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Civil Engineering Dimension

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Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya

ISSN : 14109530 EISSN : 1979570X DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

The Civil Engineering Dimension (Dimensi Teknik Sipil) is a refereed journal, published twice a year, in March and September.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 466 Documents

37 38 39 40 41

Experimental Investigation on the Failure Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Strengthened Reinforced Concrete T-beams Junaedi Utomo; Muhammad Nur Khusyeni; Windu Partono; Ay Lie Han; Buntara S. Gan
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 23 No. 2 (2021): SEPTEMBER 2021
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) are widely used as external concrete reinforcement. The behavior of T-beams strengthened in shear and flexure using CFRP sheets and plates was studied to analyze the load carrying capacity and failure mode as compared to conventional concrete members. The bonding response of the plate-to-concrete was investigated by comparing a specimen with a plate anchored at the far ends, one without anchoring. The sheets were in situ wet lay-up, the plate was pre-impregnated and pultruded during manufacturing. The test result suggested that this integrated strengthening method notably improved the load-carrying capacity, it was also demonstrated that anchoring had a positive but insignificant effect on the moment capacity and deformation. The influence of anchoring was noteworthy from the point of view that it shifted the failure mode from debonding to CFRP plate rupture. The most important factors influencing the behavior of CFRP strengthened beams are outlined.

Performance of Six- and Ten-story Reinforced Concrete Buildings Designed by using Modified Partial Capacity Design (M-PCD) Method with 70% Shear Force Ratio Pamuda Pudjisuryadi; F. Wijaya; R. Tanuwijaya; B.C. Prasetyo; Benjamin Lumantarna
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 23 No. 2 (2021): SEPTEMBER 2021
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

One design alternative of earthquake resistant building is Partial Capacity Design (PCD) method. Unlike the commonly used capacity design method, PCD allows a safe failure mechanism which is called partial sidesway mechanism. In this mechanism, all beams and some columns are allowed to experience plastic damages while some selected columns are designed to remain elastic (called elastic columns). A new approach to predict the required strengths needed to design each structural member, called modified-PCD (M-PCD) is proposed. In this research six- and ten-story reinforced concrete buildings were designed using M-PCD, and their seismic performances are investigated. The base shear force resisted by the elastic columns was set to approximately 70% of the total base shear. Both nonlinear static procedure (NSP) and nonlinear dynamic procedure (NDP) are used to analyze the structures. The results show that the expected partial side sway mechanism is observed, and the drifts of the buildings are acceptable.

Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Beams Karen Chong; Benny Suryanto; Asdam Tambusay; Priyo Suprobo
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

To decarbonise the current construction sector and meet the global net-zero target, there is a pressing need to develop an environmentally friendly alternative to Portland cement concrete. Alkali activated and geopolymer concrete have much to offer in this regard. At present, however, there is limited study on the behaviours of alkali activated structural members, particularly on flexural members, which encompass most practical design situations. This paper presents a database of 37 tests on slender alkali activated and geopolymer concrete beams available in the literature, with the aim to investigate the flexural strengths of this alternative concrete when used as a structural member. In addition, the results of nonlinear finite element analyses on fourteen reinforced geopolymer concrete beams are presented to highlight key influencing factors governing the behaviour and failure of flexural members. Of particular interest is to study the influence of reinforcement ratio, compressive strength, and material brittleness on the overall strength and ductility. Overall, it is shown that the flexural response of geopolymer concrete beams under short-term loading is comparable to that of ordinary reinforced concrete beams.

Optimization of Water Distribution in Pagerwojo District Tulungagung, Indonesia, using Linear Programming Model Ratih Indri Hapsari; Akhmad Suryadi; Affan Nurun Tajalla
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Optimization approaches has been utilized in solving complex water service problems. This study attempts to determine the optimal distribution system for clean water pipelines by applying linear programming method which enables the determination of the optimal and most affordable solution under all constraints. The decision variable was the water quantity allocated to the system. The piping investment, operational and maintenance costs in present value with 4% interest were calculated to obtain the water unit price. The allocated water should meet the requirements within a dependable discharge. The study was conducted in Pagerwojo District, Tulungagung Regency, Indonesia, grouped into three transmission lines with 106 l/s demand. There are three sources of fresh water, namely Song River, Klantur River, and Gondang Spring. The analysis reveals that the minimum cost was Rp456,679,296/month. Linear programming method is proven useful for determining the allocation of clean water in the most cost-efficient manner.

Locking-free Kriging-based Timoshenko Beam Elements using an Improved Implementation of the Discrete Shear Gap Technique Wong Foek Tjong; Stevanus W. Santoso; Mellyssa Sutrisno
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Kriging-based finite element method (K-FEM) is an enhancement of the conventional finite element method using a Kriging interpolation as the trial solution in place of a polynomial function. In the application of the K-FEM to the Timoshenko beam model, the discrete shear gap (DSG) technique has been employed to overcome the shear locking difficulty. However, the applied DSG was only effective for the Kriging-based beam element with a cubic basis and three element-layer domain of influencing nodes. Therefore, this research examines a modified implementation of the DSG by changing the substitute DSG field from the Kriging-based interpolation to linear interpolation of the shear gaps at the element nodes. The results show that the improved elements of any polynomial degree are free from shear locking. Furthermore, the results of beam deflection, cross-section rotation, and bending moment are very accurate, while the shear force field is piecewise constant.

