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Sumatera utara
INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 26155842     EISSN : 26155842     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Health, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences Veterinary
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research (InJAR) is a peer-reviewed quarterly journal published by TALENTA (Universitas Sumatera Utara's Journals Publisher) and managed by Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara. It is based on DIKTI accreditation standard and covers all aspects of agricultural researches including Animal Science and Fisheries, Agribusiness, Agrotechnology and Agricultural Technology. All manuscripts are double-blind refereed before acceptance. InJAR is published in March, July, and November.
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Articles 178 Documents
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The Effect of the Percentage of Non-Dairy Cream and Moringa Leaves Filtrate on the Chemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Peanut Ice Cream Antika, Silvy; Lubis, Linda Masniary; Sinaga, Hotnida
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023): InJAR, Vol. 6, No. 3, November 2023
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v6i3.11617

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the effect of the percentage of non-dairy cream and Moringa leaves filtrate on the characteristics of peanut ice cream. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) method with two factors i.e the percentage of non-dairy cream (10, 20%, 30%, and 40%) and the percentage of Moringa leaves filtrate (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) with three repetitions. The results showed that the percentage of non-dairy cream had a highly significant effect on fat and water content, total dissolved solids, overrun, melting time, and hedonic value of texture. The percentage of Moringa leaves filtrate had a highly significant effect on protein, fat, and water content vitamin C content, total dissolved solids, overrun, melting time, and hedonic value of taste. Interaction between the percentage of non-dairy cream and moringa leaves filtrate had a highly significant effect on fat content, total soluble solids, and overrun. Antioxidant analysis was conducted on the best treatment with a percentage of 40% non-dairy cream and 30% Moringa leaves filtrate with IC50 of 146.6368 ppm.
Livestock Breeders’ Conflicts in the Steppe Rangelands of Naâma Region (Western Algeria) Toufik, Youcefi Ahmed; Abderrazak, Marouf
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): InJAR, Vol. 7, No. 2, July 2024
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v7i2.11856

Abstract

Sheep farming represents a very important activity in the Algerian steppe, unfortunately it is in a critical situation following climate changes, decreases in rangelands and the rise in the prices of livestock feed, this has created conflicting situations between breeders. The competition for access to steppe spaces and the use of natural resources are at the origin of several conflicts between the actors of the steppe. In this article, we tried to present in a brief way the nature and rate of existing conflicts between pastoralists, and compliance with current legislation which aims to protect the plant cover and soil. The approach taken to carry out this analysis is based on a field survey whose target population is the holders of the herd. The sample size exceeds 364 surveyed spread across the 12 municipalities in our study area. Our work shows that one-fifth of respondents suffer from conflectual situations, either against a legal person or natural persons, while four-fifths endure no strife. In addition, the comparison between two periods (2010 - 2014 and 2015 – 2019) shows that the average number of established and trained offence report by forest administration concerning “illicit grazing” had doubled. The solution consists in cleaning up the steppe against illegal monopolies, accompanied by awareness-raising activities for a better awareness of residents to change their bad behavior. Finally, the competent authorities are required to find alternatives to enable farmers to carry out their activities properly.
Antimycotic Inhibition of Phytophthora colocasiae (Taro Leaf Blight) Using Diverse Disease Management Paradigms Mjaika, Ndifon Elias
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): InJAR, Vol. 6, No. 2, July 2023
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v6i2.11913

Abstract

Cocoyam/taro production has been plagued with many constraints, especially taro leaf blight. This study aimed at providing useful control options for the management of taro leaf blight. Two in vitro sub-trials (using botanicals alone or chemicals+botanicals) were conducted. A completely randomized design with each treatment replicated thrice was used and analyzed at a 95% confidence level.  P. colocasiae was effectively inhibited by Balsam, Thyme, Lantana, Eucalyptus, and Alligator-pepper up to 144 Hours After Inoculation (HAI) with a 144-HAI-moving average of 69.5%. At 48, 96, and 144 HAI, Eucalyptus 100% concentration, Thyme (50 and 100%), Lantana 100%, and Alligator-pepper (50 and 100%) were excellent control resources. Percentage inhibition of the pathogen by plant extracts ranged from 13.8-100%. Combinations of Mancozeb and MetCop (i.e. Metalaxyl+Copper(I)oxide) with botanicals (Balsam, Lantana, and Thyme) controlled P. colocasiae. Inhibition of radial growth of P. colocasiae ranged from 0-100% with a 168-HAI-moving average of 55.5%. Combining Thyme with Mancozeb or MetCop significantly inhibited P. colocasiae more compared to other treatments. Mancozeb+Balsam 50% and MetCop+Balsam 100%, followed by Mancozeb+Lantana 100%, MetCop+Lantana 100%, and Mancozeb+Balsam 100% were the best treatments. Mancozeb was better than MetCop. Chemical rates can be reduced by using botanicals since chemicals affect health.
The Influence of Farmers' Welfare on Oil Palm Plantation Productivity in Indonesia Lumbanraja, Pretty Luci; Lumbanraja, Penny Charity; Muttaqin, Aprian Wahyu; Samal, Shalehah Istiqomah
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): InJAR, Vol. 6, No. 2, July 2023
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v6i2.11955

