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INDONESIA
JURNAL SELULOSA
Published by Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Jurnal Selulosa (JSel) is a journal that provides scientific information resources aimed at researchers and engineers in academia, research institutions, government agencies, and industries. Jurnal Selulosa publishes original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on cellulose, cellulose derivatives, pulp technology, paper technology, environment, biorefinery and other related topics. Formerly known as Berita Selulosa, and the first publication was in 1965. Since 2011, the journal renamed to Jurnal Selulosa.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 02 (2021): JURNAL SELULOSA" : 5 Documents clear
Optimasi Kadar Ultimate dan Tingkat Kebasaan Bio-arang Limbah Kayu Durian sebagai Pembenah Tanah Heri Soedarmanto; Evy Setiawaty; Taufik Iskandar
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 11, No 02 (2021): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v11i02.332

Abstract

Konversi biomassa melalui pirolisis menghasilkan bio-arang, bio-minyak dan gas. Pirolisis biomassa dipengaruhi oleh kondisi pirolisis seperti bahan baku dan suhu pirolisis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kondisi optimum kadar ultimate (CHO) dan pH bio-arang berdasarkan ukuran partikel bahan baku limbah kayu durian dan suhu pirolisis sebagai pembenah tanah. Limbah kayu durian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berukuran diameter 0,17–0,42 mm; 0,42–1,00 mm; dan 1,00–2,83 mm, dengan variasi suhu pirolisis 350°C, 450°C, dan 550°C sebanyak tiga kali ulangan. Optimasi menggunakan metode Response Surface Methodology. Berdasarkan model kuadratik, didapatkan kadar karbon optimum bio-arang sebesar 81,78% dengan ukuran partikel bahan baku pada 2,09 mm dan suhu pirolisis 530,5oC. Kadar hidrogen optimum bio-arang sebesar 3,35% dengan ukuran partikel bahan baku 2,89 mm dan suhu pirolisis 547,4oC. Kadar oksigen optimum bio-arang sebesar 12,22% dengan ukuran partikel bahan baku 1,89 mm dan suhu pirolisis 529,5oC. pH optimum bio-arang sebesar 8,35 dengan ukuran partikel bahan baku 0,6 mm dan suhu pirolisis 521,8oC. Kondisi proses terbaik untuk menghasilkan kadar ultimate dan pH yang paling optimal berada pada range ukuran diameter bahan baku 0,6 mm–2,89 mm dan suhu pirolisis sebesar 521,8oC–547,4oC.  The Optimization of Ultimate Levels and Basicity of Durian Wood Waste Biochar as Soil AmendmentAbstractBiomass conversion through pyrolysis produces biochar, bio-oil and gas. Pyrolysis of biomass is influenced by pyrolysis conditions such as raw materials and pyrolysis temperature. The purpose of this study was to analyze the optimum conditions for ultimate levels (CHO) and pH of biochar based on the particle size of the durian wood waste and the pyrolysis temperature as soil amendment. Particle sizes of durian waste were 0.17–0.42 mm; 0.42–1.00 mm; and 1.00–2.83 mm in diameter where pyrolysis temperatures were 350°C; 450°C; and 550°C. Optimization was used by the Response Surface Methodology method. Based on the quadratic model, the optimum carbon content of biochar was 81.78% with the particle size at 2.09 mm and the pyrolysis temperature of 530.5oC. The optimum hydrogen content of biochar was 3.35% with a particle size of 2.89 mm and a pyrolysis temperature of 547.4oC. The optimum oxygen content of biochar was 12.22% with a particle size of 1.89 mm and a pyrolysis temperature of 529.5oC. The optimum pH of biochar was 8.35 with a particle size of 0.6 mm and a pyrolysis temperature of 521.8oC. The most optimal ultimate levels and pH were in the diameter size range of 0.6 mm-2.89 mm and pyrolysis temperature of 521.8oC-547.4oC.
Ketahanan Batang Kelapa Sawit Diimpregnasi Resin Pinus dan Serbuk Kayu Surian Terhadap Rayap dan Cuaca Jessica Gita Adjani; Anne Hadiyane; Tati Karliati; Atmawi Darwis; Viona Febrinisa Mukhsin
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 11, No 02 (2021): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v11i02.333

