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Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : 08531629     EISSN : 08531629     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi Biosfera : A Scientific Journal merupakan peer reviewed jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Media ini mewadahi hasil-hasil penelitian di bidang biologi tropika yang terbit tiga kali setahun (Januari, Mei, September).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 28, No 2 (2011)" : 9 Documents clear
Seleksi Isolat Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat (BPF) untuk Mengembangkan Inokulum Efektif Tamad Tamad; Bostang Radjagukguk; Eko Hanudin; Jaka Widada
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.265

Abstract

The phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can release insoluble phosphate in soil by anorganik-P dissolution, organic-P mineralization, and blocking of soil adsorption site.  The selection of effective PSB, therefore,  is urgently required to study the effectiveness of PSB.  The research was arranged to determine: 1) P-solubi-lization or P-mineralization, 2)  physiology, and 3) PSB inoculant improvement.  The research was arranged in complete random design, with PSB isolate as treatment.  The variables  were: soluble-P, mineralize-P, adsorption-P, pH, PSB population, phosphatase and phythase activity. The  result showed that PSB isolate 1 = Pseudomonas trivialis, 5 = Pseudomonas putida, and 9 = Pseudomonas fluorescens, were the best in P solubilization or P mineralization.  Solubilization efficiency of isolate were 1 = 291%, 5 = 280%, and 9 = 347%.  Five days incubation (the end of log phase or early of stationary phase) was the best time to culture harvest for PSB inoculant formulate.  Within twelve months age of culture, population stability of PSB inoculant decreased between 81 and 88%,  and P solubilizing stability PSB inoculant decrease between 65 and 81%. Decreasing of P solubility to P source types of PSB inoculant was AlP > FeP > PR > CaP.
Study on The Efficacy of Nitrogen Utilization by Rice Genotypes Part 1: Clustering and Selection for Rice Genotypes Darjanto Darjanto; Didik Indradewa; Bostang Radjagukguk; Taryono Taryono
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.261

Abstract

This experiment was carried out in a greenhouse as, the first part of four consecutive experiments. Sixty rice genotypes comprising 30 national and 30 local genotypes were evaluated for their responses and efficacy to nitrogen (N, urea) fertilizer application. Two levels of N fertilizer, i.e., 0 (N1) and 120 (N2) kg of N per hectare were applied. Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications was used as the experimental design. The observed parameters were grain yield per pot and grain yield index (GI). Based on average of grain yield of N1, average of grain yield of N2, and grain yield index (GI), the 60 evaluated genotypes were classified into four clusters. These clusters consisted of 26 efficient and responsive (ER) genotypes, 7 efficient and non-responsive (ENR) genotypes, 6 non-efficient and responsive (NER) genotypes, and non-efficient and non-responsive (NENR) genotypes. Replacement of cultivars in rice cultivation, from non efficient (NE)-genotype to efficient (E)-genotype has a potential of yield increase of 90.83%, replacement of non-responsive (NR) with responsive (R) genotype has a potential yield increase of 59.57%, replacement of local genotypes with national genotypes has a potential to increase yield 8.66%  only.  Of the 26 ERs, genotypes with the highest efficiency were Singkil, IR-66, Indragiri, Sintanur, and Widas.  Genotypes with the highest response were Ciliwung, IR-66, Ciherang, Sintanur, and Cisadane.  These genotypes can be used to increase rice production, to reduce production costs and to reduce environmental pollution. The ER, ENR and NER genotypes can be used as parents in breeding for high yielding and N efficient rice genotypes.
Kinetika Enzim Nitrilase Dari Sel Utuh Rhodococcus spp Pada Biotransformasi Mandelonitril R. Haryo Bimo Setiarto
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.266

