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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 08531629     EISSN : 08531629     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 24, No 2 (2007)" : 7 Documents clear
Pemacuan Pembungaan Tanaman Lengkeng (Euphoria longana Lam.) untuk Produksi Buah di Luar Musim Theresia Prawitasari; Aris Munandar; Mursal Mursal
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.2.256

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to analyze the effect of paclobutrazol and ethepon in substituting climate factors effect in flowering and fruiting processes of longan, to determine the application way and dozes of paclobutrazol, as well as the timing of ethepon application after paclobutrazol to stimulate ‘off-session’ longan fruiting. Three combined factors treatment namely: the way of paclobutrazol application (soil drench and foliar spray); dozes of paclobutrazol (control, 1 g, and 2 g paclobutrazol per tree); and the timing of ethepon application after paclobutrazol, were designed in randomized block design and applied at 20-30 years old longan trees, which were grouped into 3 group according to the amount of flushing twigs among all of the twigs in the whole canopy.     Result of the research showed that specific climate conditions (2-3 months dry which was followed by temperature decrease until 15-22oC) as pre condition for the happening of natural flowering on longan might be substituted by paclobutrazol and ethepon. The application of 1 g paclobutrazol in foliar spray method, which was followed by application of 400 mg/l ethepon 1 month after paclobutrazol, might stimulated 20-30 years old longan trees, flowering 37.5 day after paclobutrazol application, while control trees did not flower until 120 days observation.The trees got foliar spray application way of paclobutrazol was induced after 29.8 DAPA, while the trees under soil drench were induced after 42.0 DAPA. Dozes 1 and 2 g paclobutrazol induced flowering after 15.9 and 16.9 DAPA, while control trees were induced after 74.8 DAPA. The fastest achieving time of the induction stage (17.7 DAPA) were shown in the trees under foliar spray application way of 1 g paclobutrazol which was followed by the application of 400 mg/l ethepon 1 month after paclobutrazol application (C2D1W1). Furthermore, the plants under the same treatment combination were differentiated faster (37.5 DAPA). The fastest induction and differentiation stage achieving time were strongly related to the highly of the leaf chlorophyll content (1.33 mg/l) as well as C/N ratio (9.67) which were the highest value in both of the variables. The average of the blossom achieving time was 52.3 DAPA. The differentiation and the blossom stage were shown only in the plants were in flushing condition, with 25-75% of flushing twigs. The decrease of twigs long addition parallel to the paclobutrazol dozes and vice versa to the ethepon application time. The faster the ethepon application time, the higher the twigs long addition.               Finally, the result of the research showed that if the humidity of flowering and fruiting-plants canopy, as the result of paclobutrazol and ethepon application during the differentiation processes until ‘fruit set’ was keep protected, the retardant application in February (the middle of raining session in the research area) might supply longan fruits in June (the middle of dry session, when the longan fruits supply were very limited).
Genetic Variability in the Indonesian Giant Clam (Tridacna crocea and Tridacna maxima) Populations: Implication for Mariculture and Restocking Program Agus Nuryanto; Dedy Duryadi
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.2.154

Abstract

Tridacna crocea and T. maxima are relatively abundant in the Indonesian coral reef. These two species are, however, under high presure due to exploitation for food, industry, and aquarium trade.  It is, therefore, necessary to understand their biology, such as genetic variability within and between populations, before utilizing them for strain improvement and restocking, prior to the extinction of the populations of T. crocea and T. maxima.  Here we amplified a length of 456 bp of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase I gene from Tridacna crocea and of 484 bp from T. maxima to asses the genetic variability within and between populations of both species.  The results showed that both species have high genetic diversity and polymorphism within each local population. This provides a sufficient basis for selection of improved strain of T. crocea and T. maxima for mariculture. However, if the genetic variation led to genetic differentiation among populations due to the result of evolutionary adaptation, mixing genetically different populations may result in the break up of co-adaptation gene complexes.  This might result in the loss of the physiological capacities of the parental populations.
Budidaya Ikan Kerapu (Serranidae) pada Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) Langkosono Langkosono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.2.277