Abstract

The Resistance of Pine Resin and Surian Wood Sawdust Impregnated Oil Palm Stem Against Termite and WeatheringAbstractImpregnation substances into the oil palm trunks are one way to improve the oil palm trunk quality. This paper studies the optimum formulation of oil palm trunk impregnanted pine resin and Surian sawdust against dry-wood and subterranean termites as well as weathering performance. Impregnant concentration variations were mixtures of Tusam resin and Surian wood sawdust of 0% (RS0), 4% (RS1), 6% (RS2), and 8% (RS3) with three replications. Dry-wood termite test, subterranean termite test, and weather resistance test were carried out for 12 weeks of observation. The results showed that RS3 treatments were the optimum formulation of impregnated material used for oil palm trunk based on its resistance against dry-wood and subterranean termites resistance, while RS0 treatments were the optimum formula for weathering performances.Keywords: impregnation, oil palm trunk, pine resin, sawdust, Surian woodAbstrakSalah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas batang kelapa sawit adalah melalui impregnasi dengan resin pinus dan serbuk kayu Surian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formulasi optimum impregnan batang kelapa sawit terhadap serangan rayap kayu kering dan rayap tanah serta ketahanan terhadap cuaca. Variasi konsentrasi impregnan yang digunakan yaitu campuran resin pinus dan serbuk kayu Surian 0% (RS0), 4% (RS1), 6% (RS2), dan 8% (RS3). Uji ketahanan rayap kayu kering, uji rayap tanah, dan uji ketahanan terhadap cuaca dilakukan selama 12 minggu pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi optimum bahan impregnan batang kelapa sawit terimpregnasi terhadap ketahanan rayap kayu kering dan rayap tanah adalah formula RS3, sedangkan formulasi impregnan ketahanan cuaca optimum adalah batang kelapa sawit dengan formula RS0.Kata kunci: impregnasi, batang kelapa sawit, resin pinus, serbuk kayu, kayu Surian 
Karakterisasi Asap Cair Distilasi dan Terdistilasi Vakum dari Limbah Serasah Pinus Wafa Karimatul Azmi; Ihak Sumardi; Yoyo Suhaya
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 11, No 02 (2021): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v11i02.334

Abstract

Characterization of Distilled and Vacuum Distilled Liquid Smoke from Pine Litter WasteAbstractThe solid waste of pine litter in the form of leaves, strobilus, and pine sawdust in the gondorukem and turpentine factories is still minimally utilized and causes environmental problems. However, the presence of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content makes pine litter potential to be used as liquid smoke through the pyrolysis process. Liquid smoke has many benefits, including as an antiseptic and food preservative, but the characteristics of liquid smoke from pine litter are not yet known, so it requires further study. This research aims to determine the characteristics of smoke from pine litter waste, especially the composition of its chemical components, so the possibility for wider utilization can be known. The manufacture of liquid smoke is carried out through pyrolysis on pine litter waste, then given vacuum distillation treatment as a purification attempt. Tests on both samples using yield parameters, pH, total acid value, color organoleptic properties, specific gravity, and analysis of chemical components using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the yield of liquid smoke and charcoal from waste pine litter is low, but the yield of vacuum distilled liquid smoke is huge. The distilled liquid smoke had a darker color, lower pH, higher total acid, and higher specific gravity than vacuum distilled liquid smoke. In general, the chemical components identified in both groups are divided into carbonyl, aryl alkyl ether, alkane, organic acids, and phenolic compounds. The content of phenolic compounds and furfural as the dominant compounds opens opportunities for use as wood preservatives, food preservatives, topical analgesics, antiseptics, fungicides, and nematocides.Keywords: liquid smoke, pine litter waste, vacuum distillation, chemical compound, characterizationAbstrakLimbah padat serasah pinus berupa daun, strobilus, dan serbuk kayu pinus di pabrik gondorukem dan terpentin masih minim pemanfaatannya dan menimbulkan masalah lingkungan. Serasah pinus memiliki kandungan selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin yang berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai asap cair melalui proses pirolisis. Asap cair memiliki banyak manfaat, di antaranya sebagai bahan antiseptik dan pengawet makanan. Namun asap cair dari limbah serasah pinus masih belum diketahui karakteristiknya, sehingga membutuhkan pengkajian lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik asap cair dari limbah serasah pinus berdasarkan sifat fisik dan susunan komponen kimianya, sehingga dapat diketahui peluang pemanfaatannya secara lebih luas. Pembuatan asap cair dilakukan melalui proses pirolisis pada limbah serasah pinus, lalu diberikan variasi perlakuan distilasi vakum sebagai upaya purifikasi. Pengujian pada asap cair distilasi dan asap cair terdistilasi vakum menggunakan parameter rendemen, pH, nilai total asam, sifat organoleptik warna, bobot jenis, dan analisis komponen kimia menggunakan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asap cair dari limbah serasah pinus distilasi memiliki warna yang lebih gelap, pH yang lebih rendah, total asam yang lebih banyak, dan bobot jenis yang lebih tinggi daripada asap cair terdistilasi vakum. Secara umum, komponen kimia yang teridentifikasi pada keduanya terbagi dalam kelompok karbonil, alkana, aril alkil eter, senyawa asam, dan senyawa fenolik. Asap cair distilasi mengandung beberapa senyawa dari kelompok terpena dan terpenoid, sedangkan asap cair distilasi vakum mengandung senyawa dari kelompok alkaloid. Kandungan senyawa fenolik dan furfural sebagai senyawa dominan membuka peluang pemanfaatan sebagai pengawet kayu, pengawet makanan, analgesik topikal, antiseptik, fungisida, dan nematosida.Kata Kunci: asap cair, limbah serasah pinus, distilasi vakum, komponen kimia, karakterisasi
Solid Acid Hydrolysis for Isolation of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Chitin Nanocrystals – A mini review Frederikus Tunjung Seta; Xingye An; Hongbin Liu
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 11, No 02 (2021): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v11i02.341

