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INDONESIA
JURNAL SELULOSA
Published by Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Jurnal Selulosa (JSel) is a journal that provides scientific information resources aimed at researchers and engineers in academia, research institutions, government agencies, and industries. Jurnal Selulosa publishes original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on cellulose, cellulose derivatives, pulp technology, paper technology, environment, biorefinery and other related topics. Formerly known as Berita Selulosa, and the first publication was in 1965. Since 2011, the journal renamed to Jurnal Selulosa.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 02 (2016): JURNAL SELULOSA" : 5 Documents clear
POTENSI SELULASE DAN PENGARUH LAJU PEMBEBANAN PADA EFEKTIVITAS PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH KERTAS PROSES LUMPUR AKTIF (POTENTIAL OF CELLULASE AND EFFECT OF LOADING RATE ON TREATMENT OF PAPER WASTEWATER OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS) Andri Taufick Rizaluddin; Sri Purwati
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 6, No 02 (2016): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (526.832 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v6i02.92

Abstract

As the effluent quality standards for industrial wastewater are becoming more stringent, it is important for the industry to improve their wastewater treatment efficiency. The research about potential of cellulase application in the activated sludge process has been done. Theoritically, the addition of cellulase was required to support the activity of microorganism on the activated sludge. Since cellulose is the major organic pollutant component in the wastewater, it was expected that cellulase addition could improve the performance of activated sludge process. The experiments were conducted in a continuous process and consisted of two treatments which were with and without activated sludge at about 2400 mg MLVSS/L. The variations in each treatment were the enzyme dosages of 0; 0.2; 0.5; and 0.7 unit/g COD, and the residence time of 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours. The experiment result showed that the addition of cellulase can increase COD and BOD reduction compared to the treatment without enzymes. The highest COD reduction increment was 7.9% at the enzyme dosage of 0.2 unit/g COD and the residence time of 4 hours, while the highest BOD reduction increment was 14.6% at the same enzyme dosage and residence time. In conclusion, celullase application can be combined with the activated sludge process which will be effective in the high load organic wastewater. ABSTRAKDengan semakin ketatnya baku mutu air limbah, peningkatan efisiensi dalam pengolahan limbah menjadi sangat penting bagi industri. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi selulase dan pengaruh laju pembebanan pada efektifitas pengolahan air limbah kertas sistem lumpur aktif. Secara teori, penambahan selulase diperlukan untuk membantu aktivitas mikroorganisme lumpur aktif. Dengan adanya kandungan selulosa sebagai komponen utama pencemar organik dalam air limbah, penambahan selulase diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kinerja proses lumpur aktif. Percobaan dilakukan dengan proses kontinyu yang terdiri dari dua perlakuan, yaitu tanpa dan dengan lumpur aktif pada MLVSS sekitar 2400 mg/L. Variasi pada setiap perlakuan berupa variasi dosis selulase (0; 0,2; 0,5; dan 0,7 unit/g COD) dan variasi laju pembebanan dengan mengatur waktu tinggal 4, 8, 12, dan 24 jam. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lumpur aktif dengan penambahan selulase dapat menghasilkan peningkatan reduksi COD dan BOD bila dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa menggunakan selulase. Peningkatan reduksi COD tertinggi mencapai 7,9% dengan perlakuan selulase dosis 0,2 unit/g COD dan waktu tinggal 4 jam, sedangkan peningkatan reduksi BOD tertinggi mencapai 14,6%. Perlakuan selulase dapat dikombinasikan dengan proses lumpur aktif yang berjalan efektif pada waktu tinggal yang lebih singkat atau pada beban tinggi.Kata kunci: selulase, lumpur aktif, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand
PENINGKATAN SIFAT CETAK KERTAS SALUT DENGAN PIGMEN PRESIPITASI KALSIUM KARBONAT BERUKURAN SUBMIKRON ( DEVELOPMENT OF PRINTING PROPERTIES ON COATED PAPER USING SUBMICRON PIGMENT PRECIPITATED CALCIUM CARBONATE ) Evi Oktavia; Sonny Kurnia Wirawan; Nina Elyani
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 6, No 02 (2016): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1234.226 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v6i02.89

