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Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08532788 EISSN : 25277669 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles 10 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)" : 10 Documents clear

PENGARUH PEMANASAN BIJI KACANG Pisum sativum L var. "Belinda" DENGAN SINAR INFRA MERAH TERHADAP NILAI DAYA CERNA DAN ENERGI METABOLISME NITROGEN TERKOREKSI PACA AYAM Patuan L.P. Siagian
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Legume seed of peas (Pisum sativum) was radiated by infrared of 2450 MHz for 0, 80 and 100 seconds in a gas-type experimental radiator. Three levels of initial seed moisture content (13%, 17%, and 21%) was regulated by the moistening double-spiral mixer. The apparent digestibility of the nutrients of the treated seeds was evaluated using 96 five-week old male chicks of LSL-Brown in a full automatically adjustable climate conditioned room.The results of this experiment showed a Significant increase of nutrient digestibility of the peas by infra-red treatment; p 0.01 for fat, p 0,001 for dry matter, organic matter, starch, and nitrogenfree extract. The exposure time to infra-red treatment/or lOa seconds (seed temperature 0f 115 °C) increased limiting amino acids digestibility, namely lysine from 84.51% to 91.47%, threonine from 73.24% to 81.37%. and methionine from 61.20% to 77.70%.

KECENDERUNGAN PENGEMBANGAN SURFAKTAN . Penggunaan bahan dasar karbohidrat Syahrul Aiman
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Pembuatan dan Karakteristik Serbuk Piezoelektrik Pb(Zr,Ti)03 tanpa subtitusi dan dengan Nb substitusi Silvester Tursiloadi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The characteristics of chemically prepared piezoelectric PZT and doped PZT with niobium (PNZT) were investigated. PZT 55/45, both unmodified and doped with Nb2O5 were prepared by the hydrolysis of metal alkoxides and solid state reaction from PbO, ZrO, and TiO,. The average particle size was 0.45 um. X-ray diffraction results indicated that transformation of the amorphous precipitate be came well crystallized PZT after heating at 500 °C for 6 hours. DTA results suggested theformation of an intermediate PbTiO3 phase at 490 °C. Using X-ray diffractton can be investigated occurring of both tetragonal and rombohedral ferroelectric PZT phases. That case depends on the initial mixing of chemical composition. The PZT powders which prepared from alkoxides were agglomerated easly at low temperature calcining. Poor sintered bodies will he resulted it was calcinated above 600°C. Powders calcined at 500 °C for 6 hours and sintered at 1200 °C produced high body densities approaching 95% of theoretical density.The experimental results suggest that intimate mixing of constit uents during the hdrolyt ic decomposition produces a homogeneous powder. However, differences in the rate hydrolysis or polymerization of the respective metal alkoxides fend to couse the stoichiometric results difficult to be found.

ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF FLOC-PRODUCING MICROORGANISMS Milono Poesponegoro; Roy Heru Trisnamurti
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

All of the aerobic biological wastewater treatmenr systems depend upon the flocculation of the microorganisms and their separation from the liquid phase for complete stabilization. Therefore, aside from the metabolic characteristics of the microorganisms, the most important characteristic is their ability to flocculate.A study on the sludge .flocculation, isolation and screening of floc-producing microorganisms for biological wastewater treatment processes has been carried out. Microrganisms were olated from activated sludges obtained from local food industries. It was found that biofl occul ation of sludge was affected by the type and concentration of carbonaceous substrate. The substrates used were glucose, acetate and starch, at four levels of concentration, i.e. 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 25.0g/l. The activated sludge (Sludge-I) found better in bioflocculation than ther two sludge tested (Sludge-C and Sludge-K) was used for this purpose. The results showed that the Sludge-I gave better bioflocculation either on glucose or starch at a concentration of 1.0g/l than on acetate and other concentrations tested.The isolates (27 strains) obtainedfrom the activated sludge were then screened for their ability to flocculate and their acitivity in organic degradation. It showed that some of them produced good biofloc and gave high percentage of COD removal (more than 80%). The screening was carried out using shake-flask culture technique at 30°C for 10 days. Out of 27 strains tested, Strain-Ivb and Strain-Ivk were found suitable as inoculum candidates for the biological wastewater treatment since they produced granular floc which flocculated readily and gave high percentage of COD removal, around 85%, after 10 days of incubation. Tentatively both lsolate-Ivb and Isolate-Ivk have been identified as Candida sp.It was revealed that Strain-lvb and Str ain-Ivk gave better bioflocculation and percentage of COD removal, compared to 3 lands commercial inoculum tested. The commercial inocula produced pin-point floc with percentage of COD removal of 86 - 92%, while Strain-Ivb and Strain-Ivk produced granular floc with percentage of COD removal of 94% and 93% respectively. The results of study shows that continuous biological treatment of artificial wastewater containing starch (400 mg/l) using strainlvb gave percentage of COD removal of 77 - 96% (average value = 87%) at hydraulic retention time of 13 - 25 hrS (average value= 18 hrs); while strain-lvk gave percentage of COD removal of 84 - 95% (average value= 92%) at hydraulic retention time of 8 - 16 hrs (average value= 12 hrs). Both strains formed biofloc which settled readily.

