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Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Nusa Bangsa
ISSN : 20863446     EISSN : 2621508X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Jurnal Sains Natural is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication with the objectives to explore the knowledge about natural sciences. This journal incorporates not only all branches of chemistry and biology, but also sub-disciplines like Biochemistry, Polymer, Agricultural chemistry, Environmental chemistry, etc.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): Sains Natural" : 5 Documents clear
KARAKTERISTIK KOPI BUBUK ARABIKA (Coffea arabica L) TERFERMENTASI Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mia Azizah; RTM Sutamihardja; Nova Wijaya
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (538.032 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v9i1.173

Abstract

Characteristics  Of Arabica Ground Coffee (Coffea arabica L) Fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Coffee is one of the plantation commodities that have higher economic value among other plantation crops. Arabica coffee has superior quality and taste compared to others. Coffee has been widely processed into grounded coffee products. The quality of ground coffee is influenced by many factors; one of them is processing. In the processing of coffee fruit into coffee beans the process that is certain to occur is fermentation. Fermentation affects ground coffee quality products. This study focused on observing the quality of arabica ground coffee fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The quality parameters of the ground coffee observed include water content, coffee extract and caffeine content. Other qualities supporting parameters are pH of ground coffee and phytochemical test. In addition, the fermentation pH was also observed in the fermentation process, reducing sugar content and qualitative testing of ethanol. Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration was varied 0% (K0), 1% (K1), 2% (K2), 3% (K3) and 4% (K4) with duration of fermentation is  for 24 hours. The quality of arabica ground coffee products is in accordance with SNI Ground Coffee 01-3542-2004 with the following values: Water content 2,3-1,6% b/b. Coffee extract 30,7-30,3% b/b. Caffeine content 1,18-1,01% b/b. The pH of brewed ground coffee is 6,5-5,1. Alkaloids, saponins and tannins were detected in all different treatments of ground coffee samples. Flavonoids were only detected in the treatment of K0 ground coffee samples. The fermentation pH at the initial state was 5,61 and after fermentation was 4,91-3,89. Reducing sugar content at the initial state was 32,35% b/b and after fermentation 21,2-4,3% b/b. Ethanol was detected in all samples before and after fermentation.Keywords: Coffea Arabica L, Ground Coffee Quality, Fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ABSTRAK Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditi perkebunan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi diantara tanaman perkebunan lainnya. Kopi Arabika memiliki karakteristik dan cita rasa superior dibanding yang lainnya. Kopi banyak diolah menjadi produk kopi bubuk. Karakteristik kopi bubuk dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor salah satunya adalah berdasarkan cara pengolahan. Pada pengolahan dari buah kopi sampai menjadi biji kopi suatu proses yang pasti dilalui, yaitu fermentasi. Fermentasi berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik kopi bubuk yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini difokuskan mengamati karakteristik kopi bubuk Arabika hasil fermentasi menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Parameter karakteristik kopi bubuk yang diamati meliputi kadar air, sari kopi dan kadar kafein. Parameter penunjang karakteristik lainnya, yaitu pH seduhan kopi bubuk dan uji fitokimia. Selain itu, pada proses fermentasi juga diamati pH fermentasi, kadar gula pereduksi dan uji kualitatif etanol. Konsentrasi Saccharomyces cerevisiae divariasikan 0% (K0), 1% (K1), 2% (K2), 3% (K3) dan 4% (K4) dengan durasi waktu fermentasi selama 24 jam. Karakteristik kopi bubuk Arabika yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan SNI Kopi Bubuk 01-3542-2004 dengan nilai sebagai berikut: kadar air 2,33–1,6% b/b, sari kopi 30,7 – 30,3% b/b, kadar kafein 1,18–1,01% b/b dan pH seduhan kopi bubuk 6,5–5,1. Alkaloid, saponin dan tanin terdeteksi pada semua perlakuan sampel kopi bubuk. Flavonoid hanya terdeteksi pada perlakuan sampel kopi bubuk K0. pH fermentasi pada keadaan awal 5,61 dan setelah fermentasi 4,91–3,89. Kadar gula pereduksi pada keadaan awal 32,35% b/b dan setelah fermentasi 21,2–4,3% b/b. Etanol terdeteksi pada semua sampel sebelum dan setelah fermentasi.Kata kunci: Coffea Arabica L, mutu kopi bubuk, Fermentasi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
BENTONIT TERAKTIVASI ASAM SULFAT SEBAGAI ADSORBEN DALAM PEMURNIAN PELUMAS BEKAS Tiva Lathifah; Nia Yuliani; Gladys Ayu Paramita Kusumah Wardhani
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (462.537 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v9i1.170

