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Civil Engineering Journal

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Published by C.E.J Publishing Group

ISSN : 24763055 EISSN : 24763055 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.

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Articles 1,752 Documents

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Comparison Study of CBFs and EBFs Bracing in Steel Structures with Nonlinear Time History Analysis Yaseer Khademi; Mehdi Rezaie
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 11 (2017): November
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Steel concentrically braced frames (CBFs) and Steel eccentricity braced frames (EBFs) are frequently used as efficient lateral load resisting systems to resist earthquake and wind loads. This paper focuses on high seismic applications where the brace members in CBFs and EBFs dissipate energy through repeated cycles of buckling and yielding. The present study evaluates in detail the design philosophies and provisions used in the United States for these systems. The results of a total of 176 analysis of nonlinear history of seismic behavior of CBFs and EBFs braces have been presented. Notable differences are observed between the performances of the CBFs and EBFs designed using American provisions. The similarities and differences are thoroughly discussed.

Numerical Simulation of Impulsive Water Waves Generated by Subaerial and Submerged Landslides Incidents in Dam Reservoirs Vafa Khoolosi; Sedat Kabdaşli
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2, No 10 (2016): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The water wave generation by a freely falling rigid body is examined in this paper. Landslides on the margins of dam reservoirs may generate large waves that can produce flooding over the banks or overtopping the dam crest. In the present investigation, landslide generated waves are studied using a numerical model based on Navier-Stokes equations. Impulse wave amplitude, period, energy is studied in this work. The effects of bed slope angle on energy conversion from slide into wave are also investigated, and the numerical model we used in this study is the full three dimensional commercial code Flow-3D. Results of the Navier-Stokes model show that waves generated are highly dependent upon the details of slide mechanism and kinematics. Numerical solutions for the velocity fields, pressure distributions, and turbulence intensities in the vicinity of the falling rigid body are also presented. Results show that the general pattern of wave in all cases is the same but the amplitude and period are different. Data analysis shows that the maximum wave crest amplitude in subaerial induced waves is strongly affected by bed slope angle, landslide impact velocity, thickness, kinematics and deformation and by landslide shape.

Effects of Aspect Ratio and Plate Thickness on the Behavior of Unstiffened Steel-Plate Shear Walls with Pinned and Rigid Connections Rahim Abdi; Nader Abdoli Yazdi
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 6 (2018): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Unstiffened steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) have been in use mostly in recent years. In this numerical study, the buckling behavior of a single-storey single-bay unstiffened SPSW with two pinned and rigid beam-column connections under lateral loading is investigated. The SPSW had different wall aspect ratios (L/h=1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3) and infill plate thicknesses (tw= 3, 5, and 7 mm). Their effect on the buckling behavior of SPSW was examined using buckling analysis in ABAQUS software. Results indicated that with the increase of infill plate thickness, the lateral resistance of unstiffened SPSW system increases, but by increasing wall aspect ratio, its resistance decreases. In both connection designs, the model with L/h=1 (square-shaped model) showed better ductility and higher stiffness and strength in all three thicknesses. Maximum shear stress responses of SPSW models showed that in pinned design with L/h=1, the most change in shear stress values was 8% when infill plate thickness reached from 5 to 7 mm; while for rigid connection, it was reported as 7% when it increased from 3 to 5 mm. This indicates that in rigid connection, increasing the infill plate thickness has less effect on the increase of lateral resistance. By examining the performance of rigid and pinned beam-to-column connections with different wall aspect ratio and infill plate thickness, it was found out that maximum shear stress in rigid connection increased by 11% compared to pin connection. It was concluded that an optimum unstiffened SPSW model had a wall aspect ratio of 1 and infill plate thickness of 7 mm.

