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TSAQAFAH
Published by Universitas Darussalam Gontor
ISSN : 14110334     EISSN : 24600008     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy, Education, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
TSAQAFAH (pISSN: 1411-0334 | eISSN: 2460-0008) is journal of Islamic civilization published by University of Darussalam Gontor. It is semiannual journal published in May and November for the developing the scientific ethos. Editors accept scientific articles and result of research in accordance with its nature as a journal of Islamic Civilization, such as: Islamic Philosophy, Islam and Contemporary Issues, Religious Studies, Islamic Science, Islamic Economics, Islamic education, Qur’anic Studies, Islamic Law, and Islamic Ethics
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics" : 10 Documents clear
Worldview Islam dan Kapitalisme Barat Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.36

Abstract

In the era when the idea of similarity, equality and pluralism are disseminated in diversified area, one might face difficulty to distinguish one civilization from the other.Now capitalism is the most dominant system of economic in the world and even developed into a civilization that has a worldveiw. Capitalism also used to be claimed and accepted as universal system that could be applied to the whole world. In response to this state of mind, it is imperative that capitalism be studied and identified from its very basic concept, i.e worldview perspective, and then compared it with Islam. This paper is a preliminary attempt to identify capitalist worldview and prove that it differs fundamentally from the worldview of Islam. The capitalist vision on religion, world, life style, justice, freedom of thought, wealth, economic activities which are influenced by Western worldview is diametrically different from Islamic worldview. Based on this study it must be very clear that Muslim intellectual who intend to borrow certain concept of capitalism for the development of Islamic economic should realize there are fundamental principles of capitalism that are irreconciliable with that of Islamic economic.
Force Majeure in Islamic Law of Transaction: A Comparative Study of the Civil Codes of Islamic Countries Mhd. Syahnan
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.37

Abstract

This paper attempts to shed lights on the performance of  the obligations to a valid contract that can be frustrated by events beyond human control. Such events may have considerable impact on various designated legal principles and rules which is widely known as force majeure. The doctrine of unforeseen circumstances in contemporary legislation, on the main, is expressed in the same term which understandably as result of  the origin derivation of  the French law le theorie de l’imprévision. Although it is true that there is no such general principle of  force majeure in classical Islamic law, the author argues that significant efforts have been made in synthesizing both the Islamic and Western law concepts. Accordingly, despite the fact that the traditional Islamic legal system has its own mechanism to deal with such events at the time of contract, to a certain extent, it has influenced its contemporary form of  the concept of  intervening conti- ngencies (nazariyyat al-jawa’ih ) as reflected in the Civil Codes of  the Arab states. In addition, in response to the exigencies of the ever-increasing problems of modern life which brings with it alien concept, force majeure does not contradict with the provisions of the Shari‘ah since the views of Islamic jurisprudents (fuqahâ) can justifiably be referred to.
Kebijakan Moneter dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembangunan Ekonomi dalam Perspektif Islam Ahmad Mansur
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.38

Abstract

The role of government is very important in an Islamic economy. The government is not only responsible for the establishment of Islamic values and norms in the society ,but also in economic matters such as fulfillment of basic needs, achieving full employment, price stability and low inflation, growth and development that lead to economic well being and welfare.  T o achieve that goal, the government certainly needs an appropriate policy to direct the economy into desired goal and direction.One of the policies is monetary policy .Monetary policy refers to the control of the supply of money to achieve and accomplish manageable inflation,price stability ,full employment and steady growth in the economy. This research tries to investigate the role of monetary policy and its implication on economic development in an Islamic perspective conceptually and theoretically. It found that the role of monetary policy is the same as that in modern economy, except that in Islamic economy ,the role of government is to ensure the Islamic values and nor ms to prevail in the society including the establishment of free interest economy and Islamic financial system that is free from interest based. The instruments of monetary policy in an Islamic perspective are not only confined in using open market operation, reserve ratio, discount rate, but also beyond those tools such as credit rationing, lending ratio and profit ratio which are based on the Islamic principles of interest free based economy.
Implementasi Musyarakah Mutanaqisah sebagai Alternatif Pembiayaan Murabahah di Perbankan Syariah Indonesia M. Ridwan; Syahruddin -
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.39

