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Akses Pelayanan Kesehatan yang Tersedia pada Penduduk Lanjut Usia Wilayah Perkotaan di Indonesia Roy Glenn Albert Massie
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Penelitian tentang akses lanjut usia (lansia) terhadap pelayanan kesehatan telah banyak dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode yang sama maupun berbeda. Diperlukan suatu hasil gabungan analisis penelitian dan dapat dijadikan inferensi pada parameter yang dapat diinterpretasi. Dalam kajian ini dilakukan meta-analisis akses kesehatan publik bagi lansia di wilayah perkotaan yang tersedia pada tingkat fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama. Diidentifikasi kata kunci dari topik yang ada pada kepustakaan melalui pembacaaan abstrak secara berulang kali. Dilakukan pencatatan hasil inferensi, kemudian dipilah sub-topik yang dipikirkan penting dan berhubungan. Ringkasan kepustakaan dibuat sesuai dengan urutan dan relevansi topik masing-masing variabel, yang disesuaikan dengan sub-topik terkait. Akses pelayanan kesehatan terhadap lansia sangat tergantung pada ketersediaan sumber daya kesehatan, peralatan yang memadai dan program yang sesuai. Lansia kurang memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan disebabkan oleh jarak fasilitas kesehatan yang cukup jauh dari tempat tinggalnya dan tidak ada yang mengantarnya. Masih ada lanjut usia yang tidak pernah memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan dasar gratis. Sebagian kecil lansia mengakses informasi promosi kesehatan melalui media sosial. Fasilitas umum yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh kelompok lansia namun masih kurang terkait ketersediaan tenaga, alat medis, obat, laboratorium dan kondisi fisik serta dana operasional puskesmas. Perlindungan terhadap sosial bagi lansia juga dilakukan oleh organisasi masyarakat dan keagamaan (misal kerjasama gereja dan kelurahan) dan bantuan program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) perusahaan. Kebijakan pemerintah dan sumber daya di fasilitas kesehatan mempengaruhi akses pelayanan kesehatan terhadap lansia. Perlindungan sosial dan pemberdayaan ekonomi beperan dalam peningkatan kualitas hidup lansia. Komunikasi, Informasi dan Edukasi Kemitraan Pemerintah dan swasta, termasuk LSM perlu dilakukan terus menerus. Dukungan dan bimbingan oleh Pemerintah Daerah melalui berbagai kegiatan promosi dan proteksi kesehatan pemenuhan akses pelayanan kesehatan bagi lansia melalui kerjasama lintas program dengan sektor terkait perlu tingkatkan. Kata kunci: Lansia, Akses Pelayanan Kesehatan Abstract Researches on the access of the elderly to health services have been carried out by using the same or different methods. Therefore, a combined result of research analysis is needed and can be used as an inference and it can be interpreted. The objectives are to study through a meta-analysis of public health service for elderly through assess the available at the puskesmas level; to identify where the information and knowledge of health obtained by elderly; the decision making of elderly when they are suffering from illness, and the availability of health services for elderly at puskesmas, and the social empowerment and economic support. In the literatures and documents the keywords were identified and inferenced the results by creating sub-topics. The summary of the literature review was made and consented to the order and relevance of the topic in each variable, which is adjusted to the related sub-topics. Access to health care for the elderly is highly dependent on the availability of health resources, adequate equipment in the appropriate program. There are elderly who do not use the health services available at health facilities due to the distance of the health facilities that are quite far from where they live and there was no one drives them to health facility. Therefore, even the health service was free for charge, the elderly had not used it. Many elderly obtained a benefit of health promotion through the social media. In puskesmas there were lacks of availability of medical devices, drugs and medical supplies, laboratories, including the operational cost for eldery’s health services. Public – private collaboration on social protection for elderly was existed such as from churches support including other social supports namely Corporate Social Responsibility program from private sector. The policies, infrastructures, and resources in the health facility were affected to the access of elderly. Social protection and economic empowerment have a potential role in improving the quality of life for the elderly. Improving the health service for elderly at puskesmas are urgently needed. Health services quality for elderly provided by public health institutions should be fulfilled particularly on the human resources capacity. Support and guidance by the local government through various health promotion and prevention activities and cross-program collaboration with related sectors should be boosted. Keywords: Elderly, Health Services Access