Studi Kimia Tumbuhan Obat Tradisional Indonesia (1) ELUSIDASI STRUKTUR KIMIA TUMBUHAN "SONGA", Strychnos ligustrida BI. (Loganiaceae) Partomuan Simanjuntak; Titik K. Prana
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v8i1-2.203

The plant of Strychnos species were known as a resource of alkaloid compounds. One of them close to Strychnos ligustrida Bl. which its local name known as "Songa" was collected from Nusa Tenggara Barat, Bima area, and evaluated for their chemical constituents.Results of chemical studies on this plant constituents indicated that two out of several components, colobrine N-oxide and strychnine N-oxide alkaloids have been succesfully isolated and identified.Determination of chemical structure of the alkaloid was conducted by analyzing their spectra of infrared, Nuclear magnetic resonances (one and two) dimensional NMR such as IH-IH COSY, 13C-1H COSY, COLOC and mass spectrometry.

EFFECT OF OZONIZATION ON COD AND BOD5 VALUES OF WASTEWATER FROM DETERGENT MANUFACTURER Adi Mulyanto; Neni Sintawardani
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The aim of this experiments were to examine the effect of ozonizotion on COD and BOD5 value of wastewater from a detergent manufacturer and to put forward the efficiency of COD and BOD5 removal as a function of the ozonization. It has been known that the detergent industry produces wastewater with high concentration of both COD and BOD5. The observation showed that the ozonization alone was not a practical approachfor COD and BOD5 removal. However, the role of ozonization as a preliminary process before the biological one seems to be significant.

ELUSIDASI STRUKTUR MOLEKUL UK-3, UK-4 DAN UK-5, SENYAWA BIOAKTIF DARI Streptomyces sp. 517-02. Muhammad Hanafi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v8i1-2.204

New potential antifungal antibiotics UK-2A, B, C and D were elucidated as nine membered dilactone derivatives, isolated from mycelial cake of an actinomycete strain 517-02. In the continuation of a screening program in order to discover other useful bioactive metabolites from the same microbial sources, a novel UK-3 and two known compounds of UK-4 and UK-5 have been isolated.The molecular structure of UK-3 was very similar to UK-2A, except thai UK-3 did not have any methoxy group (-OCH3) on pyridine at ('-4'. UK-4 and UK-5 were identified as kown compounds of isocoumarine. These structures were elucidated based on their spectral and chemical evidence.Biological activity assay, demonstrated that UK-3 was active as against to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger dan Neurosporo sitophila and inhibited growth of cancer cell, P-388, B-16, KB and COLO-201.

FERMENTASI NIRA SORGUM MANIS MENJADI ETANOL (ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION OF SWEET SORGHUM JUICE) Aris Toharisman; Hendro Santoso
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Sweet sorghum juice about 11-16% of total sugar, and so it could be potentially fermenled to produce ethanol. The concentrated juices were used as media for ethanol production in batch culture using Saccharomyces cerevisiae R5 at 30°C and pH 4.5. The ethanol yield (Yp/s ) and volumetric productivity during 48 hours of fermentation lime with 20.08%(x/v) initial sugar contents were 0.44 g.g-1 and O.18 g.1-1.h-1,respectively.Keywords : Alcholic fermentation, sweet sorghum juices, cane molasses, S. cerevisiae, and batch culture.

PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PAKAN AYAM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ENZIM : Pengaruh enzim terhadap nilai daya cerna, neraca nitrogen dan neraca energi. Patuan L.P. Siagian
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

In order to improve the feed quality, enzyme preparatories were added to the diets, wich all of the main components were plant origin. Five treatments in a completely randomized design were 9 fold replicaed, namely: 1. Diet without enzyme addition (control), 2. (-glucanose added to the diet), 3. Hemicellulase added to the diet, 4. Cellulase added to the diet, 5. (-glucanase, hemicellulase and cellulase added to the diet. To ascertain the digestibility of the nutrients of the treated diets, a total of 90 male chicks of LSLBrown were selected and kept in a climate conditioned room (temperature 22 °C, relative humidity 65-70 %, lighting 24 hours per day of 20-25 Lux).The results of this experiment showed that the addition of the enzyme to the diet effected Significantly the digestibility of the fat (p 0,001),ash (p . 0,05) and sugar (p 0,05). The addition of combined (-glucanase, hemicellul ase, and cellulase to the diet improved feed conversion ratio of 9, 7 % compared to the control. The nitrogen effictenoy ratio and anergi efficiency ratio were also significantly better (p O,05), each of 9.8 % and ll.8 %.

BIOFLOKULASI MIKROORGANISME DAN PERANANNYA DALAM PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH SECARA BIOLOGI Milono Poesponegoro
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1-2 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jkti.v8i1-2.210

Bioflocculation is a direct result of the ability of the microorganims to agglomerate into large flocs with a high settling velocity, and is an important phenomenon often encountered in the biological treatment of wastewater. Bioflocculation is also very important in determining the dewatering characteristics of a sludge.The key 10 the successful operation of biological-oxidation units is the maintenance of adequate nutrients, microorganisms, and a favourable environment for the organisms to grow and utilize the organic matter. Although algae, bacteria, fungi and protozoa are introduced into the activated sludge, bacteria usually dominant as the primary feeders on the organic waste. The dominant bacteria of the sludge must satisfy two conditions: they must be able to utilize the organic waste and also be capable of readily forming flocs to facilitate separation from eflluent and thereby ensure their retention in the system. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the proper environment is produced and effectively controlled to pave the dominant growth of flocforming bacteria in the system so that the settling characteristics of the sludge obtained are good.Flocculation of discrete microbial cells can either be biologically (bioflocoulation) or chemically induced (chemical flocculation). There seems to be general agreement that bioflocculation of microorganisms was observed to follow mechanism similar to those observed in the chemical flocculation of microorganisms. A review on the bioflocculation of microorganisms in relationship to aerobic wastewater treatment proces and to cultural and microbial growth conditions is presented. The bioflocculation mechanism is also discussed and summarized.

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