Abstract

Islamic banking and finance movement has now become mainstream with participation and competition from the leading,conventional banks. In Indonesia, majority of Islamic banking products is dominated by murâbahah. As the green-contract,  murâbahahalso has many shortcomings to be implemented in Islamic banking. It has potential deficiency for both customers and banks point of view. Alternatively, Musyaraka Mutanaqisa has several benefits that are not carried by murabaha. These advantages moreover can make Islamic banking productsto be competitive and attractive towards on-going dual banking system as being implemented in the most countries. This current modified contract can be an interesting alternative to murabahah especially for financing on real aset such as property. In other hand, there are some issues in musyaraka mutanaqisa  that should be revealed and educated to customers and banks to make this late product properly practiced. Some issues on the other hand, in this paper, the authors emphasized to classify into property indent financing, buying debts on debts, take over financing, taxations, annuity on profit distribution and the rest normative laws regarding with this hybrid contract.Overall,in ter m of compliancy of this product,it must be in line with sharia rules and regulations. The paper concludes that  Musyaraka Mutanaqisa can be practiced more widely as an alternative financing of murabahah which has been dominant applied to date by Islamic banking in Indonesia.
Kesatuan Bisnis dan Etika dalam al-Qur’an: Upaya Membangun Kerangka Bisnis Syariah Muhamad Muhammad
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.40

Abstract

The integration of ethics and business or business and ethics can mean to impose religious norms upon business, to post ethical code for business, to revise the economic system and law, and to improve the skills of  managing the demands of ethics from outside parties to seek for safe and so on. It implies that ethics is treated as a separate discipline and would be applied to the business world or to be developed by applying the study of moral issues in the business field. Such understanding will in turn lead to various branches of ethics such as economic ethics, business ethics, management ethics, banking ethics and others. At such levels, associated with this study, the questions are raised whether business and ethics in the Qur’an are separated or integrated; also how the Qur’an gives its perception about business and ethics. In Islam, Al-Quran provides a clear guidance for business vision which is a future business vision which is not only aiming at a short term profit which includes harm but a kind of  profit which is essentially good and having a good effect at its end. In other words, Ethics and Business are an integrated unity. As the result, the business growth in Islam is a function of profit, satisfaction of customer and other factors which cannot be detected and at the same time influencing the business success and the approval of Allah.
Character Debitur Bank Syariah dalam Memenuhi Kewajiban Saparuddin Siregar
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.41

Abstract

Observing the NPF ratio of  Syariah Banking which is compare with the NPL in Conventional Banking, it is found out that NPF usually higher than the NPL. Syariah Banking is a Bank which applies the Islamic morality in approaching or interacting with it’s customer. This kind of  approaching will bring in or encourage a good character of  customer, but it’s questionable why the NPF still high. Weber’s theory explain that there is a relationship between religion and behavior, so this research will describe what are the causal factor of  NPF, what are the character’s of  the debtor in sharia banking and try to analyze how the correspondence of  the Weber’s theory in this field. This research is a kind of socio religious research which use statistical descriptive analysis. The population of this research is the all of sharia bank in north sumatera, which took BPRS Puduarta Insani addresses in Kabupaten Deli Serdang as a sample. Source of data are documents, records such a list of  non performing financing on the Agustus 2011. Besides collecting the information through study documents, some interviews to officers and staff  are conducted. The results of  this study shows that the factors influenced the NPF are bad character (37%), followed by uncomfortable condition (27%) and lack of collateral (20%). capacity only influ- enced 10%, while capital only 6%. The Decreasing of NPF in BPRS by religious approach, good fight, and high pressure, have positive effect for the NPF. By this research Weber’s theory has correspondence with the empirical fact.
Corporate Governance Engineering of Islamic Banking and Finance: Tantangan Globalisasi Sistem Ekonomi dan Pasar Bebas Budi Sukardi
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.42

