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JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14108917     EISSN : 25979914     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.
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Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 27, No 10 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 10 Year 2024" : 6 Documents clear
Development and Characterization of a Chitosan and Polyvinyl Alcohol (CS/PVP)-Based Slow-Release Urea Fertilizer Membrane Retno Ariadi Lusiana; Khabibi Khabibi; Rahmad Nuryanto; Muhammad Ridho Shofwan Al Aziz
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 27, No 10 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 10 Year 2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.27.10.470-476

Abstract

A slow-release test of urea fertilizer was conducted using chitosan-urea (CS-U) and chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30-urea (CS/PVP-U) membranes. The urea membrane synthesis involved a blending method, with PVP K30 added as a component. The slow-release capabilities of CS-U, CS/PVP1-U, CS/PVP2-U, CS/PVP3-U, and CS/PVP4-U membranes were compared. FTIR results showed an increased intensity of the primary NH double peak at 1587 cm-1 and 1640 cm-1, while the C=O spectrum shifted from 1640 to 1647 cm-1 and the -OH group from 3354 cm-1 to 3362 cm-1, indicating hydrogen bond formation in CS/PVP-U. XRD analysis confirmed the membrane’s amorphous structure, and FE-SEM and AFM studies revealed morphology and roughness differences, with CS/PVP4-U having the largest cross-sectional diameter. The release study showed that PVP-modified chitosan membranes increased urea release, achieving 60 ppm/2 days for the first 16 days, then decreasing to about 55 ppm through day 30, with partial urea release controlled over time. This suggests that SRF fertilizer can effectively control urea release into the environment.
Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy of Ag(I), Cu(II), and Zn(II) Modified Sodalite Zeolite Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Sriatun Sriatun; Khairini Pertiwi; Choiril Azmiyawati; Mukhammad Asy'ari; Damar Nurwahyu Bima; Nor Aida Zubir
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 27, No 10 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 10 Year 2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.27.10.477-484

Abstract

Sodalite zeolite modified with metal ions Ag+, Cu2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ was successfully synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity. The research aims to obtain silver, copper, and zinc metal-modified sodalite separately and determine their antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Sodalite zeolite was synthesized using ludox and sodium aluminate through hydrothermal methods, ensuring uniform crystal growth and optimal crystallinity, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The average particle sizes of the modified zeolites were determined to be 54.9 nm for Ag-Zeolite, 37.2 nm for Cu-Zeolite, and 28.56 nm for Zn-Zeolite, with structural changes observed through alterations in peak intensity. Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis showed no significant change in the zeolite’s morphology. In addition, the EDX results showed the presence of Ag (3.15%), Cu (3%), and Zn (2.41%) metals indicating successful ion exchange. Antibacterial assays revealed that Cu-Zeolite demonstrated superior efficacy inhibition zones against Escherichia coli (14.04±1.26) and Staphylococcus aureus (20.74±0.48), highlighting its potential as an antimicrobial agent. The mechanism of action involved the controlled release of metal ions, disrupting bacterial cell membranes and metabolic processes. Notably, Cu2+ ions exhibited the strongest antibacterial properties due to their smaller ionic radius and higher electronegativity than Ag+ and Zn2+. This research underscores the promising applications of metal-ion-modified sodalite zeolite in medical and environmental contexts.
Synthesis of Styrofoam Waste-Derived Activated Carbon as an Electron Extractor for Modifying Cu/P-CuSCN/N-Cu₂O/ITO Photovoltaic Cells Dheani Laily; Aisyah Wahyu Fitriani; Endar Aldi Hanantya; Rahmad Nuryanto
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 27, No 10 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 10 Year 2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.27.10.485-490

Abstract

Activated carbon synthesized from styrofoam waste was applied as an electron extractor to enhance the performance of Cu/p-CuSCN/n-Cu2O/ITO-based photovoltaic cells. The widespread use of plastic products, particularly styrofoam, has led to severe environmental pollution due to its long decomposition time. Styrofoam waste-derived activated carbon utilizes polystyrene, which is rich in carbon, to produce high-surface-area materials. In this study, the activated carbon enhances the efficiency of photogenerated electron separation and extraction in photovoltaic cells. Characterization results indicate that the activated carbon has a surface area of 1,865.04 m2/g, a pore volume of 1.25 cm3/g, and a pore diameter of 2.53–2.68 nm, with a direct band gap energy of 4.33 eV. Voltage testing on the photovoltaic cells demonstrated a significant increase, with the highest voltage reaching 209.67 mV in the 5 mg activated carbon variation, representing a 34.84% improvement. The application of activated carbon in Cu/p-CuSCN/n-Cu2O/ITO-based photovoltaic cells provided a notable voltage increase, confirming its effectiveness as an electron extractor.
Evaluation of Sealing Strength in Multilayer LLDPE Packaging for Impact-Resistant Rice Pouches Bayu Krisnamurti; Henny Irawati; Mas Ayu Elita Hafizah; Azwar Manaf
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 27, No 10 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 10 Year 2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.27.10.491-498

