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Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 20897693 EISSN : 24605921 DOI : -

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Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan aims to expose the results of fundamental and applied research in food and its related fields to scholars, students, and food applicants. The journal covers the fields of application of technology on food, i.e. biotechnology, functional food, food process, health, food related field on agribusiness and agro-technology.

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Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Mei 2018" : 6 Documents clear

Komparasi Aktivitas Antioksidatif Ekstrak Teh Putih (Camellia sinensis Linn.) Dibandingkan Ekstrak Biji Anggur dan BHA pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Rohadi Rohadi; Sri Budi Wahjuningsih
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Mei 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Teh putih merupakan produk olahan teh (Camellia sinensis Linn.) yang spesifik antara lain bahan baku berasal dari pucuk daun teh yang masih menggulung (kuncup), diolah tanpa melalui proses fermentasi dan berwarna putih keperakan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengukur sifat antioksidatif ekstrak teh putih pada berbagai konsentrasi (25-150 ppm) dengan pembanding ekstrak biji anggur (EBA) dan antioksidan sintetik butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Teh putih diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi (bahan: aquades = 1:10; selama 10 menit pada suhu 60±2oC). Seduhan teh disaring dengan kertas saring Whatman 4, filtrat yang diperoleh dikering bekukan sebagai ekstrak teh putih (ETP) yang kemudian disimpan pada suhu <-20oC untuk dilakukan analisis selanjutnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan yield ekstraksi teh putih 14,42±1,66% (b/b), total fenolik dan flavonoid ETP adalah masing-masing sebesar 18,56±0,25 g-GAE/100 g dan 4,28±0,1 g-QE/100 g, sedangkan untuk nilai uji radical scavenging activity-DPPH (RSA-DPPH) ETP adalah 14,15±0,10%. Terdapat signifikansi kapasitas penangkapan radikal bebas DPPH antar ekstrak (25-150 ppm) dengan urutan ETP < BHA < EBA (p<0,05). Nilai uji FRAP untuk ETP adalah. 0,169±0,001 (OD). Terdapat signifikansi kapasitas mereduksi ion Feri (FRAP) antar ekstrak (25-150 ppm) dengan urutan ETP<BHA< EBA (p<0,05). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa total fenolik dan flavonoid ETP dapat ditentukan dengan baik dan jika dibandingkan dengan BHA dan EBA maka ETP dengan pelarut air ini menunjukkan hasil yang lebih kecil dari BHA dan EBA. Comparison Antioxidant Activity of White Tea (Camellia sinensis Linn.) Extract and Grape Seed Extract plus BHA in Various Concentrations AbstractWhite tea is a product processed specifically from tea leaves (Camellia sinensis Linn.). It is made with the top bud of tea plant. After picking, the leaves are minimally oxidized (unfermented process) and the leaves are easily recognizable as they possess a silver needle. The research was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of white tea extract (WTE) in various concentration [25-150 ppm]. Comparison with grape seed extract (GSE) and BHA were also conducted. Tea infusion was prepared by placing 50 g of white tea in 500 ml of distillated water (1:10/60±2oC) and steeping for 10 minutes. The sample (tea infusion) was filtered through Whatman filter paper No.4 and the extract were freeze-dried, then the extract stored at -20oC until further analysis. The result showed yield of white tea extraction was 14.42±1.66% (w/w), the total phenolic and the total flavonoid content of WTE was 18.56±0.25 (g-GAE/100 g) and 4.28±0.1 (g-QE/100 g), respectively. Antioxidant activities of WTE (150 ppm) against the DPPH radical were 14.15±0.10%. There were differences significantly possess radical scavenging activity-DPPH among extract in all concentrations (25-150 ppm) with the order WTE < BHA < GSE (p<0.05). Antioxidant activities of WTE (150 ppm) against the ion Ferric were 0.169±0.001 (OD). There were differences significantly possess their reduction activity against the ion Ferric among extract in all concentration (25-150 ppm), with the order WTE < BHA < GSE (p<0.05). As conclusion antioxidant activity of aqueous WTE was successfully detected but wasn’t as strong as GSE and BHA.•||•|•|•|

