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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi Indonesia)
Published by Perkumpulan Obstetri dan Ginekologi Indonesia
ISSN : 23386401     EISSN : 23387335     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
The Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology is an official publication of the Indonesian Society of Obstetrics and Gynekology. INAJOG is published quarterly.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,731 Documents
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Subchorionic Hematoma on Threatened Abortion as Risk Factors Occurrence of Spontaneous Abortion Ketut R.D. Wijayanti
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 4, October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Objective: To determine whether sub chorionic hematoma increases the risks of spontaneous abortion. Method: Study using prospective cohort design, in which case group was 30 patients with threatened abortion having subchorionic hematoma during 7-20 weeks gestational age (GA), and control group was 30 patients with threatened abortion not having subchorionic hematoma. Diagnosis was confirmed using the aid of ultrasound (USG) (Medison Sondace Live Prime 8000®). The sampling method was consecutive sampling of 7-20 weeks GA pregnancy, with minimum CRL measurements 10 mm, who came to obstetrics emergency room or outpatient clinic at Sanglah General Hospital. Patients were followed until 20 weeks GA by physical and USG examination. If the evaluation results were normal, patients were managed as a normal pregnancy. But if it had the same condition as diagnosis for threatened abortion, patients were re-managed as threatened abortion or according to current diagnosis. Result: The average age of patient, gestational age upon examination at first visit and parity of case and control group were not statistically different (p>0.05). Percentage of spontaneous abortion within the case and control group was 40% and 13.33% respectively. The relative risks of spontaneous abortion were three times higher in the threatened group with subchorionic hematoma (RR=3; IK 95% = 1.09-8.25; p=0.02). Median time span of the occurence of spontaneous abortion in the case and control group was 12 and 16 weeks respectively. Conclusion: The risk of spontaneous abortion in threatened abortion with subchorionic hematoma was 3 times higher than those without subchorionic hematoma. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 35-4:170-2] Key words: threatened abortion, subchorionic hematoma.
Vitamin C Level in Pregnant Women with Premature Rupture of the Membrane (PROM) and in Women with Normal Pregnancy Sarah Rizka
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 4, October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Objective: To compare vitamin C level in term pregnant women with PROM and in women with normal pregnancy. Method: This is a cross sectional study, research from July 2010 until June 2011. Inclusion criteria are full term pregnant women with and without PROM. After the diagnosis is confirmed as PROM, mothers blood was taken from mediana cubiti venous to check the vitamin C level and leucocytes in mothers serum. Pregnancy with complication is the exclusion criteria. Result: There were 52 subjects that fulfilled the acceptance and rejection criteria after divided into 2 groups, the 1st group was with PROM and the 2nd groups were normal. Based on the laboratory examinations, the mean of vitamin C levels in PROM groups is 0.731 ± 0.182 μg/dl and the normal groups is 0.722 ± 0.169 μg/dl, there is no significant difference (p=0.852). Leucocyte examination was done to know whether there was infection or not. The mean value from the PROM groups is 14330.77 ± 6552.90 μg/dl. And from the normal groups is 12973.08 ± 4160.24 μg/dl, there is significant difference (p=0.377). Conclusion: There is no significant difference of Vitamin C level between maternal plasma with PROM and the one without PROM. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 35-4:173-5] Keywords: PROM, normal pregnancy, vitamin C
Relation between C-Reactive Protein Level and Intrauterine Infection in Pregnant Women with Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) Edwin Perdana
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 4, October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Objective: To know the relationship between C-Reactive protein level in the blood of pregnant women with premature rupture of membrane (PROM) less than 12 hours and the incidence of intrauterine. Method: This study was case series in 55 pregnant women with PROM less than 12 hours at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Faculty, University of Sriwijaya Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang from July 1, 2009 until January 1, 2010. Data analysis was performed using Pearson Correlation test. Result: The mean levels of C-reactive protein in pregnant women with PROM less than 12 hours was 27.12±15.58 mg/dl, in which 16.4% women had C-reactive protein level ≤ 10 mg/dl and 83.6% women had C-reactive protein level > 10 mg/dl. The mean rectal temperature of women was 37.41 ± 19°C, in which 85.5% women had rectal temperature < 38°C. The mean of leucocyte count in women was 10586 ± 2835/mm3, in which 69.1% women had leucocyte count < 15000/mm3. The correlation value between C-reactive protein level with rectal temperature was R=0.218 with p=0.110 and the correlation value between C-reactive protein level with leucocyte count was R=0.236 with p=0.082. Conclusion: C-reactive protein can not be used as a single predictor of intrauterine infection. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 35-4:176-8] Keywords: C-reactive protein, intrauterine infection, premature rupture of membrane (PROM)
Effect of the Feeding of Formula Milk Enriched with Pro-Antioxidants for the Prevention of Preeclampsia; Study of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) and Cell-Free mRNA of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in Plasma Noroyono Wibowo
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 4, October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the feeding of formula milk enriched with pro-antioxidants to high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and cell-free mRNA of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the first trimester, second trimester, and post labor for the prevention of preeclampsia. Method: This is double-blinded randomized clinical trial in 8-12 weeks pregnant woman with low (below 900 μmol/l) Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), as a marker of low systemic antioxidant. A total of 104 samples were collected from patients who had antenatal care in Bunda Hospital Jakarta, Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, and Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital from January 2007 until December 2009. From block randomization, 49 samples were allocated in the case group, and 55 samples to the control group. A formula milk enriched with pro-antioxidants was fed to the case group throughout their pregnancy, and a regular pregnancy formula milk was fed to the control group. Hs-CRP and cell-free mRNA PAI-1 test in the two groups at first trimester, second, and post labour was conducted. The incidence of preeclampsia was then compared in the two groups. Result: Significant difference (p
Correlation between Content of Collagen I and Tenascin-C Sacrouterine Ligament in the Uterine Prolapse Aditya Mulyakusumah
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 4, October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Objective: To analyze differences in mean and correlation between content of collagen I and tenascin-C sacrouterine ligaments in patients with uterine prolapse. Method: This type of research is analytic comparative and cross sectional correlation is cut in two research groups. Well conditioned paraffin block of patients uterine prolapse and without uterine prolapse were stained with immunohistochemical staining. The preparation is examined under a light microscope by the Pathology Specialist, assessment of content is done by looking at the distribution and intensity of the color of collagen fibers and tenascin-C. Result: There were significant mean differences between the content of collagen I and tenascin-C sacrouterine ligament in patients with uterine prolapse and without uterine prolapse (p = 0.001). There was no correlation between the content of collagen I and tenascin-C sacrouterine ligament in patients with uterine prolapse (p = 0.780). Conclusion: There was a difference in the average content of collagen I and tenascin-C in the uterine prolapse group compared with no uterine prolapse group. There was no correlation betweenthe content of collagen I and tenascin-C in the uterine prolapse group. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 35-4:186-90] Keywords: collagen I, tenascin-C, sacrouterine ligament, uterine prolapse
Prenatal Diagnosis and Postnatal Management of Meconium Peritonitis Mila Maidarti
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 4, October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Objective: To present two cases of fetal meconium peritonitis with perforated ileum and without a definite intestinal obstructive lesion. Case report: Two patients who presented prenatally with ultrasound findings of meconium peritonitis and postnatally were found to have perforation of the terminal ileum and meconium peritonitis. In both cases, the diagnosis of meconium peritonitis was suspected prenatally based on the ultrasound findings which were hyperechogenic bowel and abdominal free fluid with increased echogenicity. Both babies were delivered by c-section due to obstetrical indication. After delivery the babies were admitted to the intensive care unit because of a distended abdomen and respiratory distress. An explorative laparotomy revealed perforations of the ileum, and the pediatric surgeon performed adhesiolysis and ileostomy. The infant recovered well after the operation and was fed uneventfully. Conclusions: Echogenic intraabdominal free fluid was the most common ultrasound findings in meconium peritonitis. Early detection of meconium peritonitis was not indicative of poor neonatal outcomes, and selective termination was not necessary, unless indicated for other reasons. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 35-4:191-8] Keywords: prenatal diagnosis, postnatal management, meconium peritonitis
Ovarian Reserve Tests: The Use in Daily Clinical Practice Nusratuddin Abdullah
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 35, No. 4, October 2011
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the significance of conducting ovarian reserve testing and decide when to order this testing in the clinical setting. And also to give individualized counseling to patients regarding the prognosis of infertility treatment based on their ovarian reserve tests, such as: basal antral follicle count, basal ovarian volume, ovarian stromal blood flow, ovarian biopsy, basal serum Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), basal serum estradiol, basal serum inhibin B, basal anti-Mullerian hormone serum. Clomphine Citrate Challenge Test (CCCT), GnRH Agonist Stimulation Test (GA ST), and Exogenous FSH Ovarian Reserve Test (EFORT). Method: Literature study on published studies about the methods of ovarian reserve testing. Conclusion: Ovarian reserve is an important key in initial assessment of the infertile patients and as a predictor of the success of infertility treatment. Currently, there is no single test which is highly reliable for assessing ovarian reserve. AMH serum may be a future hope and suggested as the best biomarker. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2011; 35-4:235-40] Keywords: ovarian reserve test
Removing the uterus and both ovaries: pros and cons of hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy Ali Baziad
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 34, No. 3, July 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Abstract