Abstract

Activated Bentonits of Sulfatic Acid as Adsorben in Purchase of Used Lubricants Recycling of used lubricating oil is one of the alternatives in the framework of efficiency, saving oil consumption, and reducing pollution. One effort to purify used lubricating oil is to separate impurities through the adsorption method. The adsorbent that can be used is bentonite. Activation of bentonite using acid will produce adsorbent with an active side and greater surface acidity so that the adsorption ability is higher than before activated. Characteristics of lubricating oil produced are: kinematic viscosity 40 °C and 100 °C at 109.94 cSt and 14.57 cSt recently; viscosity index is 136; specific gravity 15 °C is 0.8872; and the resulting color is L5.0. Activated sulfonic bentonite can be an optimum adsorbent in purifying used lubricating oil, with optimum bentonite concentration is 30% and optimum adsorption temperature is 70 °C resulting in a 49% increase in viscosity efficiency of 40 °C and 30.79% for temperatures of 100 °C.Keywords: Bentonite, Lubricants, Adsorption  ABSTRAK Daur ulang minyak pelumas bekas merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam rangka efisiensi, penghematan konsumsi minyak bumi, serta mengurangi pencemaran. Salah satu upaya menjernihkan minyak pelumas bekas adalah dengan memisahkan zat-zat pengotor melalui metode adsorpsi. Adsorben yang dapat digunakan adalah bentonit. Aktivasi bentonit menggunakan asam akan menghasilkan adsorben dengan sisi aktif dan keasaman permukaan yang lebih besar sehingga kemampuan adsorpsinya lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sebelum  diaktivasi. Karakteristik minyak pelumas yang dihasilkan yaitu: viskositas kinematik 40 °C  dan 100 °C  sebesar 109,94 cSt dan 14,57 cSt secara berturut-turut; indeks viskositas sebesar 136; specific gravity 15 °C  sebesar 0,8872; serta warna yang dihasilkan adalah L5,0. Bentonit teraktivasi asam sulfat mampu menjadi adsorben yang optimum dalam pemurnian minyak pelumas bekas, dengan  konsentrasi bentonit optimum adalah 30% dan suhu adsorpsi optimum adalah 70 °C menghasilkan % efisiensi kenaikan viskositas  sebesar 49,15% untuk suhu 40 °C dan 30,79% untuk suhu 100 °C.Kata kunci : adsorpsi, bentonit, pelumas
POTENSI SENYAWAAN NITROGEN DAN FOSFAT PADA PENCEMARAN SUNGAI CILIWUNG HULU KOTA BOGOR Indri Suswanti; RTM Sutamihardja; Dian Arrisujaya
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (722.422 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v9i1.186

Abstract

Potential Of Phosphate and Nitrogen Compounds in Pollution of The Upper Ciliwung River in Bogor River is a habitat for various types of aquatic organisms that can provide an overview of the state of the river, such as the quality and quantity of ecological relationships that occur within it. Ciliwung is one of the rivers that flow to Jakarta via Puncak, Bogor Regency, Bogor City, Depok City and empties into the Bay of Jakarta. In 2015, the quality status of the upstream Ciliwung river had moderate polluted status. One parameter for reviewing water quality is nutrient content (phosphate and nitrogen). The presence of high nutrients can stimulate the growth of algae in waters that can harm the aquatic ecosystem. This study shows that there is a relations and positive relations with a correlation coefficient of 0.508 on the nitrogen and phosphate compounds in the upstream Ciliwung river water pollution. The concentration of nitrogen compounds is higher than that of phosphate.Keywords: Ciliwung, Nitrogen, Phosphates, River, Relations. ABSTRAK Sungai merupakan suatu habitat bagi berbagai jenis organisme akuatik yang dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai keadaan sungai, seperti kualitas dan kuantitas dari hubungan ekologis yang terjadi didalamnya. Sungai Ciliwung merupakan salah satu sungai yang mengalir kearah Jakarta melalui Puncak, Kabupaten Bogor, Kota Bogor, Kota Depok dan bermuara ke Teluk Jakarta. Pada tahun 2015, status mutu sungai Ciliwung bagian hulu memiliki status tercemar sedang. Salah satu parameter peninjauan kualitas air adalah kandungan zat hara (fosfat dan nitrogen). Keberadaan zat hara yang tinggi dapat menstimulasi ledakkan pertumbuhan algae di perairan yang dapat merugikan ekosistem perairan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan yang sedang dan positif dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,508 terhadap senyawaan nitrogen dan fosfat pada pencemaran air sungai Ciliwung bagian hulu. Konsentrasi senyawaan nitrogen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan fosfat.Kata kunci: Ciliwung, Nitrogen, Fosfat, Hubungan, Sungai.
TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BIJI KOPI ARABICA (Coffea arabica L.) DALAM MENGHASILKAN KADAR KAFEIN Srikandi Srikandi; Aprilia Widia Kristanti; RTM Sutamihardja
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (527.362 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v9i1.189