Karakteristik Minuman Probiotik Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava) pada Berbagai Variasi Penambahan Sukrosa dan Susu Skim Fibra Nurainy; Samsul Rizal; Suharyono Suharyono; Umami Ekarisa
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Mei 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Jambu biji merah merupakan buah yang berpotensi sebagai bahan baku minuman probiotik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan susu skim, sukrosa dan interaksi keduanya terhadap karakteristik minuman probiotik jambu biji, serta menentukan perlakuan terbaik. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi sukrosa yaitu 0% (S0), 2% (S1), 4% (S2), dan 6%(S3). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi susu skim yaitu 0% (M0), 2% (M1), 4% (M2), dan 6%(M3). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan diuji lanjut dengan uji Polinominal Ortogonal untuk parameter total bakteri asam laktat (BAL), total asam, pH, dan uji stabilitas. Khusus untuk data organoleptic, diuji lanjut menggunakan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi sukrosa berpengaruh terhadap pH, stabilitas, skor kesukaan rasa, aroma, dan warna. Konsentrasi susu skim berpengaruh terhadap total asam, pH, stabilitas, skor kesukaan rasa, aroma, dan warna. Interaksi sukrosa dan susu skim berpengaruh terhadap pH, stabilitas, skor rasa, aroma, dan warna minuman probiotik jambu biji merah. Minuman probiotik jambu biji merah dengan penambahan sukrosa 4% dan tanpa susu skim (S2M0) memiliki karakteristik terbaik yaitu dengan total BAL sebanyak 1,50 x1010 koloni/ml; total asam dengan nilai 0,87%, nilai pH sebesar 3,82, stabilitas sebesar 100%, skor rasa sebesar 3,56 (suka), skor aroma sebesar 3,40 (agak suka), serta skor warna sebesar 3,70 (suka). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk memproduksi minuman probiotik jambu biji merah dapat digunakan sukrosa 4% sebagai sumber karbon tanpa penambahan susu skim.Characteristic of Red Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) Probiotic Beverages on Various Concentration of Sucrose and Skim Milk AbstractRed Guava is potentially fruit as a basic ingredient for probiotic beverages. The purpose of this study was to obtain the effect of addition of skim milk, sucrose and their interaction to red guava probiotic beverage characteristics, and to determine the best treatment. The treatments were arranged factorially in a Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors.The first factor was sucrose concentration i.e. 0% (S0), 2% (S1), 4% (S2), and 6% (S3). The second factor was skim milk concentration i.e. 0% (M0), 2% (M1), 4% (M2), and 6% (M3). The obtained data were analyzed by using variance test and continued by using Orthogonal Polynomial Test for the parameters of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) total count , titratable acidity, pH, and stability test. Particular data of organoleptic would be further tested using Honestly Significance Difference.The result showed that sucrose concentration had an effect on pH, stability, taste, aroma, and color. Skim milk concentration had an effect on titratable acidity, pH, stability, hedonic score of taste, aroma, and color. Interaction between sucrose and skim milk has an effect on pH, stability, hedonic score of taste, aroma, and color of red guava probiotic beverages. Red guava probiotic beverages with 4% sucrose and without skim milk (S2M0) had the best characteristics, i.e. LAB total of 1.5 x 1010 colony/ml, titratable acidity of 0.870%, pH of 3,820, stability of 100%, hedonic taste score of 3.56 (like), hedonic aroma score of 3.40 (medium like); as well as a hedonic color score of 3.70 (like).Thus it could be concluded that to produce a red guava probiotic beverages could be used 4% sucrose as carbon source without the addition of skim.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi dan Waktu Perendaman dengan Larutan Kalsium Hidroksida Terhadap Mutu Sensori Produk Vacuum Frying Buah Nanas Nurul Asiah; Dwi Handayani
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Mei 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

