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International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 22524940     EISSN : 27164519     DOI : https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry Energy
The scope of journal encompasses: Photovoltaic technology, Solar thermal applications, Biomass, Wind energy technology, Material science and technology, Low energy Architecture, Geothermal energy, Wave and Tidal energy, Hydro power, Hydrogen Production Technology, Energy Policy, Socio-economic on energy, Energy efficiency and management The journal was first introduced in February 2012 and regularly published online three times a year (February, July, October).
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016" : 10 Documents clear
Design and Development of Prototype Cylindrical Parabolic Solar Collector for Water Heating Application Kulkarni, Hrushikesh Bhujangrao
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.49-55

Abstract

Concentrating collectors absorbs solar energy and convert it into heat for generating hot water, steam at required temperature, which can be further used for solar thermal applications. The developing countries like India where solar energy is abundantly available; there is need to develop technology for harnessing solar energy for power production, but the main problem associated with concentrating solar power technology is the high cost of installation and low output efficiency. To solve this problem, a prototype cylindrical parabolic solar collector having aperture area of 1.89 m2 is designed and developed using low cost highly reflecting and absorbing material to reduce initial cost of project and improve thermal efficiency. ASHRAE Standard 93, 1986 was used to evaluate the thermal performance and it was observed that this system can generate hot water at an average temperature of 500C per day with an average efficiency of 49% which is considerable higher than flat plate solar collectors. Hot water produced by this system can be useful for domestic, agricultural, industrial process heat applications.Article History: Received Sept 19, 2015; Received in revised form Dec 23, 2015; Accepted February 2, 2016; Available online How to Cite This Article: Bhujangrao, K.H. (2016). Design and Development of Prototype Cylindrical Parabolic Solar Collector for Water Heating Application. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1), 49-55 http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.49-55 
Design, Analysis and Optimization of a Solar Dish/Stirling System Nazemi, Seyyed Danial; Boroushaki, Mehrdad
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.33-42

Abstract

In this paper, a mathematical model by which the thermal and physical behavior of a solar dish/Stirling system was investigated, then the system was designed, analysed and optimized. In this regard, all of heat losses in a dish/Stirling system were calculated, then, the output net-work of the Stirling engine was computed, and accordingly, the system efficiency was worked out. These heat losses include convection and conduction heat losses, radiation heat losses by emission in the cavity receiver, reflection heat losses of solar energy in the parabolic dish, internal and external conduction heat losses, energy dissipation by pressure drops, and energy losses by shuttle effect in displacer piston in the Stirling engine. All of these heat losses in the parabolic dish, cavity receiver and Stirling engine were calculated using mathematical modeling in MatlabTM software. For validation of the proposed model, a 10 kW solar dish/Stirling system was designed and the simulation results were compared with the Eurodish system data with a reasonable degree of agreement. This model is used to investigate the effect of geometric and thermodynamic parameters including the aperture diameter of the parabolic dish and the cavity receiver, and the pressure of the compression space of the Stirling engine, on the system performance. By using the PSO method, which is an intelligent optimization technique, the total design was optimized and the optimal values of decision-making parameters were determined. The optimization has been done in two scenarios. In the first scenario, the optimal value of each designed parameter has been changed when the other parameters are equal to the designed case study parameters. In the second scenario, all of parameters were assumed in their optimal values. By optimization of the modeled dish/Stirling system, the total efficiency of the system improved to 0.60% in the first scenario and it increased from 21.69% to 22.62% in the second scenario of the optimization, while the system variables changed slightly. Article History: Received Sept 28, 2015; Received in revised form January 08, 2016; Accepted February 15, 2016; Available online How to Cite This Article: Nazemi, S. D. and Boroushaki, M. (2016) Design, Analysis and Optimization of a Solar Dish/Stirling System. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1), 33-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.33-42 
Techno-Economic Evaluation of Solar Irrigation Plants Installed in Bangladesh Hoque, Najmul; Roy, Amit; Beg, Mohd. Rafiqul Alam; Das, B. K.
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.73-78