Pengaruh Demonstrasi Terhadap Keterampilan Perawatan Payudara Pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Ketiga Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jeulingke Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Ulfa Farrah Lisa; Mutia Putri
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Demontrasi perawatan payudara akan membuat keterampilan ibu hamil semakin meningkat dan demonstrasi akan berpengaruhterhadap keterampilan perawatan payudara pada ibu hamil. Perawatan payudara bertujuan untuk melancarkan sirkulasi darah dan mencegah tersumbatnya aliran susu sehingga mempelancar pengeluaran ASI. Target pemberian ASI ekslusif adalah sebesar 80% sedangkan pencapaian di Kota Banda Aceh masih rendah yaitu 55,17%. Dari survei data awal yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Jeulingke Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh didapatkan bahwa jumlah ibu hamil sebanyak 31 orang dari lima desa dan mayoritas tidak bisa melakukan perawatan payudara. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh demonstrasi terhadap keterampilan perawatan payudara pada ibu hamil trimester ketiga diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Jeulingke Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimen semu (quasi experiment) dengan pre-test post-test desain. Dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jeulingke Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh, pada tanggal 25 Juni sampai dengan 2 Juli 2018. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian inisebanyak 31 orang dengan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan lembaran observasi dan uji statistic menggunakan uji wilcoxon dengan taraf signifikasi α=0,05 (C1=95%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan dari 31 responden sebelum diberikan demonstrasi(pre-test) keterampilan responden mayoritas perlu perbaikan sebanyak 28 orang (90,3%) dan responden yang mampu sebanyak 3 orang (9,7%), sedangkan setelah diberikan demonstrasi (post-test) keterampilan responden mayoritas mampu sebanyak 16 orang (51,6%), mahir sebanyak 9 orang (29,1%) dan perlu perbaikan sebanyak 6 orang (19,3 %). Setelah dilakukan uji statistik, didapat nilai p-value 0,000. Kata Kunci : Demonstrasi, Perawatan Payudara, Keterampilan Abstract Demonstration of breast care will make the skills of pregnant women is increasing and the demonstration will affect the skill of breast care in pregnant women. Breast care aims to improve blood circulation and prevent blockage of milk flow so that it smoothes out breast milk. The target of the exclusive breastfeeding is 80% while the achievement in Banda Aceh is still low (55.17%).From the initial survey data conducted at the Community Health Center of Jeulingke, Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh, and the number of pregnant women is 31 people from five villages and the majority cannot breast care. This article aims to know the effect of demonstration on breast care skill in third trimester pregnant woman in work area at Community Health Center (Puskesmas) of Jeulingke, Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh. This research has aQuasi Experiment with pre-test post-test design. This research was Conducted in the work area at Puskesmas Jeulingke, District Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh, from 25 June to 2 July 2018. The samples in this research there were 31 people with total sampling technique. And the Data collection is used observation sheet and statistic by wilcoxon testwith a significance level α=0,05 (C1=95%). The results of the analysis show from 31 respondents before being given a demonstration (pre-test) the majority of respondents' skills were categorized as needing improvement as many as 28 people (90.3%) and respondents who were in the category of capable were 3 people (9.7%), while after being given a demonstration ( post-test) the skills of the majority of respondents are in the category of capable as many as 16 people (51.6%), proficient categories as many as 9 people (29.1%) and categories need improvement as much as 6 people (19.3%). After a statistical test, the p-value is 0,000. Keywords: Demonstration, Breast Care, Skills.