Abstract

Farmers, especially oil palm farmers, contribute greatly to the palm oil industry and the national economy. Strategic agendas to increase the productivity of oil palm plantations, such as land certification programs for the people, agrarian reform, social forestry, and rejuvenation of smallholder plantations, will be hampered if farmers' welfare is ignored. This research aims to determine the influence of variables measuring farmer welfare on palm oil productivity. This exploratory research uses inferential analysis techniques. The data used is secondary data in the form of a time series for the 2015-2021 period. This research uses simple linear regression statistical data analysis with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the alternative Partial Least Square (PLS) method. The research results show that farmer welfare has a significant positive effect on oil palm productivity (0.000) < (0.005) with an estimated size of 0.910. In the sense that there is a positive and significant influence on farmer welfare on palm oil productivity.
Effect of Red Ginger Addition and Drying Temperature Variations on Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant of Cat’s Whiskers Leaf Teabags Manik, Rizki Putri Sari; Suhaidi, Ismed; Ginting, Sentosa
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): InJAR, Vol. 6, No. 2, July 2023
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v6i2.12191

Abstract

Tea is a type of beverage that is widely consumed in various countries due to its high antioxidant content and its beneficial for health. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of red ginger and variations in drying temperature on the quality characteristics and antioxidant content of cat whisker leaf tea bags. The study used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method consisting of two factors, the addition of red ginger (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) and variations in drying temperature (40oC, 50oC, and 60oC). The results show that the addition of red ginger had a highly significant effect on water content, ash content, water-soluble ash content, crude fiber content, pH, antioxidant content, aroma hedonic value, taste hedonic value, and general acceptance hedonic value. Variations in drying temperature had a highly significant effect on water content, ash content, water-soluble ash content, fiber content, and antioxidant content. This variation of drying temperature also had no significant effect on pH, hedonic aroma value, taste hedonic value, color hedonic value, and general acceptance hedonic value. The best results showed that the addition of ginger at 40% and a drying temperature of 60oC resulted in the best quality of tea bags.
Owalla Reservoir in South-western Nigeria: Assessment of Fish Distribution, Biological Diversity, and Water Quality Index Iyiola, Adams Ovie; Izah, Sylvester; Morya, Sonia; Akinsorotan, Ademola; Ogwu, Matthew
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): InJAR, Vol. 6, No. 2, July 2023
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v6i2.12207

Abstract

The Water Quality Index (WQI) was used to evaluate the ecological health and status of Owalla Reservoir and the implications on fish species distribution and biological diversity of the reservoir. Water quality and fish species were collected from three sampling zones (A, B, and C) from September 2019 to August 2020 and biological diversity indices such as dominance, Shannon-Weiner, Evenness, Brillouin, Menhinick, Margalef, Equitability, and Fishers index were calculated. The mean values measured for the temperature (25.9 ± 0.48 oC), dissolved oxygen (4.14 ± 0.10 mg/L), pH (7.0 ± 0.01), and nitrate (0.68 ± 0.25 mg/L) of Owalla Reservoir were within the recommended range; while ammonia (0.13 ± 0.20 mg/L), nitrite (0.14 ± 0.21 mg/L) were high and above the recommended limits. The WQI was highest in zone A (155.97) with an overall index value of 152.73 for the reservoir. Zone A recorded the highest relative fish abundance (49.95%) and was more diversified than other sampling zones. In terms of fish biodiversity indices, zone A had the highest richness (9), number of individuals (136), Shannon (1.84), and Brillouin (1.62) index values. Zones B and C were highest in terms of Dominance (1.0), and Evenness (1.0). Zones A and C were highest in terms of Simpson (0.83); zone B was highest in terms of Menhinick (1.58), and Fisher_alpha index (3.98) while zone C was highest in terms of Margalef (2.0), and Equitability (0.99) indices. The elevated levels of WQI, ammonia, and nitrite pose a danger to fish species and watershed systems. It is important to maintain the quality of water within Owalla Reservoir by ensuring best human practices and averting inappropriate human wastes as well as sewage disposal and agricultural activities. These should be checked for the sustainability of fish species.
The Effect of the Amount of Stevia Leaf Powder (Stevia rebaudiana) and Drying Time on the Quality of Snake Fruit Padang Sidempuan Dried Candied Armaya, Riska Putri; Lubis, Linda Masniary; Nurminah, Mimi
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): InJAR, Vol. 7, No. 1, March 2024
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v7i1.12894