Abstract

This research has been conducted to maximize the calcium carbonate usage without optical brigthening agent additional. The improvement on printing properties and a high degree of white paper was addressed the problem of meta-stable materials coated on the submicron of crystalline vaterite precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) by composite it with latex. This study characterized the coating pigment, preparation of coating color, applied to paper sheets and compared with previous research and Indonesia National Standard specification of coated printing paper (SNI 0154:2010). The use of mixed submicron PCC (SPCC) and regular PCC (RPCC) as a white-coated paper produces a high brightness, low roughness, low oil penetration, high picking strength, high gloss, and low water absorption. Mostly those testing parameters meet the requirement of the Indonesia Standard National of printing coated-paper SNI 0154: 2010. Improvement also achieved on composite of submicron PCC-binder latex. A significant improvement of gloss value of the laboratory-scale processes was equal with supercalender using the paper machine and 23.6-28.9% of increasing of brigthness prior to previous study. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bermaksud untuk memaksimalkan penggunaan pigmen kalsium karbonat tanpa menggunakan tambahan optical brigthening agent. Sifat cetak dan derajat cerah kertas ditingkatkan dengan cara mengatasi masalah meta-stabil pada bahan salut presipitat kalsium karbonat (PCC) submikron bentuk kristal vaterit melalui pembentukan komposit dengan lateks. Penelitian ini meliputi tahap karakterisasi bahan salut, pembuatan bahan salut, dan aplikasinya pada kertas, serta analisis sifat fisik, cetak dan optis pada kertas cetak salut, lalu membandingkannya dengan penelitian sebelumnya dan SNI spesifikasi kertas cetak salut SNI 0154:2010. Penggunaan campuran PCC submikron (SPCC)dengan PCC reguler (PCC) sebagai bahan salut menghasilkan derajat cerah kertas tinggi, kekasaran rendah, penetrasi minyak rendah, ketahanan cabut tinggi, kilap tinggi, dan daya serap air rendah. Sebagian besar parameter tersebut memenuhi standar SNI spesifikasi kertas cetak salut (SNI 0154 : 2010). Peningkatan juga terjadi pada komposit PCC submikron (SPCC) dengan binder lateks. Peningkatan signifikan terjadi pada analisa kilap kertas cetak salut skala laboratorium yang menunjukkan hasil sama dengan superkalender pada mesin kertas, dan terjadi peningkatan derajat cerah yaitu sekitar 23,6 – 28,9% terhadap penelitian sebelumnya.Kata kunci: bahan salut, kertas cetak salut, kilap tinggi, SNI 0154:2010 
PENGARUH APLIKASI JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH PADA BIOPULPING RAMI (Boehmeria nivea) TERHADAP KUALITAS PULP BELUM PUTIH (EFFECT OF WHITE ROT FUNGI APPLICATION IN BIOPULPING OF RAMIE (Boehmeria Nivea) ON THE QUALITY OF UNBLEACHED PULP) Chandra Apriana Purwita; Hendro Risdianto
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 6, No 02 (2016): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (808.448 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v6i02.95