Faktor Terkait Inisiasi Menyusu Dini pada Ibu Postpartum di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Cilegon Mulia Lestari
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) merupakan kesempatan bayi yang dilahirkan dalam 24 bulan terakhir dapat menyusu secara alami dengan meletakkannya di perut ibunya selama satu jam setelah kelahiran. Kegiatan ini bertujuan meningkatkan jalinan kasih sayang ibu dan bayi, mempertahankan suhu bayi tetap hangat, merangsang kontraksi otot rahim sehingga mengurangi risiko perdarahan sesudah melahirkan dan memperbesar peluang ibu untuk memantapkan dan melanjutkan kegiatan menyusui selama masa bayi (6 bulan-2 tahun). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan dan faktor terkait IMD di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Kota Cilegon. Jenis penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap 14 informan dan metode observasi pelaksanaan persalinan spontan di ruang bersalin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan IMD di RSUD Kota Cilegon ditinjau dari struktur, proses dan output terlaksana cukup baik pada persalinan spontan dan belum terlaksana pada persalinan post-sectio caesaria. Penyebab pelaksanaan IMD belum optimal karena prosedur operasional baku IMD yang dimiliki rumah sakit belum diterapkan pada semua jenis metode persalinan. IMD hanya dilaksanakan pada proses persalinan pervaginam. Selain itu, pelatihan tenaga kesehatan belum diberikan secara menyeluruh. Saran yang dapat dilakukan adalah perbaikan prosedur operasional baku IMD dan inhouse training di rumah sakit tentang IMD. Kata kunci: Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD), ibu postpartum, rumah sakit Abstract Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) is opportunity of babies born in the past 24 months to be able to suckle naturally by placing the baby in the mother's stomach within an hour of birth. This activity aims to improve the affection of mothers and babies, keep the temperature of the baby warm, stimulate uterine muscle contraction, thereby reducing the risk of postpartum bleeding and increase the chances of the mother to establish and continue breastfeeding during infancy (6 months-2 years). The purpose of this study was to find out the implementation of EIB at the Cilegon Hospital and their factors related. This type of research is descriptive by using qualitative research methods. In-depth interviews were carried out on 14 informants and methods of observing the implementation of spontaneous labor in the delivery room. The results showed that the implementation of EIB at the Hospital of Cilegon in terms of structure, process and output was carried out quite well at spontaneous labor and had not been carried out in the post sectio caesaria delivery. The causes of the implementation of EIB have not been optimal because the Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) for EIB owned by hospitals have not been for all types of labor methods, EIB is carried out only in the vaginal delivery process. In addition, the training of health workers has not been given as a whole. Suggestions that can be made is to improve the SOP for EIB and inhouse training at the hospital about EIB. Keywords: Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIB), postpartum mother, hospital