Abstract

In this study, we evaluate the mechanical integrity, thermal stability, and impact resilience of three different laminated polymer materials—PA/LLDPE, MDO-PE/LLDPE, and BOPE/LLDPE—to assess their suitability for rice packaging applications. Our experiments include tests to determine the temperature at which sealing begins, evaluations of thermal durability, assessments of seal integrity, and impact resistance tests. PA/LLDPE exhibited excellent sealing ability, displaying the highest seal strength of 6,411 gr/15 mm at 150°C, and maintained structural integrity up to 200°C, making it particularly suitable for high-temperature applications. MDO-PE/LLDPE also performed well, especially at lower temperatures, with a seal strength of 5,327 gr/15 mm at 130°C. The addition of a plastomer significantly improved its low-temperature effectiveness. Conversely, BOPE/LLDPE reached its peak seal strength at 3,825 gr/15 mm at 140°C but showed lower stability at higher temperatures. During drop tests, PA/LLDPE and MDO-PE/LLDPE demonstrated good impact resistance, absorbing up to 245.250 Joules, while BOPE/LLDPE absorbed only up to 196.240 Joules, indicating its limited ability to withstand impact. These results suggest that PA/LLDPE and MDO-PE/LLDPE are more effective in preventing environmental ingress, even under stress at temperatures up to 200°C. This research underscores the critical role of polymer composition and structure in enhancing the mechanical performance and durability of packaging materials. The practical applications of these findings are substantial, offering packaging developers insights into selecting appropriate materials that meet industry standards for safety and environmental responsibility, particularly in the food sector. These insights could lead to the development of more sustainable, high-performance packaging solutions, aligning with global trends toward sustainability and safety in food packaging.
Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Salt Spray as An Atmospheric Corrosion Test Tool Using MgCl₂ and NaCl Solutions Sri Hastuty; Darius Tegar Oktaviyanto; Fatwa Khoirrun Nadhor; Wahyu Caesarendra; Muhammad Awwaluddin
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 27, No 10 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 10 Year 2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.27.10.499-509

Abstract

The research aimed to design a salt spray chamber adhering to ASTM-B117 standards and test the chamber with determine the atmospheric corrosion rate in a salt spray chamber using steel materials (ST 37 and SS 304) in NaCl and MgCl2 solutions. Corrosion tests spanned 48 hours, with time variables of 4, 6, and 8 hours of wet and dry cycle for 48 hours total. The objective was to design salt spray chamber and test the chamber to compare the corrosion rate based on solution and material selected. Visual inspections post-corrosion included macro photos, microscopy, SEM, and EDS analyses. Weight loss in Steel ST 37, cleaned per ASTM G1 with HCl, was also assessed. Corrosion rates of Steel ST 37 varied marginally across time variables and solutions. NaCl corrosion rates at 4, 6, and 8 hours averaged 4.5232, 5.8418, and 6.7148 mmpy, respectively. For MgCl2, rates were 4.2564, 5.3436, and 6.0915 mmpy, respectively. Stainless steel exhibited higher resistance compared to Steel ST 37. In conclusion, both NaCl and MgCl2 solutions accelerate corrosion, with NaCl inducing a higher rate. Stainless steel outperforms Steel ST 37, and the chamber material displays resilience against atmospheric corrosion.
Synthesis and Characterization of Zirconium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Various Liquid Media by Nd:YAG Pulse Laser Ablation and Its Antibacterial Application Dwi Endah Ni’matul Amalia; Iis Nurhasanah; Ali Khumaeni
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 27, No 10 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 10 Year 2024
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.27.10.464-469

Abstract

The issue of antibiotic resistance by bacteria has been studied to develop a new agent to inhibit bacterial activity. Recent studies have reported on nanoparticles promising antibacterial properties. Zirconium dioxide nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) have emerged as potential antibacterial agents for gram-negative bacteria. Nevertheless, there remains a gap in research done on producing stable nanoparticles. Additionally, it studies the impact of the liquid environment in the synthesis to keep a small size. In this present work, ZrO2 NPs have been successfully synthesized in various liquids by pulse laser ablation using the Nd:YAG laser. The laser was ablated on the surface of a zirconium metal plate in different liquid media, such as deionized water, ethylene diamine, and chitosan solution. Furthermore, the liquid media used has an effect on the characteristics of ZrO2 NPs and their antibacterial properties. An investigation of scanning electron microscope images reveals that ZrO2 NPs in deionized water, ethylene diamine, and chitosan solutions have a spherical morphology with diameters measuring around 24.33 nm, 19.76 nm, and 15.05 nm, respectively. The antibacterial effect of ZrO2 NPs in chitosan solution against E. coli bacteria is assessed by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone (DIZ), which has greater colloidal stability than the other liquid media. The findings indicate that the stability and small size of nanoparticles enhance the ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria.

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