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TSAQAFAH
Published by Universitas Darussalam Gontor
ISSN : 14110334     EISSN : 24600008     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Education, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
TSAQAFAH (pISSN: 1411-0334 | eISSN: 2460-0008) is journal of Islamic civilization published by University of Darussalam Gontor. It is semiannual journal published in May and November for the developing the scientific ethos. Editors accept scientific articles and result of research in accordance with its nature as a journal of Islamic Civilization, such as: Islamic Philosophy, Islam and Contemporary Issues, Religious Studies, Islamic Science, Islamic Economics, Islamic education, Qur’anic Studies, Islamic Law, and Islamic Ethics
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics" : 10 Documents clear
An Overview of Corporate Governance Practices of Selected Islamic Banks Zainab Belal; Mustapha Hamat
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.366

Abstract

Complying with Corporate Governance (CG) standards is not mandatory but with collapse of many financial institutions, compliance with high standards of CG in banking operation has become a necessity. This is due to the fact that many banks and companies worldwide collapsed as a result of poor corporate governance practices such as Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) 1991, Barings Bank 1995, Lehman Brothers 2008, Enron 2001, WorldCom 2001, etc. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to examine and ascertain whether present level of CG standards practiced by Islamic banks is adequate to prevent or safeguard the banks from collapsing. The approach of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of board and the various board committees utilizing data published in financial statement of the selected banks. The methodology used in this paper is analytical descriptive to reach accurate results and as more appropriate approach with this research. The study finds out that the selected banks comply with CG standards adopted; however such compliance does not mean that the board, the board committees will be constantly reliable. Therefore, instilling the Islamic values such as the concepts of iḥsân, honesty, and accountability is paramount to prevent CG failures and protect/safeguard the banks from collapsing.
Scrutinizing The Epistemology of Islamic Economics: A Historical Analysis Nurizal Ismail
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.367

Abstract

The first International Conference on Islamic Economics was held in Makkah, in 1976. Economists, jurists and scholars met together to discuss issues of Muslim ummah. However, there was many books written related to Islamic economics in the history of Islamic civilization, especially in the period of Abbasid caliphate. The fact, development of knowledge in Islamic medieval had established the epistemology of Islamic economics itself. Moreover, the epistemology is a study of the theory of knowledge, the source of knowledge, the application of knowledge and limitation of knowledge. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the contribution of earlier Muslim thinkers to the source of Islamic economics and to identify the epistemology of Islamic economics as proposed by the Muslim thinkers in medieval period. As a result, this paper will propose the epistemology of Islamic economics by integrating Islamic heritage and modern economics that is not conflict with Islamic principles and values. To achieve its objectives; this study employs qualitative research by applying content and descriptive analysis. The finding of this study is that the earlier Muslim thinkers have contributed to the construction of epistemology in Islamic economics. Then, to construct the genuine of Islamic economics, tawhid must be put as a core of Islamic economic epistemology that directs the sources of knowledge which are rooted firstly from revealed and then rational knowledge by using appropriate methods.
Curriculum Design of Master Program on Islamic Economics in Indonesian, Pakistan, Turkish, and Malaysian Universities Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi; Setiawan bin Lahuri; Khoirul Umam; Eko Nur Cahyo
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.368

Abstract

This research is aimed at finding the curriculum design of Islamic economic, especially on its epistemological basis, its method of integration and its method of teaching. The object of research is postgraduate program at universities that offer the degree of Islamic Economic. The universities that will be researched represent four outstanding countries that have serious concern on Islamic economic studies. Those universities are International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, International Islamic University of Malaysia and four Universities of Indonesia i.e. Islamic State University Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Islamic State University Sunan Ampel, University of Airlangga, and STIE Tazkia. The data will be collected through documentary and interview method. To analyze the data the researchers employs descriptive, compare and contrast, and synthesis method. The curriculum design that includes the vision and mission where epistimological aspects are clearly stated, in most of Islamic economics departments. However, not all departments that state explicity their vision and mission and objective clearly have clear statement on the integration of conventional and Islamic economics. Islamic State University Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Islamic State University Sunan Ampel, University of Airlangga, STIE Tazkia, and Istanbul Sabbahatain Zaim do not state clearly the vision and mission in relation the program of integration and Islamization. So the epistimological aspect is not taken into serious consideration as the vision and mission of the program. The Universities that clearly state the integration and Islamization are Islamic Science University of Malaysia, International Islamic University of Islamabad, and International Islamic University of Malaysia.
Kontribusi Fiqh Legal Maxim dalam Fatwa-Fatwa Ekonomi Syariah Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI) Aidil Novia
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.369