Hubungan antara Perilaku Sikat Gigi, Merokok, dan Diabetes Melitus dengan Status Karies Gigi di Indonesia: Analisis Data Riskesdas 2013 Tince Arniati Jovina; Made Ayu Lely Suratri
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Masalah status kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia yang belum mendapat prioritas tinggi. Hasil Riskesdas menunjukkan peningkatan dari 46.7% (2007) menjadi 52.65% (2013). Analisis terhadap faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian karies dapat membantu merumuskan kebijakan dan program kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku sikat gigi, merokok, dan diabetes dengan status karies gigi. Analisis Univariat, Bivariat dan Multivariat (regressi) data Riskesdas 2013 dengan jumlah responden 37.077 orang. Indeks DMFT digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat keparahan karies gigi. Kejadian karies gigi yang berat cenderung lebih tinggi pada responden yang pernah merokok dan yang merokok aktif dibandingkan pada mereka yang tidak pernah merokok. Responden yang sering mengkonsumsi makanan manis, mempunyai tingkat keparahan karies gigi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan responden yang jarang atau tidak pernah mengkonsumsi makanan manis. Responden dengan kadar gula darah >200mg/dl mengalami kejadian karies gigi lebih tinggi. Analisis regressi logistik menunjukan variabel umur merupakan prediktor terkuat kejadian karies. Variabel lainnya yaitu jenis kelamin, pendidikan, perilaku merokok dan konsumsi makanan manis, mempunyai hubungan yang lemah terhadap kejadian karies gigi. Sedangkan variabel lainnya yaitu status kawin, tempat tinggal (desa atau kota), kadar gula darah sewaktu, pendidikan, pekerjaan, perilaku sikat gigi, status ekonomi tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian karies. Kejadian karies gigi dapat dipengaruhi oleh umur dan jenis kelamin, serta diperberat dengan perilaku sering makan makanan yang manis dan merokok. Perlu ditingkatkan perilaku hidup sehat agar masyarakat menjaga kesehatan giginya sejak dini dengan mengurangi makan makanan yang manis dan lengket, juga tidak merokok, serta rutin kontrol ke dokter gigi. Kata kunci: Perilaku Sikat Gigi, Merokok, Diabetes Melitus, Status Karies Gigi Abstract Dental and oral health status is one of health problems in Indonesia that has not being prioritized. Riskesdas data shows an increase in caries prevalence from 46.7% (2007) to 52.65% (2013). Analysis of the factors associated with caries incidence will support to develop e dental and oral health policies and programs. The objective of this analysis is to determine the relationship between toothbrush behavior, smoking, diabetes mellitus and dental caries status. Univariate, Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis was perform using 2013 Riskesdas data with 37,077 respondents. The DMFT index is used to measure the severity of dental caries. The incidence of severe dental caries tends to be higher in respondents who had smoked and who smoked actively than in those who never smoked. Respondents who frequently consume sweet foods, have a higher dental caries severity compared to respondents who rarely or never consume sweet foods. Respondents with random blood sugar levels >200mg/dl have higher dental caries. Logistic regression analysis showed that age was the strongest predictor of caries incidence. Gender, education, smoking behavior and consumption of sweet foods, have a weak relationship with the incidence of dental caries. While other variables were marital status, residence (village or urban), blood sugar levels, education, employment, toothbrush behavior, and economic status are not related to caries incidence. The incidence of dental caries can be influenced by age and sex, and will be aggravated by the frequent behavior of eating sugary foods and smoking. A healthy lifestyle needs to be improved so that people maintain their teeth health early on by not consume foods that are sweet and sticky, also not smoking, and has routine control to the dentist. Keywords: Toothbrushing Behavior, Smoking, Diabetes Mellitus, Dental & Oral Health Status

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Karies Dentis pada Ibu Hamil di Posyandu Baiturrahman Kota Banda Aceh Munifah Abdat; Dewi Ismail
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Masa kehamilan merupakan masa perubahan fisiologis dan fisik tubuh termasuk rongga mulut, sementara pengetahuan ibu hamil terhadap pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi dan mulut masih relatif rendah. Perubahan rongga mulut pada ibu hamil antara lain meningkatnya resiko karies gigi, gingivitis dan penyakit periodontal, masih kurang diperhatikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta karies dentis pada ibu hamil di Posyandu. Pengambilan subyek penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yaitu ibu hamil tanpa adanya riwayat penyakit sistemik dan berada di posyandu wilayah Baiturrahman kota Banda Aceh ketika dilakukan pengumpulan data. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pembagian kuisioner disertai pemeriksaan kondisi gigi menggunakan indeks DMF-T pada subyek penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pentingnya kesehatan gigi dan mulut masih kurang, hasil pemeriksaan DMF-T menunjukkan skor 6,9 (kategori sangat tinggi) dengan ditemukan karies gigi (decay) pada seluruh ibu hamil. Sejumlah 65% subyek penelitian mengaku tidak mendapat edukasi dari dokter kandungannya tentang kesehatan rongga mulut dan hubungannya dengan kehamilan. Berdasarkan uji korelasi menggunakan Pearson test disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan negatif (p=0,001) antara tingkat pengetahuan dan status karies pada ibu hamil, makin rendah pengetahuan ibu hamil maka makin tinggi status karies pada ibu hamil. Kata kunci: ibu hamil, pengetahuan, karies dentis Abstract Pregnancy is a period of physiological and physical changes in the body including oral cavity, while knowledge of pregnant women about maintaining dental and oral health is still relatively low. Changes in the oral cavity in pregnant women include increases risk of dental caries, gingivitis and periodontal diseases that are less noticed. Purpose of study was to determine level of knowledge about oral health and dental caries of pregnant women at integrated Service Post. Subject of research was taken by purposive sampling technique that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, namely pregnant women without a history of systemic disease and was in the posyandu in the Baiturrahman area of Banda Aceh city when data collection was carried out. Data collection techniques were carried out by distributing questionnaires along with examination of dental conditions using index DMF-T in the subjects. Results of this study indicate level of knowledge of pregnant women about the importance of dental and oral health is still lacking, results of DMF-T examination which is 6.9 (very high category) found dental caries (decay) in all subjects. 65% of subjects said that they did not get education from their obstetricians about the health of the oral cavity and its relationship to pregnancy. Based on the correlation test using Pearson test concluded there was a significant negative relationship (p = 0.001) between knowledge levels and caries status in pregnant women, the lower knowledge of pregnant women had low knowledge, in fact their caries status was high. Keywords: pregnant women, knowledge, dental caries