Layout, Topology, and Size Optimization of Steel Frame Design Using Metaheuristic Algorithms: A Comparative Study Doddy Prayogo; Hasan Santoso; Franky Budiman; Marcellino Jason
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Determining the topology, layout, and size of structural elements is one of the most important aspects in designing steel seismic-resistant structures. Optimization of these parameters is beneficial to find the lightest weight of the structure, thus reducing construction cost. This study compares the performance of three metaheuristic algorithms, namely, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS), and Differential Evolution (DE). Three study cases are used in order to find the lightest structural weight without violating constraints based on SNI 1726:2019, SNI 1729:2020, and SNI 7860:2020. The results of this study show that SOS has better performance than other algorithms.

Structural Systems Comparison of Simply Supported PSC Box Girder Bridge Equipped with Elastomeric Rubber Bearing and Lead Rubber Bearing Alvin Kurniawan Santoso; Djoko Sulistyo; Ali Awaludin; Angga Fajar Setiawan; Iman Satyarno; Sidiq Purnomo; Ignatius Harry
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

This study compares the influence of elastomeric rubber bearing (ERB) as the regular bearing support and lead rubber bearing (LRB) as the seismic isolation device on the seismic performance of a seven-span simply supported prestressed concrete (PSC) box girder bridge, which was analyzed using nonlinear time history analysis (NLTHA) with the OpenSees software. The results showed that the maximum pier responses and damage were smaller in models with LRB than with ERB. The bridge model using ERB occurred the slightest damage at levels II, while the one using LRB was at levels I. In addition, the highest seismic performance level in the model with ERB was at the operational limit. Meanwhile, the seismic performance in the model with LRB was at the fully operational limit. Thus, LRB was a good preference for improving the seismic performance and mitigating the damage due to the seismic excitation with a slender pier.

Application of Modified-Partial Capacity Design Method on 6- and 15-story Square Buildings with Variation in number of Elastic Columns Pamuda Pudjisuryadi; Benjamin Lumantarna; Fransisca Wijaya; C. Aphrodita; A. Jesica; Y. Karyanto; M.K. Theodora
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Modified-Partial Capacity Design (M-PCD) is proposed as one alternative of structural design methods. In M-PCD, the partial side sway mechanism where beams and some columns may develop plastic hinges. This method uses two structural models during the design process. The models are used to simulate undamaged and damaged structures when subjected to design earthquake (R=8.0) and larger target earthquake (R=1.6) respectively. In this study, 6- and 15-story square buildings with 30% and 50% elastic column are designed using M-PCD. Performances of the buildings are investigated by using non-linear time history analysis. Results show that the buildings’ performances are still unsatisfactory, especially for the 15-story buildings. However, it should be noted that the levels of earthquakes used for the analysis were larger than that used for the design. A more accurate prediction of the required strength should be developed further to improve M-PCD.

The Using of GIS to Delineate the Liquefaction Susceptibility Zones at Yogyakarta International Airport Nicholas Hartono; Teuku Faisal Fathani
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Spatial analysis is performed to delineate liquefaction susceptibility zones at Yogyakarta International Airport(YIA). The low to medium cohesionless soil consistency is predominantly observed on the upper subsoil. A shallow groundwater level and low fines content have also enlarged the likelihood of earthquake-induced liquefaction. An SPT based liquefaction triggering procedure is adopted in this study to indicate the Factor of Safety (FoS) whereas the Liquefaction Severity Index (LSI) is used to measure the severity of liquefaction by presuming its manifestation. Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation in QGIS is chosen to produce a map with 50 m × 50 m grid size. The analysis results show the YIA’s area is prone to undergo liquefaction at various depths. However, thin liquefied layers may not generate sufficient artesian flow pressure to eject water or sand. The LSI analysis concludes that YIA area is categorized as a non-liquefied to moderate severity where the West side is the governing area

Deep Well Injection Induced Seismicity Dario Rosidi
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Injection of fluid into subsurface geologic strata for geothermal energy, oil production, and waste disposal has been linked to induced seismic activity in the United States as well as in several other countries. According to the report of the National Research Council of United States of America thousands of induced earthquakes were reported at the numerous sites, where oil and gas recovery and waste disposal activities took place. Most of these induced earthquakes were small magnitude events (Moment Magnitude [Mw] < 4), although earthquakes of magnitude (Mw) 6.5 to 7 were also reported near the oil and gas production sites. This paper presents the results of a review of case histories on increased seismic events due to deep well injection (DWI) and oil extraction. Key factors that may lead or contribute to increased seismicity will also be discussed.

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