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Raymond Pranata
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Editorial Office: Heart House, Jalan Katalia Raya No. 5, Kota Bambu Utara West Jakarta, 11430 - Indonesia Telephone: +62 21 5681149, Fax: +62 21 5684220 Email: ijc@inaheart.org
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Cardiology
Published by Indonesian Heart Association
ISSN : 28303105     EISSN : 29647304     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesian Journal of Cardiology (IJC) is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal established by Indonesian Heart Association (IHA)/Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kardiovaskular Indonesia (PERKI) [www.inaheart.org] on the year 1979. This journal is published to meet the needs of physicians and other health professionals for scientific articles in the cardiovascular field. All articles (research, case report, review article, and others) should be original and has never been published in any magazine/journal. Prior to publication, every manuscript will be subjected to double-blind review by peer-reviewers. We consider articles on all aspects of the cardiovascular system including clinical, translational, epidemiological, and basic studies. Subjects suitable for publication include but are not limited to the following fields: Acute Cardiovascular Care Arrhythmia / Cardiac Electrophysiology Cardiovascular Imaging Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Cardiovascular Public Health Policy Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Cardiovascular Research General Cardiology Heart Failure Hypertension Interventional Cardiology Pediatric Cardiology Preventive Cardiology Vascular Medicine
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Articles 764 Documents
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Correlation Between Six-Minute Walk Test and Treadmill Exercise in Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Phase II Rehabilitation Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study Tresia Fransiska Ulianna Tambunan; Audrey Witari; Helisa Rachel Patricie Sianipar
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Online First
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1969

Abstract

Background: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) improves survival in advanced Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) but is often associated with reduced functional capacity during recovery. Phase II cardiac rehabilitation improves physical performance, yet accessible and reliable tools are needed to monitor progress. Treadmill Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) is the gold standard for assessing aerobic capacity, but it is resource-intensive and not widely available in many settings. The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is a simple alternative, but its validity compared with treadmill testing in Indonesian post-CABG patientsremains underexplored Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National General Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo in Jakarta between May 2023 and October 2024. Post-CABG patients who completed an eight-week Phase II cardiac rehabilitation program, were clinically stable, and able to perform both assessments were included. Functional capacity was determined by estimated VO2Max from the 6MWT and directly measured VO2Max from a symptom-limited treadmill test using the Modified Bruce protocol. Descriptive statistics summarized baseline characteristics. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationshipbetween the two tests, with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results: Fifteen post-CABG patients completed the study. Most were male (73.3%) with a mean age of 59 years. Overweight status was common (46.7%), with hypertension (80.0%), dyslipidemia (66.7%), and diabetes mellitus (53.3%) as frequent comorbidities. Mean 6MWTdistance increased from 307.8 ± 85.7 m pre-rehabilitation to 498.5 ± 140.7 m post-rehabilitation. The estimated VO2Max from the 6MWT followed a normal distribution and is reported as a mean of 18.9 mL/kg/min (SD = 4.2). In contrast, the treadmill-measured VO2Max was nonnormally distributed and is therefore reported as a median of 21.4 mL/kg/min. A significant moderate positive correlation was found between 6MWT and treadmill VO2Max (r = 0.689, p = 0.005). Conclusion: The 6MWT demonstrated a strong, significant correlation with treadmill-based VO2Max, supporting its use as a practical and cost-effective alternative for functional capacity assessment in post-CABG Phase II rehabilitation. Routine integration of the 6MWT may facilitate individualized exercise prescription and enhance patient monitoring, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Utilization of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation as a Rehabilitation Treatment in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Bima Diokta Alparisi; Samira Amanda; Daniel Herman; Rosmaliana Rosmaliana; Irwan Irwan; Haryadi Haryadi
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Online First
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.1997

Abstract

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) is associated with substantial functional impairment, and many patients are unable to participate in conventional exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) has been proposed as an alternative rehabilitation treatment, but its clinical effectiveness remains uncertain. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of NMES in improving cardiac function and exercise capacity in patients with HFrEF. A systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies comparing NMES with standard medical therapy, exercise training, or no intervention in adult patients with HFrEF were identified through major electronic databases. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. Pooled effects were calculated as Mean Differences (MD) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4. Twelve RCTs involving 636 participants were included. NMES significantly improved peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) (MD 2.03 mL/kg/min; 95% CI 1.21 to 2.84; p < 0.00001), systolic blood pressure (MD −2.02; 95% CI −3.97 to −0.06; p = 0.04), Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) (MD −1.38%; 95% CI −2.73 to −0.03; p = 0.05), and Heart Rate (HR) (MD 2.19 beats/min; 95% CI 0.44 to 3.95; p = 0.01). A borderline significant improvement was observed in the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance (MD −11.40 m; 95% CI −23.04 to 0.24; p = 0.05). No significant effects were found for diastolic blood pressure (MD −0.12; 95% CI −3.30 to 3.06; p = 0.94) or Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) scores (MD 1.97; 95% CI −9.06 to 13.01; p = 0.73). NMES is associated with meaningful improvements in exercise capacity and selected parameters of cardiac function in patients with HFrEF, supporting its role as a potential adjunct rehabilitation treatment.
SYNTAX Score 2020 Risk Estimates Between PCI and CABG in Coronary Artery Disease : A Descriptive Study Alysa Masytha Masyhudi; Sanggap Indra Sitompul; Karina Yesika Manalu; Refiansyah Tri Anggoro; Yusuf Galenta
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Online First
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.2050