AbstrakVacuum frying merupakan suatu alat yang telah terbukti banyak digunakan untuk mengolah buah-buahan menjadi kripik dengan kualitas sensori dan nutrisi yang baik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman dengan larutan kalsium hidroksida atau Ca(OH)2 terhadap kualitas kripik nanas yang diproduksi dengan menggunakan vacuum frying. Rancangan percobaan dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap yang variabel pertamanya adalah konsentrasi larutan perendaman (0,5, 1, dan 1,5%) serta variabel kedua adalah waktu perendaman (30, 60, dan 90 menit). Selanjutnya produk dianalisis sensori dengan metode uji mutu hedonik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perendaman dengan larutan kalsium hidroksida memberikan pengaruh terhadap intensitas sensori warna, rasa dan tingkat kerenyahan. Semakin besar konsentrasi dan lama perendaman dengan larutan kalsium hidroksida dapat meningkatkan kadar air produk dan mengurangi susut masa produk. Tingkat kecerahan produk bisa dipertahankan dengan peningkatan konsentrasi larutan kalsium hidroksida. Rasa kecut pada buah nanas juga bisa dikurangi dengan peningkatan konsentrasi larutan kalsium hidroksida. Kesimpulannya, produk dengan intensitas kerenyahan paling tinggi didapat dengan konsentrasi kalsium hidroksida sebesar 0,5% selama 30 menit.Effect of Concentration and Soaking Time of Calcium hydroxide Solution on Sensory Quality of Pineapple Vacuum Frying ProductAbstractVacuum frying is a tool that has proven widely to be used in the process of making fruits into chips that results in good sensory and nutrition quality of product. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of soaking with a Ca(OH)2 solution on the quality of pineapple chips that were manufactured using vacuum frying. The design of experiments were performed with a completely randomized design in which the first variable was the concentration of the solution (0.5, 1, and 1.5%) and the second variable was the soaking time (30, 60, and 90 minutes). Furthermore, the products were analyzed for sensory with hedonic quality test method. The results showed that soaking with Ca(OH)2 solution provided effect to the intensity of color, flavor, and crispness. The greater concentration and soaking time were able to increase the moisture content of the product and reduce shrinkage lifetime of the product. The brightness level could be maintained by increasing Ca(OH)2 solution. Sour taste in pineapple could also be reduced by increasing Ca(OH)2 solution. As conclusion, products with the highest intensity crispness were obtained with Ca(OH)2 concentration of 0.5% for 30 minutes of soaking time.•|•|•|||