Abstract

In the summer season, irrigation sector in Bangladesh suffers a lot due to the country wide electricity crisis. Solar pump offers a clean and simple alternative to the conventional fuel fired engine or grid electricity driven pump in this regard to resolve the issue. In this paper, the techno-economic analyses of solar irrigation plants installed in Bangladesh are evaluated.  It was observed that systems were running around 70% to 80% of the rated power which was quite acceptable. A 10 hp pump was able to pump 600 liter of water per minute which was also satisfactory to irrigate the land. Average operating time was found to be 8 hour/day. It was found that the overall efficiency of the systems were in between 11.39% to 16.52% whereas the typical average value of lit/Wp/year was 9200. On the other hand, the cost of irrigation to cultivate paddy in 0.161 hectares’ land for one season was 1,750 BDT by solar irrigation which was found to be lower than that of other available modes. This charge for grid electricity based irrigation was about 3,000 to 3500 BDT per 0.161 hectares’ and 2,300 to 2,600 BDT per 0.161 hectares’ for diesel engine based irrigation. According to the current financial scheme (15% equity investment, 35% credit support and remaining 50% from government through IDCOL) the average value of payback period was 5.43 years, NPV in the range from 7 to 15% and IRR was 18%. By considering 100% equity investment, however, these projects were not economically attractive. The payback period for this case was about 18 years. Study also revealed that each solar irrigation plant reduces 42.8 kg of CO2 emission per day compare to diesel engine operated pump and 2566.24 kg/day compared to grid electricity operated pump. A comprehensive effort from the Government as well as from all the stakeholders is required for further expansion of solar irrigation plants in Bangladesh. Article History: Received Sept 05, 2015; Received in revised form Dec 15, 2015; Accepted February 2, 2016; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Hoque, N., Roy, A., Beg, M.R.A. and Das, B.K. (2016) Techno-Economic Evaluation of Solar Irrigation Plants Installed in Bangladesh. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1), 73-78.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.73-78 
Evaluation of Energy Use in Public Housing in Lagos, Nigeria: Prospects for Renewable Energy Sources Ezema, Isidore Chukwunweike; Olotuah, Abiodun O.; Fagbenle, Olabosipo I.
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.15-24

Abstract

Even though domestic energy can be from either renewable or non-renewable sources, the former is preferred because of its role in reducing both the operational energy intensity and carbon footprint. Given the positive role renewable energy plays in the energy mix, this paper examined the pattern of operational energy use with particular reference to the renewable and non-renewable energy content in medium and high density public residential buildings in Lagos, Nigeria. A survey research method was adopted for primary data collection while data analysis was by descriptive statistics. The study found that renewable energy use in the residential units is very low. In contrast, there was high dependence of the occupants on non-renewable direct fuel combustion through the use of fossil fuel-driven privately-owned electricity generators for electricity supply as a result of the inadequate supply from the national grid. In addition to the relatively high operational energy intensity observed in the studied buildings, the findings have implications for the safety, health and wellbeing of the building occupants as well as for carbon emissions from the buildings and for overall environmental sustainability. Recommendations to increase renewable energy use in new buildings and as retrofits in existing buildings were made. Article History: Received Oct 18, 2015; Received in revised form January 14, 2016; Accepted January 30, 2016; Available online How to Cite This Article: Ezema, I.C., Olotuah, A.O., and Fagbenle, O.I, S. (2016) Evaluation of Energy Use in Public Housing in Lagos, Nigeria: Prospects for Renewable Energy Sources. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1),15-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.15-24 
Assessment of Wind Energy Potential in Golestan Province of Iran Hashemi-Tilehnoee, Mehdi; Khaleghi, Masoud; Babayani, Dayan
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.25-31