Abstract

Groupers are commercial fish belonging to Serranidae family.  Some species such as barramundi cod (Cromileptes altivelis) and flowery cod (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) have been cultured in floating net cages. This study was carried out to determine the growth rate in terms of length and weight of both species as well as water quality of coastal Kombal Bay, West Pemenang Village, West Lombok. The results showed that the growth rate of both species was approximately the same as each other. Nevertheless, the weight increase of flowery cod seemed to be slightly faster than that of barramundi cod. Water quality in the location of the fish culture supported sufficiently  the growth of both grouper species.
Peanut Mottle Virus (Ptmtv) Contamination on Peanut Seeds Collected from Several Locations and Its Elimination by Hot Water Treatment Pudji Sulaksono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.2.155

Abstract

The following observations on the seemingly prevalent occurrence of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) seed contaminations by PtMtV virus in the surrounding area of Palu, Central Sulawesi were conducted to determine the level of seed contamination and whether hot water treatment can be used to eliminate PtMtV virus from the seeds. Peanut seeds were collected from a number of locations and after soaking them in unheated water (29C) and heated water (55, 60 and 65C) for 10 minutes they were allowed to germinate, then transplanted and grown in pots in screen house. The effects of hot treatments on seed germinability, leaf formation, frequency of infection on surviving plants, and plant biomass production were determined. Seeds soaked in heated water showed different germinability, grew to become plants with different leaf formation and plant biomass production. Heat treatments gave different frequencies of infection on the plants. However, not a single heat treatment gave satisfactorily results in terms of giving zero or low infection and at the same time giving desirable seed germinability, leaf number, and plant biomass. The prospect of using hot water treatment at 55C or lower with longer soaking duration as a method for PtMtV virus elimination from peanut seeds is discussed.
Pengaruh Kadar Lemak Berbeda Terhadap Produksi dan Kualitas Telur Induk Ikan Nilem (Osteochilus hasselti) Hidayat Djajasewaka; Reza Samsudin
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.2.274

Abstract

The study was conducted on the effect of different levels of  lipid in diet production and egg quality of Osteochilus broodstock reared in fiberglass. Broaders with 95 gram for females, were fed diets containing different levels of lipid, 4%,  6%, 8% and 10%. The protein contain of the diet for 42 %. The density of 20 females  per fiberglass and daily fed ratio of 1.0 – 2.0% of body weight. The results  indicated that all diet gave weight gain, fed convertion ratio, egg production, GSI, gonada weight and the containts  protein and lipid of Osteochilus eggs were not significantly different (P>0.05). The eggs content completely amino, fatty and glutamic acids, histidine, proline, linoleic and linolenic acids, leads to good taste and delicious of eggs.
Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Daun Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Juni Safitri Muljowati; Aris Mumpuni
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.2.275

Abstract

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) on the growth medium of tomato plant toward fusarial wilt and to determine effective concentration and time of application of the extract to control the wilt. Experiments arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed for in vitro antimicrobial assay and in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) for in planta antimicrobial assay, both of which were to find out the inhibitory effect of the extract on colony growth of Fusarium oxysporum (Schlecht). f.sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyd. et Hans. (Fol).  The results indicated that neem leaf extract concentration of 5% applied at 7 DAP (Day After Planting) was the most effective treatment in inhibiting disease intensity of fusarial wilt on tomato plant showing inhibitory effect of up to 89.32%.
Pembuatan Perpustakaan Genom Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Kultivar Lumut di dalam Fag Lambda Suharsono Suharsono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 24, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2007.24.2.276

Abstract

Genomic library of soybean cv. Lumut had been constructed in l phage vector. Partial digestion of total DNA by 0.014 units Sau3AI per mg DNA at 37oC for 30 minutes gave long fragment DNA. Ligation between insert DNA and l vector with molarity ratio of insert DNA to l vector = 2.9 : 1 followed by phage packaging, resulted in the titer of 2.8x104 to 3.6x105 pfu for 0.5 mg insert plant DNA. Among them, 60 to 91% were recombinants depending on packaging extract protein. By using 1 mg insert plant DNA and packaging extract protein from Stratagene, we obtained 6.6x105 pfu recombinant. Since the length of insert DNAs in l recombinant phages were 15 kb in average and the genome size of diploid soybean was 2.23x106 kb and 90% of the genom was present in 2 copies, then the genomic library constructed had contained all genome of soybean cv. Lumut.

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