Testing a Measurement Model of BIM Potential Benefits in Iraqi Construction Projects Wadhah Amer Hatem; Abbas Mahde Abd; Nagham Nawwar Abbas
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 12 (2017): December
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an integrated and comprehensive system for all that related to the construction project, which includes a set of effective policies, procedures, and computer applications that increase the performance of the project during its life cycle. The objective of this research develops a clear concept about the BIM adoption in Iraq through investigating potential benefits that can be obtained through its application in construction projects also build a measurement model for these benefits. The research methodology was based on quantitative approach which adopted by conducting a questionnaire directed to professionals in the field of construction projects in the public and private sectors supported by personal interviews with respondents either individually or in groups. Three hundred copies of the forms were distributed to the companies, firms and engineering departments of the various ministries of the state. After the data was obtained, two software (SPSS and SmartPLS) was used for analyzing the data and constructing the measurement model. The results showed of all the benefits constructed within three key components. The first is knowledge support for management in term of (costs, data, processes), the second is effective design performance and the third is effective construction performance and all these components were modeled as a measurement model.

Seismic Response Reduction of Steel MRF Using SMA Equipped Innovated Low-damage Column Foundation Connection Reza Jamalpour; Masood Nekooei; Abdolreza Sarvghad Moghadam
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 1 (2017): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Connections in MRFs are the most important members and seismic behaviour is affected by function of beam column connections as well as column foundation connections. If the connections are able to provide the required ductility and efficiency against the seismic excitation, the seismic capacity of the MRF performed by these connections will be affected. SMAs have recently been used as a tool to dissipate energy in structures. So far, using of them for column foundation connections has been applied much less. In this paper, SMAs have been introduced and an innovated column foundation connection equipped with SMA has been suggested. Micro and macro behaviour of the connection has been studied and it was applied in sample MRF. Seismic response of the MRF under different earthquakes by equipping the connection with steels/SMAs bars have been studied and compared. Finally, results indicated that MRF with this connection showed proper seismic performance.

Application of HBIM as a Research Tool for Historical Building Assessment Dina Stober; Roko Žarnić; Davorin Penava; Margareta Turkalj Podmanicki; Romana Virgej-Đurašević
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 7 (2018): July
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The benefits and challenges posed by Building Information Modelling in documenting the existing buildings comes from the development of the digital support to the needs, compatibility and interoperability of applied technologies and at the same time of the available knowledge and skills to use a wide range of necessary technologies. Within the scope of Heritage Building Information Modelling, the use of 3D views has become a common practice, often hindered by complex geometry and layered time changes of constructive systems. Implementation of BIM for heritage buildings is developed through the procedures of designing parametric objects and selecting compatible technologies to create a rich information model. The paper presents the application of the 3D BIM approach in researching, documenting and interpreting the historic building of the baroque Palace of the Slavonian General Command in the historic core of Osijek, Croatia. Applied recording technologies, laser scanning, and thermal scanning, as support for HBIM, have been chosen according to selective research goals of the Palace of the Slavonian General Command. The method of simulating non-existent constructive elements from assumptions and analogies is presented as the preceding procedure of creating a HBIM library that opens the possibility of the broader dissemination of information on the explored heritage. The results point to the advantages of the model building approach for valorisation and interpretation of constructive changes over time, through the modelling logic, closely relating to the logic of construction.

A Comparative Study between Pseudo-static and Dynamic Analyses on Rock Wedge Stability of an Arch Dam Hasan Mostafaei; Morteza Sohrabi Gilani; Mohsen Ghaemian
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2018): January
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

In this study, the abutment stability of arch dams for two cases of pseudo-static and dynamic methods were compared based on limit state equilibrium method. For the pseudo-static approach, unit accelerations were applied to the model in three directions for calculating thrust forces. For dynamic analysis, three components of ground acceleration time histories of Kobe earthquake, 1979 were applied to the finite element model of dam-foundation-reservoir, and the thrust forces were obtained. The effect of reduction factors in pseudo-static analysis is investigated in order to obtain the reduction factor that corresponds to wedge movement in dynamic analysis. For this purpose, the reduction factors have been increased from 0.5 to 1. The obtained results indicate that pseudo-static results are more conservative than the dynamic analysis method for small reduction factors and the reduction factor plays a key role on the abutment stability analysis.