Abstract

The research of white rot fungi application in biopulping ramie has been done to obtain the effective fungus. The study was conducted in 3 stages: biopulping, cooking, and manufacture of pulp handsheets. The biopulping of ramie was done by varying four species of fungi which were Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Marasmius sp., Trametes hirsuta, and Trametes versicolor, with temperature of ± 28°C for 7 days. The cooking was done on ramie from selected biopulping treatment and compared with untreated one. The experiments was carried out by soda cooking in a rotating digester at 12% active alkaline, ratio of the solid to liquid 1: 5, temperature of 165 °C, time of 3.5 hours. Next step was the manufacture of pulp handsheets. The observations were conducted on percent lignin removal, Kappa number, burst and tear index. The results showed that Marasmius sp. with the laccase activity of 0.1638 U/mL was the best with 40.4% of lignin removal degree. The ramie cooking process with Marasmius sp. treatment produced unbleached pulp with 7.2% lower Kappa number compared to the untreated one. The pulp that has been treated with Marasmius sp. produced better quality unbleached pulp with the physical properties of burst and tear index of 10.52 mNm2 /g and 1.24 kN/g, respectively. ABSTRAKPenelitian aplikasi jamur pelapuk putih pada biopulping rami telah dilakukan dengan tujuan mendapatkan jenis jamur yang efektif. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 3 tahap : biopulping, pemasakan, dan pembuatan lembaran pulp. Biopulping rami dilakukan dengan variasi 4 spesies jamur, yaitu Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Marasmius sp., Trametes hirsuta, dan Trametes versicolor, pada kondisi suhu ±28 °C selama 7 hari. Pemasakan dilakukan terhadap rami dari perlakuan biopulping terpilih dan dibandingkan dengan rami tanpa perlakuan jamur. Percobaan pemasakan dilakukan dengan proses soda dalam digester berputar pada kondisi alkali aktif 12%, rasio padatan terhadap cairan pemasak 1:5, suhu 165°C, waktu 3,5 jam. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pembuatan lembaran pulp rami. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap persentase penyisihan lignin, bilangan Kappa, indek sobek, dan indeks retak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Marasmius sp. dengan aktivitas lakase 0,1638 U/mL merupakan yang terbaik dengan derajat penyisihan lignin 40,4%. Proses pemasakan rami dengan perlakuan Marasmius sp. menghasilkan pulp belum putih dengan bilangan Kappa lebih rendah 7,2% dibandingkan tanpa perlakuan jamur. Kualitas pulp yang telah diberi perlakuan jamur Marasmius sp. menghasilkan pulp belum putih yang lebih baik, dengan sifat fisik indeks retak dan indeks sobek berturut-turut 10,52 mNm2 /g dan 1,24 kN/g.Kata kunci: rami, biopulping, penyisihan lignin, jamur pelapuk putih
STUDI ANALISIS KETIDAKPASTIAN HASIL KALIBRASI TIMBANGAN DAN MISTAR TERHADAP KEBERTERIMAAN PENGUJIAN GRAMATUR KERTAS (STUDY ON ANALYSIS OF UNCERTAINTY OF CALIBRATED VALUE FOR BALANCE AND RULER FOR THE ACCEPTANCE OF PAPER GRAMMAGE TESTING) Darmawan Darmawan; Titik Istirohah
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 6, No 02 (2016): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (710.201 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v6i02.99

Abstract

Study on analysis of uncertainty of calibrated value for balance and steel ruler for the acceptance of paper grammage testing that refers to SNI ISO 536 : 2010 (grammage testing method) and SNI 14-0440-2006 (paper and carton grammage) has been done. Testing instrument must be calibrated to ensure the testing value/measurement appropriate with expected specification refers to ISO 17025 : 2008. From calibration value gained conventional truth value and uncertainty of testing instrument. Uncertainty calculation refers to “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement”- ISO GUM, is a reference and measurement uncertainty evaluation method that have been received internationally. This reference is also one of reference documents in ISO 17025 : 2008 (competence requirements of examination and calibration laboratory). The evaluation test showed that the deviation value is less than 4%, so that it complies with the allowed tolerance which is also 4%. The result of testing evaluation and calibration showed that balance and ruler were used in Paper Testing Laboratory of Center for Pulp and Paper was appropriate with grammage testing prerequirement. ABSTRAKStudi analisis ketidakpastian hasil kalibrasi timbangan dan mistar baja terhadap keberterimaan uji gramatur kertas yang mengacu pada SNI ISO 536 Cara uji gramatur dan SNI 14-0440-2006 Gramatur kertas dan karton telah dilakukan. Untuk menjamin hasil uji/ pengukuran sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang diinginkan menurut ISO 17025 Syarat-syarat kompetensi Laboratorium Pengujian dan Laboratorium Kalibrasi maka alat uji/ukur harus dikalibrasi. Dari hasil kalibrasi diperoleh nilai kebenaran konvensional alat ukur beserta ketidakpastiannya. Perhitungan ketidakpastian mengacu pada ISO GUM “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement”, yang merupakan panduan dan metode evaluasi ketidakpastian pengukuran yang diterima secara internasional. Acuan ini juga sebagai salah satu dokumen acuan dalam ISO 17025 . Dari hasil evaluasi hasil uji diperoleh penyimpangan kurang dari 4%, sehingga memenuhi toleransi yang diizinkan yaitu 4 %. Kesimpulan dari studi ini menjelaskan bahwa timbangan dan mistar baja yang digunakan oleh Laboratorium Uji Kertas Balai Besar Pulp dan Kertas memenuhi syarat uji gramatur. Kata kunci: kalibrasi, ketidakpastian, gramatur, akurasi, toleransiKata kunci: kalibrasi, ketidakpastian, gramatur, akurasi, toleransi
PIROLISIS ISOTERMAL SLUDGE CAKE DAN PULP REJECT PABRIK PULP KRAFT (ISOTHERMAL PYROLYSIS OF SLUDGE CAKE AND PULP REJECT FROM KRAFT PULP MILL) Syamsudin, Syamsudin; Purwati, Sri; Surachman, Aep; Wattimena, Reza Bastari Imran
JURNAL SELULOSA Vol 6, No 02 (2016): JURNAL SELULOSA
Publisher : Center for Pulp and Paper