Abstract

The paper aims to describe the use of Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in fatwas issued by Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN- MUI) and compare it with Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in the book of Majallah al-Aḥkâm al-‘Adliyyah. This paper based on some researchs show that maqâṣid syarî’ah can be seen in Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in fatwas. These researchs written by Ali Ahmad al-Nadwi, Muhammad Ridwan ‘Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Tahir Mansoori, and Abu Umar Farook. The primary data of this paper are 89 fatwas issued by Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN- MUI) and analysed by content analysis. The paper shows that Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) used in 97% of fatwas, consist of 1-7 Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in every fatwa. The most frequently used is “al-aṣl fî al-mu’âmalâh al-ibâḥah illâ an yadulla dalîl ‘ala taḥrîmihâ” as basic Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) in financial transaction (78 times). Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) related to islamic banking are most frequently used (174 times). There are 72 Fiqh Legal Maxims (FLM) related to Islamic economics and finance in the book of Majallah al-Aḥkâm al-‘Adliyyah and it can be used in the next fatwas will be issued by Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI).
Kontroversi Asuransi di Indonesia: Telaah Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) tentang Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Husni Mubarrak
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.370

Abstract

This study aims to discuss on The Fatwa of The Council of Indonesian Ulama (MUI) on Health Insurance (BPJS) in 2015 which has arousing various different opinions either among elite or civilians in Indonesia. As the adviser for the Government of Indonesia in terms of religious issues, MUI questioned about the validity and appropriateness of the BPJS practice in concordance with the Islamic sharia law. At least, there are three issues which underlie the formulation and the publication of the fatwa: ranging from conformity concepts and practices of BPJS with legislation and sharia principles; what alternative solutions that can replace the presence of BPJS if it proved not qualified of sharia compliant; as well as the determination of 2% motive penalty for late payment of participant contributions, would it not contravene the sharia law? This fatwa, however, is in line with previous fatwa which issued by MUI in year 2001 on Guideline for Islamic Insurance. In MUI’s view, the operational system of BPJS still shackled within the framework of conventional insurance. By using ‘aqd mu’âwadah and presenting a pattern of relations “insurer-insured” in the management of handling BPJS insurance, not guarantee it is free from gambling, uncertainty, usury elements, which is strongly opposed to Islamic sharia law, and therefore, the concept of takâful within sharia framework as referred in the fatwa of MUI in 2001 on Guidelines for Islamic Insurance, is offered as an alternative solution formula in justice and welfare insurance for all citizens, especially for Muslims.
Daya Serap Lulusan Program Studi Ekonomi Keuangan Islam Pendekatan Alignment Index dan Exploratory Nurul Huda; Nova Rini; Desti Anggraini; Khamim Hudori; Yosi Mardoni
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.371

Abstract

The needs of human resource for the Islamic finance industry continues to increase along with the growth of the Islamic finance industry. The appearances of Department Economics and Islamic Finance have sprung due to meet the needs of the human resources, but a lot of graduates of the Department Economics and Islamic Finance did not accepted in the Islamic finance industries. This study was conducted to determine the absorption of graduates of the Department Economics and Islamic Finance, and the perception of the management of the Department Economics and Islamic Finance, and perception of Islamic finance practitioners of human resources with the approach of Alignment Index (AI) and exploratory. Human resources in the Islamic financial industry to apply the philosophy of ihsân at work. Philosophy of ihsan make human resources in Islamic finance industry becomes a subject not an object in the company’s operations so that a positive impact on the work environment that can increase the performance of the company or the Islamic finance industry. The results showed absorption graduates of the Department Economics and Islamic finance to Islamic finance industry in Sumatra below 40%. There is a difference in perception between the Islamic financial industry practitioners with management of the Department Economics and Islamic Finance about human resource. Practitioners of Islamic finance industry has a perception that human resource of Islamic financial institutions must have high competence, good soft skills and hard skills. The Department of Economics and Islamic Finance have the perception regarding human resources focus to understand the hard skills.
Membandingkan Konsep Pajak (Kharâj) Yahya bin Adam (758-818 H) dan Imam al-Mawardi (974-1058 H) Rahmad Hakim
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.372

Abstract

The rise of Islamic civilization since the 6 th century up to the 18 th century is a historical fact that can not be negated. Starting from the establishment of the State of Medina by the Prophet Muhammad until the Ottoman Dinasty. The course of history that sustained over centuries, has a significant influence on the development of Islamic civilization, at least in terms of taxation which commonly called as kharâj. In the hands of Islam, was created a various principles of the state, especially on the financial and monetary aspect. The creation of financial system for the state is one of proof for the creation of the state’s basic principles in order to achieve justice and prosperity of mankind. This paper aims to discuss in-depth analysis related to the concept of taxation in Islam through literature method. In order to obtain deeper analysis, the author chose two characters who was concerns in the field of taxation in the history of Islamic Economic thought, namely Yahya bin Adam in his al-Kharâj and Imam al-Mawardi in his al-Ahkâm al-Sultâniyah. The conclusion from this study is that there are some similarities between the two ideas. On the other hand, according to the author, Imam al-Mawardi’s theory of taxation has two advantages; first, his futuristic theory of taxation and second, his contextual theory of taxation that possible to be applied in the present time. Given the complexity of the problems that occurred during his life.
Keberpihakan Kebijakan Pemerintah pada Sektor Usaha Rakyat Perspektif Ekonomi Islam (Studi Kasus Keberlangsungan Pasar Tradisional) Abdul Wahab
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.373