Kajian Waktu dan Suhu Pelayuan Daun Alpukat dalam Upaya Pemanfaatanya sebagai Teh Herbal I Wayan Rai Widarta; Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani; I Dewa Gede Mayun Permana
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Mei 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Daun Alpukat mengandung komponen bioaktif yang tinggi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pangan fungsional seperti teh herbal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan suhu dan waktu pelayuan daun alpukat yang tepat sehingga menghasilkan teh herbal dengan karakteristik sensoris terbaik serta komponen bioaktif dan aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi. Pelayuan dilakukan dengan cara pengukusan pada suhu 80, 90, dan 100°C selama 1, 3 dan 5 menit. Karakteristik teh yang diamati meliputi kadar total tanin, kadar total fenol, total flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan serta evaluasi sensorisnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan waktu pelayuan yang terbaik diperoleh pada suhu 90°C selama 5 menit dengan karakteristik teh herbal daun alpukat yang dihasilkan yaitu total fenolik 296,48 mg/g ekstrak, total flavonoid 644 mg/g ekstrak, total tanin 315,14 mg/g ekstrak, warna seduhan teh coklat kekuningan, rasa agak tidak pahit dan aroma agak khas daun alpukat serta dengan penerimaan keseluruhan agak suka. Sementara itu, nilai IC50 baik yang diukur dengan metode DPPH maupun reducing power masing-masing adalah 527,93 mg/L dan 78,95 mg/L. Kesimpulannya, suhu dan waktu pelayuan daun alpukat berpengaruh terhadap komponen bioaktif dan aktivitas antioksidan yang terkandung pada teh herbal yang dihasilkan.Study of Withering Time and Temperature Avocado Leafin the Useas Herbs TeaAvocado leaves contain high bioactive components that can be used as functional food such as herbal tea. The purpose of this research was to obtain the appropriate withering time and temperature to produce herbs tea with the best sensory characteristics, high bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. The withering was carried out by steaming at 80, 90, and 100°C for 1, 3 and 5 minutes. The observation of herb tea characteristics were total tannin content, total phenolic content, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and sensory evaluation. The results showed that the best temperature and whithering time were obtained at 90°C for 5 minutes with the herb tea characteristic of total phenolic was 296.48 mg/g extract, total flavonoid was 644 mg/g extract, total tannin was 315.14 mg/g extract, yellowish brown tea color, slightly bitter taste and a rather typical scent of avocado leaf as well as with overall acceptance rather like. Whereas, IC50 value measured using DPPH and reducing power were 527.93 mg/L and 78.95 mg/L. As conclusion, temperature and whithering time effected to the bioactive component and antioxidant activity of herb tea.--

Formulasi Nikstamal Jagung, Tempe, dan Sayuran Terfermentasi dalam Perolehan Pasta Fortifikan sebagai Sumber Asam Folat Alami Agustine Susilowati; Yati Maryati; Puspa Dewi N. Lotulung; Aspiyanto Aspiyanto
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Mei 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan formulasi dalam pembuatan pasta fortifikan asam folat alami yang terdiri dari campuran tempe (kedelai dan kacang hijau), sayuran terfermentasi (brokoli dan bayam), dengan nikstamal jagung kuning dan jagung putih jenis gigi kuda guna mengetahui rasio terbaik campuran ketiga bahan tersebut terhadap konsentrasi asam folat dan identifikasi monomer-monomernya. Rangkaian proses fermentasi tempe dan sayuran masing-masing dilakukan menggunakan Rhizopus oligosporus strain C1 dan kultur Kombucha, serta nikstamalisasi jagung dilakukan dengan menggunakan Ca(OH)2. Formulasi dilakukan dengan mengatur rasio campuran tempe plus sayuran terfermentasi dan nikstamal jagung pada rasio 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, dan 1:5. Analisis dilakukan terhadap protein terlarut, total padatan, gula reduksi, total gula dan asam folat. Identifikasi asam folat dan asam glutamat dilakukan melalui LC-MS. Penelitian ini berhasil untuk menentukan rasio terbaik guna menghasilkan asam folat tertinggi serta berhasil mengidentifikasi monomer asam folat dan asam glutamat pasta fortifikan asam folat. Kesimpulannya, formulasi pasta fortifikan asam folat terbaik dapat dicapai pada kombinasi pasta campuran tempe plus sayuran terfermentasi dengan nikstamal jagung pada rasio 1:5.Formulation Nixtamalized Corn, Tempeh, and Fermented Vegetables for Producing Fortificant Paste as Natural Follic Acid SourceAbstractThis research was done to obtain the highest concentration of folic acid and the monomer identification on paste formulation with various additions of natural folic acid source from tempeh (G. soyae and mung beans/P. radiatus), and fermented broccoli, and fermented spinach with both nixtamalized yellow corn and white corn (Zea mays L. var. indentata). The research was conducted through a series of tempe and vegetable fermentation process using Rhizopus oligosporus strain C1 and Kombucha culture, and nixtamalization of corn was done using Ca(OH)2. Ratio was set at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 of mixture paste of tempeh & fermented vegetables to nixtamalized corn, respectively. The result of experiment showed that nixtamalized corn ratio resulted in the increase in folic acid, total solids, and decreased dissolved protein, total sugars and reducing sugars. As conclusion, based on the best concentration of folic acid, optimization of formulation was achieved at combination between mixture of mung beans tempeh & fermented broccoli and a 1:5 ratio of corn.•|•|•|•|•|•