Pengetahuan Masyarakat dan Pelaksanaan Wawancara Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK) di Beberapa Puskesmas di Indonesia Made Ayu Lely Suratri; Tince Arniati Jovina; Eva Sulistyowati
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK) merupakan kegiatan kunjungan rumah yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan akses keluarga terhadap pelayanan kesehatan yang komprehensif, mendukung tercapainya Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM), dan JKN dalam rangka mewujudkan Indonesia sehat. Program ini dilaksanakan di seluruh puskesmas di Indonesia secara bertahap sejak tahun 2016. Puskesmas sesuai dengan mandatory dari Permenkes No. 75 tahun 2014 melaksanakan kunjungan rumah dalam rangka meningkatkan jangkauan sasaran dan mendekatkan akses pelayanan kesehatan. Kegiatan kunjungan dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan kegiatan UKP dan UKM secara berkesinambungan berdasarkan data pada profil keluarga. Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh gambaran pengetahuan dan pelaksanaan kunjungan rumah PIS-PK di beberapa puskesmas di Indonesia. Metode penelitian adalah riset operasional dengan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR), merupakan bagian Riset Implementasi PIS-PK yang dilaksanakan oleh Puslitbang Sumber Daya dan Pelayanan Kesehatan tahun 2018. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2018 di beberapa puskesmas di empat provinsi terpilih yaitu Lampung, Jawa Tengah, NTT, dan Kalimantan Selatan. Populasi penelitian adalah 10 rumah tangga terpilih di wilayah puskesmas yang telah dikunjungi oleh petugas puskesmas. Total rumah tangga yang dijadikan sampel penelitian sebanyak 80 rumah tangga. Wawancara dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner validasi dan Prokesga yang digunakan oleh petugas puskesmas. Hasil validasi data menunjukkan bahwa belum semua puskesmas melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang pelaksanaan kunjungan rumah dalam rangka PIS-PK. Petugas yang melakukan kunjungan rumah tidak menanyakan keseluruhan pertanyaan Prokesga dan pengukuran tekanan darah. Senada dengan hal tersebut, hampir sebagian besar responden belum mengetahui atau mendengar tentang PIS-PK. Sebagian besar puskesmas belum melakukan kunjungan ulang bila anggota rumah tangga (ART) tidak ada dirumah. Kata kunci: validasi data, PIS-PK, Puskesmas Abstract The Healthy Indonesia Program with a Family Approach (PIS-PK) is a home visit activity that aims to increase family access to comprehensive health services, support the achievement of Minimum Service Standards (SPM), and JKN in order to realize a healthy Indonesia. The program was implemented in all health centers in Indonesia, gradually starting in 2016. The the Primary of Health Care in accordance with the mandatory of Permenkes No. 75 of 2014 carried out home visits in order to increase the reach of targets and bring access to health services closer. Visiting activities are carried out by integrating UKP and UKM activities on an ongoing basis based on data on family profiles. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the knowledge and implementation of PIS-PK home visits in several health centers in Indonesia. The method of this research is operational research using the Participatory Action Resarch (PAR) approach, which is part of the PIS-PK Implementation Research carried out by the Research and Development Center for Resources and Health Services in 2018. This research was conducted in 2018 in several Primary of Health Care in four selected provinces, that is Lampung, Central Java, NTT, and South Kalimantan. The study population was 10 selected households in the Primary of Health Care area that had been visited by the Primary of Health Care officers. The total number of households used as research samples was 80 households. Interviews using the instrument were in the form of validation questionnaires and health programs that were used by the Primary of Health Care officers. The results of data validation show that not all the Primary of Health Care have provided information to the public about the implementation of home visits within the framework of the PIS-PK. The staff who made a home visit did not ask about the overall health questions and blood pressure measurements. In line with this, almost the majority of respondents did not know or hear about PIS-PK. Most public health centers haven't been re-visited if there weren't its members. Keywords: Data Validation, PIS-PK, Primary of Health Care