Abstract

The economic sector of small-medium enterprises as known in Indonesia with Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), has strategic contribution in Indonesian’s economic development. This sector as known was survived when Indonesian affected by the global crisis of economic at 1998 and 2008 ago. This MSMEs also know as a way for absorption of human capital. Therefore, it is need more of Indonesian Government’s consideration as part of economic development policy of Indonesia. The place for trading between MSMEs’s practitioners was called traditional market which ruled by direct transaction and transparent. Traditional traders have been competed with the growing number of mall around the market. In addition to the rivalry with fellow traders in traditional markets. They have a rational strategy as a way of facing competition with modern market. Actually, the Government must maintain sustainability of traditional market with they public policy. Impelementation public policy should refers to Islamic economic, especially concept of distribution of wealth. The distribution of wealth is one of the most important and most controversial subjects concerning the economic life of people, which have given birth to global revolutions in the world of today, and have affected every sphere of human activity from international politics down to the private life of the individual. Then, this paper raised the issue of: condition traditional traders recently, while growth modern market increase so fast; function and role from public policy for supporting suistanability traditional market; and urgency distribution of wealth as strategy on public policy for sustainability of traditional market.
Spiritualitas Islam dalam Kewirausahaan Hanifiyah Yuliatul Hijriah
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.374

Abstract

Islamic spirituality refers to a paradigm of unity in realizing a harmonious balance between aspects of the world and the hereafter. This is an important aspect in fostering the forces that accompanied the faith toward Allah SWT, the power over all aspects of life, including for entrepreneurial activity. Islamic spirituality was born from every human which is capable of being utilized a strength in the form of spiritual intelligence. This element exists in every human being as grace of Allah SWT, which is useful for the activity of life. Results found that there were seven spiritual intelligence elements according to the Islamic perspective, there are: the faith, taqwâ, morality, ṣiddîq, amânah, tablîgh, faṭânah, discipline, visionary, and empathy. This qualitative study examines aspects of the spirituality of Islam containing potential elements in the form of spiritual intelligence that was potential for Islamic entrepreneurship in achieving sustainability of the business. The ability of businessmen to manage businesses, through attitude and decision making can be dependent upon the elements of the intelligence of Islamic spirituality. Islamic spiritual intelligence is able to be implemented in the business activities in order to achieve the sustainability of business, namely at the stage of production management, marketing, capital and human resources, where the result can be synergized to form a continuity of effort appropriate to The Islamic perspective. The orientation of the sustainability of the effort according to Islam was not only profit achievement, but also to achieve spiritual benefit that is also Allah SWT’s blessings.
Inklusivisme Maqâsid Syarî’ah Menuju Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Bank Syariah di Indonesia Budi Sukardi
TSAQAFAH Vol. 12 No. 1 (2016): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v12i1.375

Abstract

This paper review to assess the performance of Islamic Bank of Devisa on syarî’ah maqâsid index and its inclusive contribution to sustainable development of Islamic Bank in Indonesia. This paper was an exploratory study with survey eksperience, using the analysis of secondary datas and the pilot studies of the population of Islamic Bank in Indonesia with sample of Islamic Bank of Devisa, such as Bank Muamalat Indonesia, BNI Syariah, Bank Syariah Mandiri, and Bank Syariah Mega Indonesia. Research lowered concept of maqâsid syarî’ah index into three main dimensions; individual education, establishing justice and the public interest. The results showed the syarî’ah maqâsid index of Islamic Bank of Devisa in 2012-2014; Bank Muamalat Indonesia scored of 24,9209, Bank Syariah Mandiri scored of 25.4773, Bank Negara Indonesia Syariah scored of 25.6511 and Bank Mega Syariah Indonesia scored of 16.5110. The inclusive contribution of maqâṣid syarî’ah to sustainable development Islamic Bank in Indonesia is an attempt to reduce the lack of access to financial services, such as providing access to the community and a focus on risk sharing and redistribution of wealth. Islamic financial innovation needed to provide appropriate products and financial services for the community to increase their income and social welfare. Their access to financial services for the sustainability of economic, environmental and religious order Islamic Bank can contribute to the public and become a leading industry in achieving the highest aim of sharia-focused and oriented to the survival of human, natural, economic resources creative, and all aspects of life.

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