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (868.476 KB) | DOI: 10.25269/jsel.v6i02.90

Abstract

Wastewater treatment sludge cake and pulp reject from kraft pulp mill are sources of renewable energy. This study evaluated the effects of temperature on pyrolysis to convert sludge cake and pulp reject into tar and char product. Sludge cake had composition of (adb): moisture 9.08%, volatile matter 57.53%, fixed carbon 8.72% and ash 24.67% with calorific value of 2931 cal/g, while pulp reject had moisture 9.42%, volatile matter 68.16%, fixed carbon 17.00% and ash 5.42% with calorific value of 3656 cal/g. Higher volatile matter content made sludge cake and pulp reject had potency to produce tar. Pyrolysis peak was reached at 349oC for sludge cake and 300oC for pulp reject. The conversion reached 30% at 300oC and 80-90% at 400oC, with the yield of tar reached 39% for sludge cake and 47% for pulp reject. At >400oC tar formed decomposed into pyrolysis gas. Differences in material composition and pyrolysis temperature influenced composition of the tar. The char yields at 300-500oC were not difference signifantly, either for sludge cake or pulp reject. All components of the volatile matter in sludge cake and pulp reject were degraded completely in 60 minutes.  ABSTRAKPenelitian pirolisis sludge cake dan pulp reject dari pabrik pulp kraft dengan variasi suhu reaktor telah dilakukan. Sludge cake dan pulp reject adalah biomassa sisa yang dihasilkan di pabrik pulp dalam jumlah besar. Sludge cake hasil pengolahan air limbah dan pulp reject proses pembuatan pulp kimia merupakan sumber energi alternatif terbarukan potensial yang terdapat di industri pulp kraft yang saat ini belum banyak dimanfaatkan dengan baik sehingga menyebabkan isu-isu lingkungan. Penelitian ini melakukan evaluasi pengaruh suhu terhadap pirolisis untuk mengkonversi sludge cake dan pulp reject menjadi produk tar dan arang. Sludge cake mengandung zat terbang 51,34% (adb) dan karbon tetap 10,40% (adb) dengan nilai kalor 2915 kal/g (adb), sedangkan pulp reject mengandung zat terbang 68,16% (adb) dan karbon tetap 17,00% (adb) dengan nilai kalor 3656 kal/g (adb). Sebagian besar komponen zat terbang pada sludge cake maupun pulp reject habis terdegradasi pada suhu 300 – 500oC dengan waktu tinggal 60 menit. Tar hasil pirolisis sludge cake dan pulp reject mengandung senyawa-senyawa turunan benzen, phenol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), asam dan ester. Pada rentang suhu 400 – 500oC tar yang terbentuk oleh reaksi pirolisis primer terdekomposisi lebih lanjut menjadi gas oleh reaksi pirolisis sekunder sehingga menurunkan perolehan tar.Kata kunci: sludge cake, pulp reject, pirolisis, arang, zat terbang

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