Abstract

Renewable energy sources are estimated to have a thriving future in many countries as well as Iran. The aim of this work is the evaluation of wind energy potentiality for the five counties of Golestan province in the northern region of Iran. A long term data source, consisting of  30 years in Gorgan, 22 years in Gonbade-e Qabus, 21 years in Maraveh Tappeh, 9 years in Aliabad, and 7 years in Bandar-e Turkaman of eight-hourly mean wind data, was adopted and analyzed. Mean wind power based on quantified data, Weibull distribution function, the relative percentage error (RPE) and wind direction between obtaining values of wind power has been considered. According to these data, it was found that the numerical values of the shape parameter and scale parameter for Golestan varied a tight range. Annual values of ‘‘k’’ ranged from 2.7 to 4.7 where it is constant in different elevation because of better performance of this method in estimating wind energy potential, while annual values of ‘‘c’’ were in the range of 2.6 m/s in 10 m and 7.6 m/s in 40 m. Wind power densities have been estimated and relatively low for large wind turbines. The consequences indicate that in some months Maraveh Tappeh and Bandar-e Turkaman has best wind energy potential, as class 2, in order to establish some small wind turbine models for the sustainable development of Golestan province. Article History: Received Sept 13, 2015; Received in revised form Dec 27, 2015; Accepted January 17, 2016; Available online How to Cite This Article: Babayani, D., Khaleghi, M. and Hashemi-Tilehnoee, M. (2016) Assessment of Wind Energy Potential in Golestan Province of Iran. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1), 25-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.25-31 
Effect of the Dust on the Performance of Solar Water Collectors in Iraq Ahmed, Omer Khalil
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.65-72

Abstract

There is little research about it in present literatures in Iraq. So the effect of dust accumulation on the performance of conventional of solar collectors is analyzed. The experimental study was carried out mainly on a flat solar collector, which comprised the major part of this work. According to the experimental results obtained, there is a limited decrease in the instantaneous efficiency which was 1.6 % for the dirty collector. At load condition, the outlet temperature reaches a maximum value of 43.85oC at 12 noon without dust on the front glass and 33.7 oC in the presence of the dust. The instantaneous efficiency reaches its maximum value of 49.74 % at 12 noon without dust and 48.94% with dust after that the efficiency was decreased. The variation of useful transferred energy closely follows the variation of solar intensity and reaches its maximum value of 690 W/m2 at 12 noon in the presence of the dust for this particular day. It is also observed that, at the second half of the day, there is a large decrease in the instantaneous efficiency resulting from a large reduction in the useful energy transferred. Therefore, for Iraqi places, daily cleaning of the glass covers is strictly recommended as part of the maintenance works but the equipment should be cleaned immediately after a dust storm to keep the collector efficient. Article History: Received August 16, 2015; Received in revised form Nov 17, 2015; Accepted Dec 19, 2015; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Ahmed, O.K (2016). Effect of the Dust on the Performance of Solar Water Collectors in Iraq. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1), 65-72.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.65-72 
Evaluating wind energy potential in Gorgan–Iran using two methods of Weibull distribution function Hashemi-Tilehnoee, Mehdi; Babayani, Dayan; Khaleghi, Masoud
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.43-48

Abstract

In this study, wind energy characteristics of the, a city in northeast of Iran, measured at 10m height in 2014. The Gorgan airport one hour recorded data extrapolated to 50m height. The data have been statistically analyzed hourly, daily, monthly, seasonally and annually to determine the wind power potential. Weibull distribution function has been used to determine the wind power density and then the potential energy. Standard deviation method and power density method are the methods used to calculate the scaling and shaping parameters of the Weibull distribution function. The annual mean wind power calculated by the standard deviation method and the power density method is 38.98w/m2 and 41.32w/m2, respectively. By comparing the results concluded that the power density method is a better method than the standard deviation method. In addition, Gorgan wind energy potentiality categorized into class 1. So is unsuitable to utilize large wind energy turbine. Article History: Received November 21, 2015; Received in revised form January 15, 2016; Accepted February 10, 2016; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Babayani, D., Khaleghi, M., Tashakor, S., and Hashemi-Tilehnoee.,M. (2016) Evaluating wind energy potential in Gorgan–Iran using two methods of Weibull distribution function. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1), 43-48.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.43-48 
Bioethanol Production from Iles-Iles (Amorphopallus campanulatus) Flour by Fermentation using Zymomonas mobilis Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati; Hadiyanto, H; Kusumadewi, Indah
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.9-14