Removing the uterus and both ovaries, due to many reasons, are still performed at perimenopausal age and due to many reasons, uterus and ovaries removal are still performed at reproductive age. Hysterectomy with or without salphingooophorectomy is still the most common procedure performed not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. Among of all reasons the most frequent one is to improve the quality of life and prevent future malignancies if the uterus and both ovaries are not removed. Malignancies might probably occur although the incidence rate is very low. When both of the ovaries are removed, estrogen will decrease significantly, this will cause short and long term medical problems and decrease the quality of life. The incidence of coronary heart disease and fractures increases as estrogen decreases. A study performed by Parker et al with some of 10.000 women who underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salphingooophorectomy at the age of 50 - 54 years old and did not receive HRT, shows that 838 died due to heart disease.1 Other studies reported cognitive disturbances among women who underwent bilateral salphingooophorectomy.2 Further more, the incidence of depression, anxiety and sexual disturbances is higher in women whose ovaries were removed compared to those who underwent natural menopausal state. If both ovaries were removed and then medical problems occured, the next question would be whether the clinician is willing to give HRT or whether the patient is willing to have HRT? In Indonesia, clinicians are afraid of giving HRT and patients are not willing to have HRT. Then what will happen to the patient? Symptomatic medication is then given. One of the reasons of removing both ovaries is to prevent the occurence malignancies of ovary and breast. HRT will increase the incidence of breast cancer. If it is so, then the patient is at the point of no return. If the uterus is removed, will medical problems happen? Yes, there are papillary thyroid cancer found in women whose uterus were removed.3 It shows that uterus also plays important role in controlling thyroid glands. Levi et al. reported an increased risk of epithelial thyroid cancer in women with artificial menopause (OR 6.3%, 95% CI: 1.7 - 23.2).4 Several studies in Europe and USA concluded that hysterectomy will increase the risk of thyroid cancer.5,6 Estrogen indirectly takes part in controlling the release of HRT, if there is no estrogen then HRT release will increase and trigger the growth of thyroid tumor.3 Myometrium and endometrium also have the ability to produce thyroid hormone. The level of iodothyronine deodinase enzyme is high in myometrium and endometrium, especially during pregnancy.7,8 There are 2 types of deodinase enzyme, type 2 and type 3. D2 enzyme transforms T4 to active T3, while D3 transforms T4 to inactive T3.7,8 If uterus is removed, the T3 will decrease and HRT release will be uncontrolled. Estrogen only (+ progesterone) will increase D2 enzyme activity while estrogen + progesterone will increase D3 activity.9 It shows that estrogen plays more important role in increasing D2 enzyme activity. If there is no uterus, then there is no D2 enzyme available. Uterus also has the ability to syntezise prostacycline. Prostacycline has vasodilatation effect, increasing the blood flow to the heart. Women without uterus will have an increased risk of heart disease. Removing the uterus has to be considered carefully. The incidence of malignancies as a consequence of conserving the uterus is lower compared to the adverse effect due to hysterectomy and bilateral salphingooophorectomy. Further study is needed in Indonesia to evaluate the consequences of hysterectomy and bilateral salphingooophorectomy towards thyroid cancer and quality of life in the future.
The Correlation between Calcium Serum and Calcium Urine Level with the Blood Pressure in Preeclampsia Deni W. Suryono
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 36, No. 1, January 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (97.892 KB) | DOI: 10.32771/inajog.v36i1.277

