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Search results for , issue "Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Latest Issue (April 2019)" : 5 Documents clear

Evaluasi Ukuran dan Bentuk Biji Genotip-genotip Mutan Kedelai Generasi M4 Elfan Waisimon; Noladhi Wicaksana; Anas Anas; Meddy Rachmadi
Zuriat Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Latest Issue (April 2019)
Publisher : Breeding Science Society of Indonesia (BSSI) / PERIPI

Soybean was one of the most important crop plants in Indonesia, but the need has not been fulfilled yet because its productivity was low. This study aims to obtain genotypes of M4 soybean mutant generation based on phenotypic characters of seed size and seed shape. The experiment was carried out in the experimental methods without spatial design, used 19 soybean mutant genotypes on M4 generation and Arjasari variety as a control. Eight characters of seed size (seed length, seed thickness, seed width, seed dimension, and 100 seed weight) and seed shape (seed length–thickness ratio, seed length-width ratio, and seed thickness–width ratio) have observed. Data analyzed with F-test, z-test, cluster analysis, and correlation analysis. The results showed that the seed size and seed shape characters had narrow intrapopulation variations. Eight genotypes of soybean mutants, namely MRAR 14-11-17-5, MRAR 15-17-31-11, MRAR 26-6-21-8, MRAR 29-12-26-11, MRAR 29-15-33 -7, MRAR 29-15-36-4, MRAR 29-15-36-8, and MRAR 29-15-30-10, have more significant seed size characters compared to Arjasari varieties. The MRAR genotypes 15-17-31-11 and MRAR 29-12-27-8 have a more rounded seed shape than the Arjasari variety. The seed size and seed shape characters correlated very strongly with each other. Seed size characters do not associate with seed shape characters.

Respon Lima Kultivar Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Terhadap Perlakuan Manitol pada Kultur In Vitro ( Winna Firdawati; Farida Damayanti; Suseno Amien; Warid Ali Qosim
Zuriat Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Latest Issue (April 2019)
Publisher : Breeding Science Society of Indonesia (BSSI) / PERIPI

Potato is one of the vegetable commodities that potentially use as a source of carbohydrate and could be developed to support food diversification program. Global climate changes that lead to extreme climate change could cause some agricultural problem, i.e., drought stress. It is necessary to develop drought-tolerant cultivar as one of the options to solve the problem. The objective of this research was to identify the level of drought stress in five potato cultivars by observing the response of those cultivars to mannitol in vitro culture. The experiment was conducted at Tissue Culture Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, on May 2014 to June 2014. The experiment was arranged in a factorial, completely randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was potato cultivar (five levels), consisted of Granola, Atlantik, Andina, Ping 06, and Merbabu 17. The second factor was mannitol concentration (five levels), comprised of 0.0 M, 0.1 M; 0.2 M; 0.3 M, and 0.4 M. The results showed that there was no interaction between potato cultivar and mannitol concentration in all traits. Number of leaves, number of nodes, number of roots, root length were independently affected by cultivar and mannitol concentration, meanwhile plantlet height, chlorophyll concentration was only individuals affected by mannitol concentration. It was also showed that mannitol concentration of 0.4 M decreased plantlets height, a number of leaves, and a number of roots in potato cultivars Granola, Atlantik, Andina, Ping 06 dan Merbabu 17.

Keberhasilan Persilangan Tomat Varietas Komersial (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) dengan Tomat Mutan Tahan Simpan Gungun Wiguna; Elfira Rosalita; Anas Anas; Neni Rostini; Syariful Mubarok; Hiroshi Ezura
Zuriat Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Latest Issue (April 2019)
Publisher : Breeding Science Society of Indonesia (BSSI) / PERIPI

Post-harvest loss is an obstacle for tomato farmers that cause tomato farming being unprofitable. Utilization of mutant genes prolong tomato fruit shelf life through crossing is one of the best solutions to improve the fruit quality. The objective of this study was to determine the success of cross-pollination between commercial tomato varieties and shelf life of mutant tomatoes. Two mutant tomato lines Sletr1-1 and Sletr1-2, and one wild type strain were crossed with four commercial varieties (Intan, Mutiara, Ratna, and Mirah ). The results showed that the success rate of crossing ranged from 77.50% to 100%, with an average of 95.76%. The average maximum growth potential of seeds produced was 89.17% with the lowest value of 75% and the highest 98.5%. The most top success of crosses was built by a combination of crossing Ratna x Sletr1-2, and the combination of Mirah x Sletr1-1 showed the lowest percentage of the crossing. The Intan showed the highest success as female parent of crossing, while Mirah was the lowest production of the crossing. The plant height of all hybrid was smaller compared to the commercial varieties.

Ketahanan Padi Transgenik Db1 Terhadap Wereng Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) Biotipe 3 (Resistance of Db1 Transgenic Rice to Biotype 3 of Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) Nono Carsono; santika sari; danar dono; kinya toriyama
Zuriat Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Latest Issue (April 2019)
Publisher : Breeding Science Society of Indonesia (BSSI) / PERIPI

Brown planthopper has been recognized as a primary pest of rice in Indonesia and most Asian countries. Developing rice lines resistant to this pathogen is an effective and environmentally friendly approach. Rice cv. Taichung 65 has been transferred with Db1 gene from yam tuber Dioscorea batatas, to improve its resistance to insect pathogen. The rice plant, however, is not been known yet of its resistance to biotype 3 of brown planthopper from Indonesia. The objective was to obtain resistance level of Db1 transgenic rice against biotype 3, the brownest planthopper attacking rice. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design, and some tests performed were screening resistance, honeydew test, and the oviposition preference. Results indicated that Db1 Taichung transgenic rice had improved resistance level as compared to its wild type; from very susceptible to susceptible. Db1 transgenic rice line had a lower resistance level compared to those of cv. PTB33, Rathu Heenati, Ciherang, Babawee, IR64, dan Cisadane. It could be seen from a higher amount of honeydew excreted and a number of an egg laid by brown planthopper compared to those of tested cultivars. It is concluded that DB1 transgenic line is susceptible, then it is not sufficient to control brown planthopper specifically biotype 3.

Early Yield Testing and Selection of Upland Rice on Observational Study in Kebumen, Central Java Angelita Puji Lestari; Aris Hairmansis; Rini Hermanasari; Yullianida Yullianida; Suwarno Suwarno
Zuriat Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Latest Issue (April 2019)
Publisher : Breeding Science Society of Indonesia (BSSI) / PERIPI

The use of upland rice variety is an effort to expand rice cultivation to dry land due to the decreasing of fertile land in Indonesia. To develop a high yielding rice line, a primary population with high genetic diversity is needed in character related to grain yield. This experiment aimed to study the genetic variability of some important characters of upland rice lines as primary data for the selected program. The research was carried out in the farmland of Mirit Village, Kebumen, Central Java. The genetic material consisted of 203 new promising lines and five varieties as a check, namely Inpago 6, Inpago 8, Limboto, Situpatenggang, and Situbagendit. This observation yield trial used an augmented design with five replicates of the check varieties, with a spacing of 30 x 15 cm. The data analysis showed that the rice lines, line vs. check, and block were significantly different in the number of productive tillers. The significant effects of lines with the check varieties were in plant height, flowering age, harvest age, and a number of productive tillers. The number of productive tillers had wide genetic variation, broad-sense heritability, and high genetic gain so that it can be utilized as selection criteria. Twelve lines were identified as a higher number of productive tillers, and three lines had a higher yield compared to the best varieties of Situbagendit.

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