Prevalensi Psikosis di Indonesia berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018 Sri Idaiani; Indri Yunita; Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini; Lely Indrawati; Ika Darmayanti; Nunik Kusumawardani; Rofingatul Mubasyiroh
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Psikosis adalah gangguan jiwa yang memiliki prevalensi kecil dibandingkan gangguan jiwa lainnya tetapi mempunyai beban penyakit yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk memperoleh prevalensi psikosis pada penduduk Indonesia secara nasional, per provinsi dan melihat sebaran psikosis antara perkotaan, perdesaan berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Analisis ini merupakan analisis lanjut Riskesdas dilaksanakan di 34 provinsi, 514 kabupaten/kota pada bulan Juli 2018. Jumlah blok sensus 29.824 dengan respon rate 99,41%, jumlah rumah tangga dikunjungi dan diwawancara 282.654 dengan respon rate 95,58%. Enumerator bertanya kepada kepala keluarga atau yang mewakilinya mengenai adakah anggota rumah tangga (ART) di rumah tersebut yang pernah atau sedang mengalami gangguan jiwa psikosis dan berapa banyak jumlahnya. Analisis dilakukan dengan perangkat statistik SPSS versi 22 dengan metode complex sample. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018, didapatkan estimasi prevalensi orang yang pernah menderita psikosis di Indonesia sebesar 1,8 per 1000 penduduk. Prevalensi antar provinsi berkisar 0.9 sampai 3.5 per 1000 penduduk. Prevalensi psikosis lebih tinggi di perdesaan dibandingkan di perkotaan (p=0,099). Kata kunci: Riskesdas 2018, psikosis, prevalensi Abstract Psychosis is a mental disorder that has a small prevalence compared to other mental disorders but it has a fairly high burden of disease. The purpose of this analysis is to obtain the national, provincial prevalence of psychosis and to compare the prevalence between urban and rural regions in Indonesia based on Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018. This is an advance analysis. Riskesdas was implemented in July 2018 in 34 provinces and 514 regencies/cities. A total of 29,824 census blocks with a response rate of 99.41%, as many as 282.654 households visited and interviewed with a response rate of 95.58%. The enumerator interviewed the head of the family or his representative regarding the existence of household members (ART) in the house who had or were experiencing psychosis and how many of them. The analysis was carried out with SPSS version 22 using the complex sample method. Based on Riskesdas 2018, an estimated prevalence of people who have suffered psychosis in Indonesia is 1.8 per 1000 population. The prevalence between provinces ranges from 0.9 to 3.5 per 1000 population. The prevalence is higher in rural than urban area (p=0.099). Keywords: Riskesdas 2018, psychosis, prevalence