Abstract

Rhodococcus spp can be used as mandelonitrile substrate for carbon and nitrogen source in life cycle of metabolism. They have potential of activity biotransformation for produced (R/S)-mandelic acid from mandelonitrile. (R/S)-mandelic acid is an important biotransformation product for production of pharmaceuticals such as semisynthetic penicillins, cephalosporins, antitumor agents, antiobesity agents and antiinflamation agents. This research was conducted to determine the enzyme kinetics (Km and Vmax) of nitrilase from Rhodococcus TPIK, LP3, GLB5 (induction acetonitrile 1000 mM - mandelonitrile 100 mM) with florometric methods, spectrophotometer analysis (λ = 413 nm). This research was carried out by assaying nitrilase enzyme activities in various concentration of mandelonitrile subtrates which were between 10 mM – 100 mM with 10 mM interval. The result showed that the enzyme kinetics of nitrilase from Rhodococcus TPIK (Km was 72.303 mM and Vmax was 2.075 mM/ml cell/minute), Rhodococcus LP3 (Km was 47.048 mM and Vmax was 1.942 mM/ml cell/minute), Rhodococcus GLB5 (Km was 34.375 mM and Vmax was 2.083 mM/ml cell/minute). Nitrilase enzyme from Rhodococcus GLB5 have smallest Km value. So we can interpretationed, this enzyme have good complexity Enzyme-Substrate, high affinity with substrate, and high speed reaction for forms product mandelic acid.
Nilai Konservasi Tinggi Kawasan Hutan Nusakambangan Sebagai Sumber Penghidupan bagi Masyarakat Lokal Eming Sudiana; Imam Widhiono MZ
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.262

Abstract

A study on ecosystem services of Nusakambangan tropical low land rain forest was conducted by survey method. The purposes of this study are to identify the ecosystem services needed by local community families, to define degree of dependency of the local community family on the ecosystem services, to know the status of high conservation value (HCV 5) and to design the conservation strategy. The results showed that Nusakambangan low land rain forest has HCV 5. The basic need of the local community families has depends on the ecosystem service of Nusakambangan tropical low land rain forest. The silvopastory technology can be applied as conservation strategy of Nusakambangan tropical low land rain forest.
Hubungan Kekerabatan Fenetik Jamur Shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Nuraeni Ekowati; Rina Sri Kasiamdari; Nursamsi Pusposendjojo; C. J. Soegihardjo
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.267

Abstract

Phenetic relationship of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler) cultivated in Indonesia especially in Java is still undisclosed. In order to increase adaptability and high production most of cultivators in Indonesia make inter-isolates breeding. Consequently  L. edodes isolates grown in Indonesia may have morphological and genetic diversity. Diversity among the isolates of L.edodes can be determined by morphological and molecular assessments. Isolates originating from different locations can show specific morphological characters, and requires more in-depth assessment of the macroscopic and microscopic morphological characters. Four  L.edodes isolates from Malang, Cianjur, Lembang and Yogyakarta were understudy to determine their morphological characters and phenetic relationship. Degree of similarity between the isolates was carried out through numerical taxonomy approach and the data obtained were analyzed using the Numerical taxonomy program and multivariate analysis system, version 2.1. The results showed that there was diversity of morphology of the four isolates and based on the results of data analysis obtained, the degree of similarity between the isolates ranged between 83-95%. Isolates of L. edodes from Malang to Cianjur showed the closest phenetic relationship (95%) and isolates from Malang to Yogyakarta showed the most distant phenetic relationship (83%). Based on the morphological characters obtained from this research revealed the diversity and phenetic relationship among the four isolates of L. edodes.
Jenis Kelelawar Pemakan Buah (Pteropodidae) di Taman Wisata Alam Gunung Meja Manokwari Freddy Pattiselanno; Petrus I. Bumbut
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.263

Abstract

A study of bats was aimed to collect information on the presence of fruit bats that predicted involved in pollination or seed dispersal of certain commercial fruit plants within and around the Taman Wisata Alam Gunung Meja, Manokwari.  Forty five individual consists of 8 (eight) species: Dobsonia minor, Dobsonia moluccensis, Macroglossus minimus, Nyctimene aello, Nyctimene albiventer, Nyctimene draconilla, Rousettus amlexicaudatus and Syconicteris australis have been captured and identified during the survey.  It was assumed based on observation of vegetation found around the study site that the presence of fruit bats species help to maintain and contribute to seed dispersal of the fruit plants.  Further study is required to obtain accurate data through the stomach content collection of the observed bats.  Land conversion and illegal hunting was frightened influence the bat habitat and population which finally impact to fruit production.
Biosorpsi Krom pada Air Lindi Menggunakan Biomasa Sargassum cinereum Sri Lestari; Slamet Santoso; Dwi Sunu Windyartini
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.268