Abstract

The development of Islamic banking indicated dynamic changes and rapid growth. Some countries such United States, United Kingdom, European Union, Canada, Singapore implemented the Islamic financial system. However, economic globalization, laissez-faire, and financial crisis that engulf Indonesia as consequence the lack of bankers commitment to corporate governance, regulation and supervision of the government,business climate of banking do not prioritize business ethics between investors and bankers. Emerging debate that the models of corporate governance developed in western countries can not applicable in Muslim countries, even countries with high levels of corruption. Both models oscillated to find solution in fulfill stakeholders which the principles of morality have been ignored. The Implementation of corporate governance became part of social responsibility, values, ethics and norms must be possessed by Islamic banking due to highly correlated with the organizational readiness and the alignment of management actions to satisfy and ser ve stakeholder needs ,giving an exclusive deals in compliance the justice of morality ,social welfare,economic and political system, corporate image and accountability in keeping the identity of Islam as a religion. Corporate governance became a value system in Islamic financial institutions which giving same legal protections to all stakeholders, it would have an impact the effectiveness, the sustainability of institutions and generate trust with security sense of the community ,financial efficiency ,fiscal and monetary policies resulting in financial equilibrium.
Peran Intermediasi Sosial Perbankan Syariah bagi Masyarakat Miskin Syafii Antonio; Hilman F. Nugraha
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.43

Abstract

The ongoing  Islamic banking gets a lot of criticisms due to its unability to become the manifestation of the Islamic values which can be utilized by all people. These criticisms can be attributed to at least some indicators such as the dominance of non profit sharing contract (Murabahah) on Islamic banking practices that can only be enjoyed by the middle to upper class of  society, or the lack of optimization of the innovative Islamic banking products that can touch the majority of  the poor. This paper would like to discuss and explore the possible role of  social intermediation that can be carried out by the Islamic banking in addition to its role of  financial intermediation. By doing so, it can answer the stigma which states that Islamic banking is not pro poor. Based on the literature review and discussion, the role of  social intermediation by using social funds which are accordance to the perspective of  Islam namely charity, infaq, Sadaqah, endowments, and grants (ZISWAH) can be applied as the additional products or policies of  Islamic banking in order to serve the poor through several strategies, namely: (1) the establishment of special units for social intermediation and (2) the cooperation with LKMS in certain programs special for the poor.
Dirasah Fiqhiyyah Lihadits “Bai’atain fi Bai’ah” fi Manzur al-Iqtisad al-Islami Daud Rasyid
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.44

Abstract

Hadits is one source of Islamic Law. There are contracts which are forbidden is Islamic Law. One of that forbidden contracts is two sales in one contract (bay’atayn fi bay’ahor s}afqatayn fi s}afqah). There are narrations of the Ahadith which forbids this type of contract. The paper discusses the authenticity of these narrations and its legal meaning. According to the science of Hadits that daif (weak) Hadith could not be considered as valid source of law. There are three narrations related to this topic i.e. through Abu Hurayrah, Amru ibn Shuaib and Ibn Mas’ud. The Prophet (pbh) has forbidden two sales in one contract. This Hadits is generally considered as Sahih hence some transactions which come under this type are deemed as void. Muslim scholars have different opinion with regard to the meaning of this Hadits. There are some forms of contract which are forbidden is Islamic Law such as 1.  Bay’ al-ienah, 2.Bay’ al-Kali’ bil Kali’ and Bay’ al-Taqsit or Ta’jil (on deferred payment). This paper is an effort to shed the light on these types of contract referring to the opinions of Muslim intellectuals from different school of thought (Hanafite, Shafiite, Malikite and Hanbalite) with some conclusion et the end.
Masalah Penerjemahan Kolokasi dalam Tafsir Fi Zilal al-Qur’an Saifullah Kamalie
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.45

Abstract

Collocation is a universal linguistic phenomenon and has become the research topic of linguists, dictionary experts, language pedagogy experts, and also those who are involved in the field of translation. According to translation experts, a good translation is a translation that looks not like a translation. One of factors that cause the readers knowing and feeling that a translation is a translation is that the translator fails to identify a combination of a number of lexical items as a collocation. The ability to identify a collocation in the original text is the initial capital for a successful translation. In general, the translator is not a graduate from translation department of literature faculty. The Arabic language skills they have may already be sufficient. However, to become a good translator is not enough to just master the source language, but also should master the target language. It must be admitted, that during this time, learning Arabic is mainly concentrated on grammar alone while collocation is still a 'rare' or 'weird' thing in the eyes of the Arabic language learners. Teaching of Arabic language by giving an attention to the collocation will familiarize learners to use Arabic language appropriately like native speakers do it. If the translators know collocation and succeed to identify it in doing analysis on the source text, the result of translation will be free from the literal translation and the rigid structure of the language.

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