Karakteristik Fisik dan Kimia Gelatin dari Tulang Ikan Patin dengan Pre-Treatment Asam Sitrat Mega Pertiwi; Yoni Atma; Apon Zaenal Mustopa; Rizkia Maisarah
Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Mei 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan ekstraksi gelatin dari tulang ikan patin menggunakan asam sitrat dan menganalisis karakteristik fisiko-kimianya. Ekstraksi gelatin melalui dua tahap yaitu tahap pre-treatment dengan asam sitrat dan ekstraksi utama dengan aquadest. Tahap pre-treatment dilakukan dengan variasi waktu yakni 24, 36, 48 dan 56 jam. Tahapan ekstraksi utama dilakukan pada suhu 45, 55, 65, dan 75°C. Hasil ekstraksi dilanjutkan dengan analisis keberadaan protein gelatin dengan metode SDS-PAGE. Analisis fisiko-kimia gelatin meliputi derajat keasaman (pH), rendemen, kekuatan gel, profil tekstur, viskositas, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan kadar lemak juga dilakukan. Hasil SDS-PGE gelatin perlakuan terbaik (yakni dengan pre-treatment 48 jam dan ekstraksi utama pada suhu 75°C) diketahui memiliki bobot molekul 162 kDa. Gelatin hasil ekstraksi terbaik memiliki rendemen sebesar 6,14%. Gelatin tulang ikan patin memiliki pH 4,46, kekuatan gel 364,19 bloom, daya kunyah sebesar 261,76 g dan viskositas 3,83 cP. Kadar proksimat gelatin tulang ikan patin meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein dan kadar lemak masing-masing 7,72; 0,38; 58,70, dan 2,79%. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu ekstraksi dan lamanya proses pre-treatment yang digunakan, maka bobot molekul protein menjadi semakin tinggi pula. Kesimpulannya, pre-treatment asam sitrat selama 48 jam dan ekstraksi utama pada suhu 75°C telah berhasil menunjukkan hasil yang paling baik dan dapat terkarakterisasi sifat fisik serta kimianya.Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Gelatin from Pangasius Catfish Bone with Pre-Treatment of Citric AcidThis research aimed to extract gelatin from Pangasius catfish bone using citric acid and then analyse its physicochemical characteristics. The extraction of gelatin was done in two stages soaking i.e pre-treatment with citric acid and main extraction by aquadest. Pre-treatment was done by soaking bones at 24, 36, 48 and 56 h, then the main extraction was done by soaked leached bones in temperature 45, 55, 65, and 75°C. The gelatin from catfish bone then was analyzed the presence of protein by SDS-PAGE and its physico-chemical including pH, yield, gel strength, texture profile, viscosity, moisture content, ash content, protein content, and fat content. Based on SDS-PAGE, fish bone gelatin had molecular weight of 162 kDa. The best extraction treatment (pre-treatment 48 h and main extraction at 75°C) produced 6.14% of gelatin yield. Gelatin of pangasius catfish bone had pH 4.46, gel strength of 353.76 bloom, chewing power of 261.76 g, and viscosity of 3.83 cP. Water, ash, protein and fat content was 7.72, 0.38, 58.70, and 2.79%, respectively. The higher extraction temperature and the longer time for pre-treatment process, the higher molecule weight of protein. As conclusion, the best treatment that was found in the sample with the pre-treatment at 48 h and the main extraction at 75˚C, was successfully characterized on its physicochemicals.•|•|•|•

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Ahmad Nimatullah Al-Baarri, PhD

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