Abstract

Due to the depletion of fossil oil sources, Indonesia attempts to search new source of bioenergy including bioethanol. One of this sources is Iles-iles tubers (Amorphophallus campanulatus), which is abundantly available in Java Indonesia. The carbohydrate content in Iles-Iles tuber flour was 77% and it can be converted to ethanol by three consecutive steps methods consist of liquefaction-saccharification using α and β-amylase, respectively and then followed by fermentation by using Z. mobilis. The objective of this research was to convert the Iles-iles flour to bioethanol by fermentation process with Z.mobilis. The ethanol production process was studied at various starch concentration 15-30% g/L, Z. mobilis concentration (10-40%) and pH fermentation of (4-6). The result showed that the yield of bioethanol (10.33%) was the highest at 25% starch concentration and 25% of Z.mobilis concentration. The optimum conditions was found at 4.5, 30°C, 10%, 120 h for pH, temperature, Z. mobilis concentration and fermentation time, respectively  at which  ACT tuber flour produced a maximum ethanol of 10.33 % v/v.Article History: Received November 12nd 2015; Received in revised form January 25th 2016; Accepted January 29th 2016; Available online How to Cite This Article: Kusmiyati , Hadiyanto,H  and Kusumadewi, I (2016). Bioethanol Production from Iles-Iles (Amorphopallus campanulatus) Flour by Fermentation using Zymomonas mobilis. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 9(1), 9-14 http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.9-14 
Taming the Renewables: Actors’ Innovation in Improving the Utilisation of Biogas for Everyday Use in Agricultural Setting Alam, Meredian
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.57-64

Abstract

Biogas development in Indonesia has reached a large number of users since 2009 and the technology has had a successful adoption rate at the local level. However, the ways that users develop and adopt innovation with regards to this useful technology has been under-researched. This study aims to address the innovations being undertaken by biogas users; these innovations are a decentralising process of technical knowledge that is based on users’ interpretations of pre-existing social and cultural values they experience in everyday life. Through innovation, users can demonstrate a greater sense of ownership, which leads to them feeling more able to integrate the biogas into their lives, including its incorporation into agricultural activities at home. The main recommendation drawn from this research is that users’ ideas and knowledge, as well as the social-cultural values underlying their everyday lives, should be taken into account in order to ensure successful construction processes and that they be understood as co-shaping elements that will enable a smooth immersion of the users and the technology.Article History: Received November 26th 2015; Received in revised form January 15th 2016; Accepted January 26th 2016; Available online How to Cite This Article: Alam, M. (2016) Taming the Renewables: Actors’ Innovation in Improving the Utilisation of Biogas for Daily Use in Agricultural Setting. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1),57-64 . http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.57-64 
A New Method for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) Blade Optimization Mohammadi, Mohammadreza; Mohammadi, Alireza; Farahat, Said
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 5, No 1 (2016): February 2016
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.5.1.1-8

Abstract

Iran has a great potential for wind energy. This paper introduces optimization of 7 wind turbine blades for small and medium scales in a determined wind condition of Zabol site, Iran, where the average wind speed is considered 7 m /s. Considered wind turbines are 3 bladed and radius of 7 case study turbine blades are 4.5 m, 6.5 m, 8 m, 9 m, 10 m, 15.5 m and 20 m. As the first step, an initial design is performed using one airfoil (NACA 63-215) across the blade. In the next step, every blade is divided into three sections, while the 20 % of first part of the blade is considered as root, the 5% of last the part is considered as tip and the rest of the blade as mid part. Providing necessary input data, suitable airfoils for wind turbines including 43 airfoils are extracted and their experimental data are entered in optimization process. Three variables in this optimization problem would be airfoil type, attack angle and chord, where the objective function is maximum output torque. A MATLAB code was written for design and optimization of the blade, which was validated with a previous experimental work. In addition, a comparison was made to show the effect of optimization with two variables (airfoil type and attack angle) versus optimization with three variables (airfoil type, attack angle and chord) on output torque increase. Results of this research shows a dramatic increase in comparison to initial designed blade with one airfoil where two variable optimization causes 7.7% to 22.27 % enhancement and three variable optimization causes 17.91% up to 24.48% rise in output torque .Article History: Received Oct 15, 2015; Received in revised form January 2, 2016; Accepted January 14, 2016; Available online How to Cite This Article: Mohammadi, M., Mohammadi, A. and Farahat, S. (2016) A New Method for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) Blade Optimization. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 5(1),1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.5.1.1-8

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