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the differences of calcium serum and calcium urine level in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy, and to analyze the correlation between calcium serum and calcium urine level with blood pressure. Method: This study is a cross sectional study with 44 women with preeclampsia and 45 women with normal pregnancies, that meet our inclusion criteria. The samples were obtained from Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital and six satellite hospitals from June to September 2011. The comparison of mean calcium serum and calcium urine level of the preeclampsia group was calculated using Mann-Whitney test, and the correlation between calcium serum and calcium urine level and preeclampsia were calculated using Rank Spearman correlation test. Result: The result of the characteristic test in two groups of study shows that both groups are homogenic and comparable. The mean of calcium serum level in women with preeclampsia (7.97 mg/dl) is lower than in normal pregnancy (8.82 mg/dl) with p
Maternal Mortality and Contributing Risk Factors Abi Bazar
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume. 36, No. 1, January 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Socety of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (101.946 KB) | DOI: 10.32771/inajog.v36i1.278

Abstract

Objectives: Maternal mortality is one indicator to assess a nation’s health care quality. This research was conducted to determine the determinant risk factors for maternal mortality. Methods: A retrospective case control study at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital for 5 years, with 200 samples consists of 50 cases of maternal mortality and 150 physiological labor cases as control group. Results: For 5 years, there was 109 cases of maternal mortaliy. Of the 50 samples of maternal mortality cases, the most common cause were preeclampsia/eclampsia (50%), followed by hemorrhage (28%). The risk factors were categorized as distant, intermediate, and outcome factors, as stated by McCarthy et al. On bivariate analysis, we found the significance on maternal education and husband’s occupation (distant factors), residence, referral status, numbers of ANC visits, first attendant, labor facility and history of prior medical history (intermediate factors), and also modes of delivery and complications (outcome factors). On the multivariate analysis to determine the most contributing risks factors for maternal mortality, it was found that maternal education and residence were the most influencing factors for maternal mortality (OR 5.74 and 4.65 respectively; p=0.001). Conclusions: The most contributing risks factors for maternal mortality were maternal education and residence. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-1:8-13] Keywords: case control study, maternal mortality, risk factors.

Page 113 of 174 | Total Record : 1731

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