Slope Remediation Techniques and Overview of Landslide Risk Management Danish Kazmi; Sadaf Qasim; I.S.H Harahap; Syed Baharom; Mudassir Mehmood; Fahad Irfan Siddiqui; Muhammad Imran
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2017): March
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Slope failures are common in many parts of the world which occur due to manifold reasons and they result in huge losses to the respective locals. This study evaluates the initiatives that can enhance the safety of slope by considering the remedial measures to deal with the factors causing slope instability and discusses the application of risk management strategies to address the problems that can cause the slope to fail. The methods for the remediation of slope include modification in slope geometry, drainage, use of retaining structures and internal slope reinforcement. This study also discusses the risk management process which is a hierarchical procedure that includes assessment and control of risk through different techniques in order to manage the uncertainties associated with the slope. It has been observed that the implementation of risk management strategy aids in the proper identification of risk and its severity which dictates the selection of appropriate remedial measure for the rectification of slope. For reducing the number of landslides, this study suggests the use of risk based strategies to curtail the chances of slope failure.

Improving Building Longevity, Adaptability, and Sustainability: Examination of Multi-Unit Residential Building Regulations in Taiwan Yi-kai Juan; Yu-Ching Cheng
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2018): February
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Effectively enhancing buildings’ adaptability, extending their service lives, and reducing construction wastes has become a crucial issue in the construction industry. As the transformation of the socio-economic structure and diversification of user demands has grown, occupants in residence may have various needs in different stages, rethinking a sustainable and flexible living space has received substantial focus. “Open building (OB)” is an innovative method to accommodate various changeable occupant spaces, decrease the waste caused by space adjustment and reduce maintenance costs. Although the concept of OB is beneficial for sustainable built environments, the promotion of OB in Taiwan is constrained. One of the obstacles is that the OB approach is partly in conflict with the current building regulations. Without legally developed policies, developers are reluctant to supply OB housing in the market; occupants are unwilling to take the risk of implementing OB approaches in renovation. This study applied a Kano two-dimensional quality model to classify and prioritize OB regulation suggestions proposed by experts in Taiwan. A series of forums and interviews were conducted to develop OB regulations. Barriers and challenges will be discussed for further OB development that can be applied to improve building longevity, adaptability, and sustainability.

Influence of Parameters the Wall on Reinforced Soil Segmental Walls Baaziz Salah Eddine; Mellas Mekki
Civil Engineering Journal Vol 3, No 6 (2017): June
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

The behaviour of retaining walls in geosynthetic reinforced soil is complex and requires studies and research to understand the mechanisms of rupture, the behaviour of the reinforcements in the soil and the behaviour of the main elements of the system: reinforcement-wall-soil. Several researches have been done on the use of geosynthetics as backfill massive reinforcement material (experimental studies, numerical analysis, reduced models ...). This parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of numerical parameters of the wall which confront us in the projects, on the behaviour of walls on reinforced soil segmental walls. A 3.6m high wall is composed of modular blocks of earth sand reinforced with four geogrids layers was modelled. The properties of materials, the wall geometry, and the boundary conditions will be explained later. The finite difference computer program FLAC3D was used in this study. The results of this numerical study allowed to deduce the importance of each parameter of the wall selected for the behaviour of retaining walls in soil reinforced by geogrid. The inclination of wall "W" is of great importance for the calculation of retaining walls in modular blocks and can provide an important contribution to the horizontal balance of this type walls. The value of lateral displacements of the facing tends to continuously decrease with the increase of "W". More the wall is inclined plus the horizontal stresses behind the wall and values of the tensile stress in the layers of geogrid "T" decrease in an expressive manner. The dimensions of modular blocks (types) and the mechanical characteristics of modular blocks (category) have a remarkable effect on the calculation of retaining walls in modular blocks reinforced with layers of geogrid.

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