Abstract

Background: The SYNTAX Score 2020 is a validated tool that combines anatomical and clinical parameters to estimate long-term outcomes in CAD and guide revascularization decisions between PCI and CABG. Although its components are well defined, further studies are needed to clarify how clinical variables influence risk predictions in diverse populations, including Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 115 patients with angiographically confirmed CAD at dr. Doris Sylvanus Regional General Hospital, Palangka Raya, Indonesia, between January and June 2025. The SYNTAX Score 2020 and anatomical SYNTAX Score I were calculated using the official application. Statistical analyses included bivariate non-parametric tests, Spearman correlations, and multivariate linear regression to identify independent clinical determinants of the SYNTAX Score 2020–predicted 10-year mortality and 5-year MACE following PCI and CABG. Results: PVD and DM were strongly associated with a higher SYNTAX Score 2020–predicted 5-year MACE and 10-year mortality after both PCI and CABG, with a stepwise increase in risk from no DM to insulin-treated DM. LMCAD was associated with a higher CABG-predicted risk than 3VD, whereas smoking was not associated with predicted outcomes. Age and SYNTAX Score I were positively correlated with all risk estimates, whereas CrCl and LVEF were inversely correlated. In the multivariate models, age, PVD, DM, and lower LVEF remained independent predictors for both strategies; SYNTAX Score I remained significant only for PCI, and CrCl was no longer independently associated with risk. Conclusion: Age was the main independent predictor of a higher SYNTAX Score 2020 that predicted long-term risk, followed by PVD and diabetes (highest in insulin-treated DM). Higher LVEF was protective, and left main disease carried a higher predicted risk than three-vessel disease.
Predischarge Lung Ultrasound B-Lines as a Robust Predictor of 90-Day Rehospitalization in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF): Evidence from Clinical and Classification and Regression Tree (CART)-Based Risk Stratification Akhtar Fajar Muzakkir; Yogi Andrew Taruk Padang; Peter Kabo; Ali Aspar Mappahya; Andi Alfian Zainuddin
Jurnal Kardiologi Indonesia Online First
Publisher : The Indonesian Heart Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30701/ijc.2051

Abstract

Background: Heart failure is a major global health burden, with high morbidity, mortality, and substantial rehospitalization rates. Residual pulmonary congestion at discharge is a key determinant of early readmission but is often underestimated using clinical assessment alone. Lung Ultrasound (LUS) offers an objective, bedside tool for detecting pulmonary congestion through B-line quantification. This study aimed to evaluate whether predischarge B-line measurements predict 90-day rehospitalization due to all cardiovascular causes in patients with Heart Failure with reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF). Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 107 adults hospitalized with HFrEF at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital from March to July 2023. LUS was performed prior to discharge using an eight-zone protocol, and total B-line counts were recorded. Clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic variables were obtained from the Heart Failure Registry and electronic medical records. Patients were followed for 90 days to identify heart failure–related rehospitalization. Statistical analyses included independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U tests, chi-square test, ROC curves, multivariate logistic regression, and a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) model to identify the strongest predictors of rehospitalization. Results: Among 107 patients (mean age 58.52 ± 12.16 years; 74.77% male), 48 (44.86%) experienced 90-day rehospitalization due to all cardiovascular causes. Rehospitalized patients had significantly higher predischarge B-line counts (25.98 ± 8.23 vs. 17.63 ± 8.03, p <0.0001). A B-line cutoff of ≥20 predicted rehospitalization with 75.7% accuracy, 77.08% sensitivity, 74.58% specificity, and an AUC of 0.754. Renal dysfunction (eGFR 58.72 ± 29.32 vs. 75.43 ± 27.49 mL/min/1.73 m², p = 0.003; creatinine 1.86 ± 2.01 vs. 1.21 ± 0.76 mg/dL, p = 0.021), lower EF (31.6 ± 8.15% vs. 36.64 ± 9.05%, p = 0.004), and higher filling pressures (PCWP, E/e′) were also significantly associated with rehospitalization. The CART model identified B-line ≥20 as the strongest primary classifier, with additional risk contributed by renal impairment and reduced EF, yielding an accuracy of 90.65% and an AUC of 0.966. Conclusion: Predischarge B-line quantification is a strong predictor of 90-day rehospitalization in HFrEF. Integration of B-line assessment with renal function and cardiac parameters substantially improves risk stratification. LUS provides a practical, noninvasive tool for optimizing predischarge evaluation and may guide interventions to reduce early rehospitalization.

Page 77 of 77 | Total Record : 764

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