortuary system of the Torajanese is the prime traditional system, which is sustained from the past. This article focuses on wooden mortuary repositories, the erong, which are stored in small caves or rock shelters in South Sulawesi. Erong has been used by the Aluk Todolo adherents in commemorating their ancestors until today. In regard with geographical preferences it will further discusses spatial location of disposing the erong.

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