Abstract

Leachate is liquid resulted from decomposition of organic waste that contains dissolved and suspended materials as product of microorganism degradation. Leachate comprises high concentration of organic material and heayy metal. High concentration of heavy metal in leachate can be optimally reduced without decreasing organic material concentration through biosorption process. Biosorption is metal binding through adsorption using inactive or dead organism. This research is aimed to perceive the number of biomass, contact duration and combination of the number of biomass and contact duration to adsorb chrome in leachate. Research method employed in this research is experimental method arranged in accordance with Complete Random Design with Split Plot Design. The treatment experimented in this research is contact duration of Sargassum cinereum with leachate as main plot (1 hour, 2 hours and 3 hours) and biomass S. cinereum as sub-plot (200 mg, 300 mg and 400 mg). Data is analyzed using range analysis (ANOVA) and followed by Test of Straight Actual Difference. The result shows that biomass S. cinereum is able to adsorp chrome in leachate. The number of chrome adsorbed in each treatment is different, depend on the contact duration and the number of biomass of S. cinereum.Three hours is optimum contact duration in adsorbing Cr up to 46,275%, meanwhile 400 mg of biomass S. cinereum is optimum concentration to adsorp Cr up to 46,536%. Combination of 3 hours contact duration and 400 mg of biomass S. cinereum could adsorb Cr up to 51,249%.
Studi Keanekaragaman Flora dan Kajian Potensi Pekarangan sebagai Tapak Pelestarian Cendana di Desa Teun, Belu dan Lokomea Timor Tengah Utara - NTT Albert Husein Wawo; Ninik Setyowati
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.260

Abstract

The study of plant diversity and investigation of home garden potential as conservation site for sandalwood at Teun and Lokomea villages had been carried out at East Nusa Tenggara Province. The result showed that home garden in Teun village have 24 species of plant and in Lokomea village have 31 species of plant. Diversity index in both locations are 1.163 and 1.151 with similarity index is 0.80. Based on purpose of flora at home gardens in both villages are divided in to 3 groups are fruit, commercial (estate crops) and vegetable crops. Majority of the local people in both villages have planted mango, coconut, banana, tamarind and sandalwood at their home gardens.  Result of investigation of home garden potency showed that home garden in both villages have 3 points of strength are ecological, economical and social culture potency so that home garden in both villages can be developed as conservation site for sandalwood.
Keanekaragaman Kupu-Kupu (Lepidoptera) pada Empat Tipe Habitat di Hutan Lindung Gunung Klabat, Sulawesi Utara Roni Koneri; Saroyo Saroyo
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 28, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2011.28.2.264

Abstract

The objective of the research was to study the diversity of butterfly (Lepidoptera) in four habitat types  in  Mt Klabat protection forest, North Sulawesi. This research had been conducted over three months using a sweeping technique applied to follow the line transect length of 1000 meters at random in each habitat type (primary forest, secondary forest, gardens and shrubs). The results showed that there were 3 families namely Papilionidae, Nymphalidae and Pieridae, with the number of 29 species and 1014 individuals. The value of diversity based on Shannon and  Wienner diversity index and the highest was found in the garden (H = 2,24) followed by shrubs  (H = 2,12) and the lowest in secondary forests (H = 1,97). Based on the index Sorensen similarity (Cn) the composition of butterfly species found in primary forest has a high similarity value with secondary forest ((IS = 0,86), while the lowest among primary forest with garden (IS = 0,71). The result of This research is expected to be the basic data on butterfly diversity and effects of habitat changes on the diversity and distribution of butterfly in North Sulawesi

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