Abstract

Levels of Arabica (Coffea Arabica L.) Coffee Materials in Producing Caffein Coffee is a plantation crop that has long been cultivated in Indonesia. One type of coffee grown in Indonesia, namely arabica coffee. Arabica coffee is coffee that has superior quality compared to other types of coffee. Testing of caffeine content in Sukamakmur village arabica coffee is differentiated into three types of coffee berries based on the maturity level of the coffee fruit. The level of maturity of coffee fruit is marked by the color of coffee fruit skin. The collection of young coffee fruit is characterized by green fruit rind, half-aged coffee, orange rind and old coffee, dark red rind. Arabica coffee fruit is processed from drying, drying, and roasting and grinding into arabica ground coffee. Powder coffee samples are used for water content testing, phytochemical identification, and caffeine level testing. Caffeine content testing using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results of water content testing showed that the highest water content was found in coffee with a maturity level of half old, the lowest moisture content found in old coffee. Phytochemical identification testing performed showed powdered coffee samples containing active compounds of saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids, as well as tannins. The highest caffeine content is found in ground coffee with the maturity level of coffee half old at 1.56% and the lowest caffeine level in ground coffee with a young coffee level of 0.93%.Keywords : Coffea arabica L., Level of maturity, Level of caffeine. ABSTRAKKopi adalah tanaman perkebunan yang sudah lama dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Salah satu jenis kopi yang ditanam di Indonesia, yaitu kopi arabika. Kopi arabika merupakan kopi yang memiliki kualitas superior dibanding jenis kopi lainnya. Pengujian kadar kafein pada kopi arabika desa Sukamakmur dibedakan menjadi tiga jenis pengambilan buah kopi berdasarkan tingkat kematangan buah kopi. Tingkat kematangan buah kopi ditandai dengan warna kulit buah kopi. Pengambilan buah kopi muda ditandai dengan kulit buah berwarna hijau, kopi setengah tua, kulit buah berwarna jingga dan kopi tua, kulit buah berwarna merah tua. Buah kopi arabika diolah dari penjemuran, pengeringan, dan penyangraian serta penggilingan menjadi kopi bubuk arabika. Sampel kopi bubuk digunakan untuk bahan pengujian kadar air, identifikasi fitokimia dan pengujian kadar kafein. Pengujian kadar kafein menggunakan metode spektrofometri UV-Vis. Hasil pegujian kadar air menunjukkan bahwa kadar air tertinggi terdapat pada kopi dengan tingkat kematangan setengah tua, kadar air terendah terdapat pada kopi tua. Pengujian identifikasi fitokimia yang dilakukan menunjukan sampel kopi bubuk mengandung senyawa aktif saponin, flavonoid, dan alkaloid, serta tanin. Kadar kafein tertinggi terdapat pada kopi bubuk dengan tingkat kematangan kopi setengah tua sebesar 1,56% dan kadar kafein terendah pada kopi bubuk dengan tingkat kopi muda sebesar 0,93%.Kata kunci: Coffea arabica L., Tingkat kematangan, Kadar kafein.
KONSERVASI EX-SITU HARIMAU SUMATERA (Panthera tigris sumatrae) DI TMR JAKARTA Yultisman Yultisman; Mia Azizah; Supriono Eko Wardoyo
JURNAL SAINS NATURAL Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019): Sains Natural
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (597.007 KB) | DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v9i1.190

Abstract

Ex-situ conservation of Sumatran tigers (Panthera tigris sumatrae) in Ragunan wildlife park, Jakarta                 Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) is one of the endemic species of Indonesia, which until now still live on the island of Sumatra. According to the International Conservation Agency, the existence of the animal is approaching extinction. Taman Marga Satwa Ragunan is one of Sumatran tiger conservation institution. The purpose of the research was to know the breeding of Sumatran tiger in Ragunan Wildlife Park conservation area, to know the proper conservation strategy for Sumatran tiger and to know Sumatran tiger activity ex-situ. The research was conducted at the Sumatran Tiger in Taman Marga Satwa Ragunan. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. Taman Marga Satwa Ragunan has made a proper effort in tiger conservation, this is marked by an increase in the Sumatran Tiger population.Keywords: Sumatran Tiger, Conservation, Ragunan Wildlife Park ABSTRAK Harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris sumatrae) merupakan salah satu satwa endemik Indonesia, yang hingga saat ini masih hidup di pulau Sumatera. Menurut lembaga konservasi Internasional keberadaan satwa ini sudah mendekati kepunahan.Taman Marga Satwa Ragunan adalah salah satu lembaga konservasi Harimau Sumatera.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perkembangbiakan harimau sumatera dikawasan konservasi TMR, mengetahui strategi konservasi yang tepat untuk harimau sumatera dan mengetahui aktivitas harimau sumatera secara ex-situ.Penelitian ini di lakukan di kandang Harimau Sumatera di Taman Marga Satwa Ragunan, hasil dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif.Taman Margasatawa Ragunan merupakan tempat konservasi yang cocok bagi Harimau Sumatera, ini ditandai dengan adanya peningkatan populasi dari awal tahun pendirian TMR (Tahun 1980) sampai dengan saat sekarang iniKata Kunci : Harimau Sumatera, Konservasi, TMR

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