Gambaran Ketersediaan Sumber Daya Manusia dan Prasarana Puskesmas dalam Pelaksanaan Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK): Analisis Data Risnakes 2017 Sugiharti Sugiharti; Mujiati Mujiati; Siti Masitoh; Eva Laelasari
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Abstrak Program Indonesia Sehat merupakan program utama Pembangunan Kesehatan yang direncanakan pencapaiannya melalui Rencana Strategis Kementerian Kesehatan Tahun 2015-2019. Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK) menjadi salah satu cara puskesmas untuk meningkatkan jangkauan sasaran dan mendekatkan/meningkatkan akses pelayanan kesehatan di wilayah kerjanya dengan mendatangi keluarga. Untuk mendukung pelaksanaan pendekatan keluarga tersebut perlu adanya penguatan puskesmas sebagai salah satu ujung tombaknya. Penguatan tersebut antara lain dilakukan melalui pemenuhan sumber daya puskesmas, yakni sumber daya manusia (SDM), prasarana dan sarana/alat. Tujuan dari analisis ini adalah mengetahui ketersediaan SDM dan prasarana-sarana puskesmas dalam menjalankan PIS-PK. Hasil analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa tenaga pendukung kegiatan pengumpulan data PIS-PK di puskesmas seluruh Indonesia yang mengikuti pelatihan PIS-PK paling banyak adalah tenaga bidan (29,8%), sedangkan petugas yang paling banyak melakukan pengumpulan data keluarga sehat adalah petugas puskesmas (94,5%). Prasarana yang mendukung kegiatan PIS-PK di puskesmas menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua puskesmas dalam melakukan pendataan menggunakan formulir Prokesga sebanyak 97,8 persen. Keberadaan sinyal telepon selular di puskesmas sebanyak 85,5 persen dan keberadaan sinyal internet sebanyak 73,2 persen. Baru separuh puskesmas memiliki Pinkesga sebanyak 58,5 persen, stetoskop dan alat ukur tekanan darah air raksa, hampir semua puskesmas memiliki alat tersebut. Alat ukur tekanan darah digital hanya 71,4 persen. Kata kunci: PIS-PK, Keluarga Sehat, Puskesmas Abstract The Healthy Indonesia Program (Program Indonesia Sehat) is the main health development program planned to achieve through the Ministry of Health's Strategic Plan for 2015-2019. Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga (PIS-PK) is one of the ways the primary health care (PHC) can increase the reach of targets and bring closer / increase access to health services in their working areas by visiting families. To support the implementation of the family approach it is necessary to strengthen the PHC’s as one of the spearheads. Such reinforcement, among others, is done through the fulfillment of PHC’s resources, including human resources, infrastructure and tools. The purpose of this study is to find out about the readiness of Human Resources and Infrastructure Facilities of PHC in running PIS-PK. The results of this study indicate that for workers who support the PIS-PK data collection activities in health centers throughout Indonesia, the highest number of midwives is 29.8 percent who attend the PIS-PK training and the most 94.5 percent. Whereas for infrastructure that supports PIS-PK activities at the PHC, it shows that almost all PHC in carrying out the data collection used the Prokesga form as much as 97.8 percent. The presence of mobile cellular signals in PHC is 85.5 percent and the presence of internet signals is 73.2 percent. Whereas for the availability of Pinkesga, only half of the PHC have Pinkesga as much as 58.5 percent, while for stethoscopes and mercury blood pressure measuring devices, almost all PHC have these devices, for digital blood pressure measuring devices only 71.4 percent Keywords: PIS-PK, Health Family, primary health care (PHC)

Front Matter Vol. 3 No. 1 April 2019 Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

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Back Matter Vol. 3 No. 1 April 2019 Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Journal of Research and Development in Health Services)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

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Contact Name -

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Location Kota adm. jakarta pusat, Dki jakarta INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota adm. jakarta pusat,

Dki jakarta

INDONESIA