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the Effect of using stevia leaves as a natural sweetener on dried sweets of Padang Sidempuan's snake fruit. The method used in this study was the factorial Complete Randomized Design (CRD) method with two factors, namely the amount of stevia leaf powder (0,20%: 0,25%; 0,30%; 0,35%) and drying time (4, 6, 8 and 10 hours). The tests carried out were moisture content, ash content, total sugar, total dissolved solids, total microbes, acidity (pH), and organoleptic tests of colour, flavour, taste, and texture. This study's results showed a highly significant effect exerted by the amount of stevia leaf powder on moisture content, ash content, total dissolved solids, total sugar, total microbes, acidity (pH), and an organoleptic test of colour, flavour, and taste. Drying time significantly affected moisture content, ash content, total sugar, total microbes, total dissolved solids, and texture organoleptic test. The interaction between the amount of stevia leaf powder and the drying time had a highly significant effect on moisture content and a significantly different effect on total microbes and organoleptic colour. The amount of stevia leaf powder is 0,35%, and the drying time of 8 hours results in the best treatment on dried sweets of Padang Sidempuan's snake fruit.
The Capabilities of Paddy Rice and the Threshing Machines in Iraq Alshatri, Shwan H. H.
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023): InJAR, Vol. 6, No. 3, November 2023
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v6i3.13273

Abstract

This study aims to obtain rice from paddy rice and determine the capacity of the threshing machine that does such separation. The research question is how to convert the paddy rice into rice, then how to use the rice husk left the paddy rice, and its ground rice by-product while mixing the paddy rice of several people. Our research method is separating the rice, rice husk, and ground rice using several mathematical equations to find the value of paddy rice, rice husk, and ground rice. Finally, we will be able to distinguish between the amount of rice and the ground rice of each person simultaneously and know the capacity of the threshing machine that does the job. Some MATLAB code was utilized to validate the equations and produce the table.
Correlation of Antioxidant Properties Between Immature and Mature Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Fruits Nazri, Miza Badriah; Azlan, Azrina; Sultana, Sharmin; Yahya, Rozita
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): InJAR, Vol. 7, No. 1, March 2024
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v7i1.13351

Abstract

This study aimed to assess and compare the antioxidant activity and content (total flavonoid levels and total phenolic) of mature and immature okra. The antioxidant activity of okra fruits was assayed using four methods, namely: Aluminium Chloride Colorimetric assay, Folin-Ciocalteu assay, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and Reducing Antioxidant Power assay (FRAP) assays. The immature, mature, and very mature okra samples (less than 8 days, 10-15 days, and more than 20 days, respectively) were extracted using two different solvents (65% ethanol and water). The sample that was extracted with mature ethanol had the highest Total Phenolic Content (TPC) at 21.564 ± 1.635 mg GAE/g, while the sample that was extracted with extremely mature ethanol had the highest TFC at 54.391 ± 8.224 mg QE/g. The mature 65% ethanolic extracted sample showed the lowest IC50 value of DPPH scavenging activity (0.920± 0.096 mg/ml), and the mature ethanol extracted sample had the highest FRAP value (232.018± 5.337 μmol Fe2+/g). These studies showed that ethanolic extracts of mature Abelmoschus esculentus had higher antioxidant content and activity than okra water extracts. Based on the DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay revealed favourable associations between TPC (r = 0.860), TFC (r = 0.742), and antioxidant activity as evaluated by FRAP, demonstrating that both phenolics and flavonoids contributed to the extract’s antioxidant properties. Both TPC and TFC showed negative correlations with IC50 values (r = -0.766, r = -0.650, respectively). In conclusion, the mature okra fruits extracted with 65% ethanol give higher antioxidant content than the water extracts of okra fruits and potentially be used as a source of antioxidants rather than be discarded.
Antioxidant Properties of Lemuni Leaves (Vitex trifolia var. purpurea) in Different Concentrations of Ethanol-Water Solvent Extraction Goh, Wei Wen; Sultana, Sharmin; Azlan, Azrina
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): InJAR, Vol. 7, No. 2, July 2024
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/injar.v7i2.13357

Abstract

Vitex trifolia var. purpurea leaves (Lemuni leaves) is considered as a traditional medicine due to their antioxidant property. The antioxidant properties of Lemuni leaves depends on the concentration of ethanol-water solvent. Therefore, this current study intended to identify the antioxidant activity of Lemuni leaves (Vitex trifolia var. purpurea) in different concentrations of ethanol-water solvent extraction. Four ethanol-water concentrations were prepared (water extract (0% ethanol), 25% ethanol extract, 50% ethanol extract, and 75% ethanol extract). The antioxidant properties of Lemuni leaves were evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, aluminium chloride calorimetric method while 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay were used to measure the antioxidant activities of the extracts. The experimental results showed that 75% ethanol extract had the highest (p<0.05) total phenolic content (94.69 ± 4.75mg GAE/g DW) and total flavonoid content (30.76 ± 2.85mg QE/g DW) significantly. The 75% ethanol extract also had the significantly lowest (p<0.05) IC50 value for DPPH (3.56 ± 0.11 mg/mL) and ABTS (2.01 ± 0.05 mg/mL) assays. Strong correlations were discovered between the total flavonoid content, total phenolic content with antioxidant properties of Lemuni leaves at different ethanol-water ratio by DPPH (r= -0.816; r= -0.824) and ABTS assays (r= -0.929; r= -0.920).The significantly elevated antioxidant properties of the 75% ethanol extract suggest promising applications in health supplements, pharmaceuticals, skincare products, biomedical research, and commercial ventures.

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