Abstract

Cellulose and chitin are two of the most abundant biopolymer on earth, have been attracted a lot of interest from many researchers, especially related to their nanoparticles form. Recently the method to extract them into nanoscale materials mostly by mineral or liquid acid hydrolysis, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid. Despite their high yield production, many disadvantages are produced by their use as a hydrolysis catalyst, such as low thermal stability and are difficult to be functionalized due to the presence of sulfate groups, tendency to be aggregated due to the bare surface charge density, the potential excessive degradation of cellulose; and large amounts of effluent will be produced due to the neutralization stage and corrosion hazards to the equipment and environment. To overcome the drawback of those acids, solid acid can be used to produce cellulose (CNC) and chitin nanocrystals (ChNC). Their ability to recrystallize and recycle makes them more environmentally friendly, furthermore, most of the acid can do esterification on the surface of cellulose and chitin. The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical review of recent progress related to solid acid hydrolysis since they have interesting characterization even some of their attribute is better than the conventional method.
Perbandingan Bleaching secara Kimia dengan Iradiasi pada Daur Ulang Kertas Koran Bekas Surya Muttaqin Sitorus; Sugili Putra; Lutfi Aditya Hasnowo
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 11, No 02 (2021): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v11i02.305

Abstract

Comparison of Chemical Bleaching with Irradiation on Old Newspaper RecyclingAbstractOld newspaper circulates a lot in society and is usually used as a wrapper. Recycling old newspapers can be performed by the deinking process. It is known that radiation technology can degrade dyes. Therefore, a study of bleaching recycled old newspaper using hydrogen peroxide and gamma radiation was done. This research was carried out by irradiating old newspaper pulp in hydrogen peroxide media with variations in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% at 10 KGy radiation dose, and variations in irradiation doses of 10 kGy, 15 kGy, 20 kGy, and 25 kGy at 10% hydrogen peroxide concentration. The results showed a significant effect of gamma radiation on the performance of the hydrogen peroxide bleaching process of the old newspaper.Keywords: bleaching, gamma radiation, hydrogen peroxide, old newspaperAbstrakKertas koran bekas beredar cukup banyak di masyarakat dan biasanya hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai pembungkus. Daur ulang kertas koran bekas dapat dilakukan dengan proses penghilangan tinta. Telah diketahui bahwa teknologi radiasi mampu mendegradasi zat warna. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian bleaching pulp kertas koran bekas dengan menggunakan larutan hidrogen peroksida dan radiasi gamma. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengiradiasi pulp kertas koran bekas dalam media hidrogen peroksida dengan variasi konsentrasi 5%, 10 %, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% pada dosis radiasi 10 kGy, dan variasi dosis iradiasi 10 kGy, 15 kGy, 20 kGy dan 25 kGy pada konsentrasi hidrogen peroksida 10%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh radiasi gamma yang cukup signifikan terhadap kinerja hidrogen peroksida pada proses bleaching kertas koran bekas.Kata Kunci: bleaching, radiasi gamma, hidrogen peroksida, kertas koran bekas,

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