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Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education

jpki
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Published by Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

ISSN : 22525084 EISSN : 26545810 DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/jpki.46690

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education (Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia) is a peer-reviewed open-access journal which publishes research and innovation in curriculum development, student-centred learning, faculty development, assessment, and learning resources in health professions education. Aiming to improve literacy on health professions education in Indonesia and globally, this journal publishes three issues annually in English and Bahasa Indonesia.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 383 Documents

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Opini Publik tentang Malpraktek Kedokteran Hardisman Hardisman
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Maret
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: In providing services, medical professionals have to be aware of social norms, ethics and laws. Behaviors violate those regulations attract public attention and can lead to medical malpractice allegations. This study aimed to explore public opinion on medical malpractice, which was analyzed base on medical ethic principles.Method: To answer the research question, descriptive and qualitative online survey had been conducted from November 2009 to October 2010, which used structured and open-ended questionnaire. The participants were obtained by employing non-probability convenience sampling. Later, the quantitative data was analyzed descriptively, and the qualitative data was analyzed thematically and presented narratively.Results: In general, public opinion on malpractice is similar to the principles of medical ethics. They believe that wrong procedures, diagnosis and treatments are factors of the malpractice. However, the participants adopt more consequentialism philosophy, which emphasize on outcome of patients and lack of consideration what the doctors has done base on medical standards. More over, participants’ explanations on medical malpractice reflect dissatisfaction of medical services which may due to low quality of information and attitude of doctors and other staffs in providing services.Conclusion: To improve public opinion on medical service and prevent medical malpractice allegation, doctors and other staffs have to obey professional standards and ethics, providing adequate information and good communication.

Penggunaan Audit Klinis Sebagai Cara Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Peserta Didik PPDS Onkologi Radiasi Periode September 2010 - Maret 2011 Fielda Djuita; Harsono Mardiwiyoto; Ova Emilia; Soehartati Soehartati
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Maret
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Clinical Audit is one of the formative evaluations that conducted to maintain and increase behavior and performance of the Radiation Oncology students, as an effort to maintain radiotherapy services and grant the quality of education. The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of clinical audit in improving students’ behavior.Method: This was a quasi-experimental research time series. We have done audit to the medical record chart of the residences at Policlinic I, II, III and stay at semester 3, 4, 5 in FK UI/RSUPNCM between September 2010 and December 2011 (T0). Audit had done by the author and one of the lectures. After analyzing the audit report, the reports were sent to the students one by one through email followed by forwarding it to the lecturer involved in this research. Then we continue the audit by performing the second clinical audit (T1) from January until March 2011. We used the mean score from the two auditors. The score divided into 4 groups as follows: hospital clinical record, treatment prescription, simulation and planning also evaluation during treatment. After that the author compared the audit score before and after intervention with t-test.Results: There were 16 Oncology Radiation students with 163 cases (To) and 156 cases (T1) who worked at Policlinic I, II and III. Behavior mean score is 1.9229 (T0), standard deviation 0.0514 and mean score after first intervention is 1.9764, standard deviation 0.0479 with p= 0.006.Conclusion: The students’ behaviors and performance are changed significantly after intervention.

Tingkat Pelaksanaan Problem-Based Learning di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada Berdasarkan Pembelajaran Konstruktif, Mandiri, Kolaboratif, dan Kontekstual Banu Aji Dibyasakti; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Yoyo Suhoyo
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Maret
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Problem-based Learning (PBL) is a new strategy on a learning system. There are four basic theories regarding PBL such as constructive, self-directed, collaborative, and contextual learning. The success of the implementation of PBL in one institution can be measured by the implementation of its four basic theories. Faculty of Medicine UGM (FM UGM) has been implementing PBL as their curriculum since 2002, however there have not been any conducted research that measure the implementation of PBL in FM UGM towards its 4 (four) basic theories. The objectives of this study are to validate instrumen developed by Romauli et al8 that can measure the implementation level of PBL towards its 4 basic theories, to measure the implementation level of PBL in FM UGM towards its 4 basic theories, and to compare the implementation level of PBL based on students’ academic level and regular/international program.Method: This research used quantitative non-experimental research with cross-sectional design. 321 students from 2nd (2008) and 3rd (2007) students’batch regular and international program filled the questionnaire developed by Romauli et al (2009) which had been reliable (Alpha Cronbach) and validated (Pearson Moment Product) twice previously. The data were analyzed using mean analysis to measure the implementation level of PBL towards its four basic theories. This research also compared the implementation level of PBL based on students’ academic level and regular/international by using Independent Sample t-test.Results: Instrument developed by Romauli et al8 had high validity and reliability level (á=0,01 and r=0,931). The implementation level of PBL in FM UGM towards constructive, self-directed, collaborative, and contextual learning were in moderate level (1,72±0,28;min 0 & max 3). There were not any significant differences of the implementation level of PBL among 2007 & 2008 batch (p>0,05). There were any significant differences of the implementation level of PBL among regular & international students regarding constructive & contextual learning (p<0,05), however there were not any significant differences for self-directed & collaborative learning, (p>0,05).Conclusion: Instrument developed by Romauli et al (2009) had high validity and reliability. The implementation level of PBL were in moderate level. There were not any significant differences of the implementation level of PBL among two different students’ batch. There were any significant differences of the implementation level of PBL among reg

Pengalaman Belajar Mahasiswa Terkait Peran Skenario dalam Tutorial Nindya Aryanty; Gandes Retno Rahayu; Efrayim Suryadi
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Maret
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Tutorial in Problem-based Learning is a learning method where faculty prepares a scenario to trigger students learning through small group discussion. In the first meeting of tutorial, a group of students analyze the scenario given by raising and answering questions to explore phenomenon described in the scenario. Unresolved questions then become students’ learning issues which are a starting point for their independent learning. Answers gathered during individual learning then being reported and synthesized on the second meeting. The aim of this study is to investigate student learning experience regarding the role of scenario in tutorial.Method: Reflective writings of 36 medical students about learning experience using PBL collected at the end of first year were analyzed qualitatively through within-case analysis and cross-case analysis. Methods chosen to increase credibility are peer review and verbatim.Results: Students found that some scenarios stimulated their learning since it increase students’ curiosity. Scenarios discussing the latest news in medicine also attract to students to learn more. However, majority students admitted that some scenarios not providing enough clues to guide student determining learning objectives. Student preferred to discuss and formulate learning objectives by listing the title/topic of lecture scheduled on the same week as related tutorial session. Scenario that found identical to scenario given on the previous academic year also demotivates students to learn deeply. Students admitted learning from their senior notes in preference to learning from other valid resources. In addition, this study found that scenarios that lead students to discuss topic beyond their first-year competencies also disencourage students learning.Conclusion: Scenario plays an important role in student learning. Therefore, scenario have to be carefully designed by determining students’ prior knowledge, the length of independent learning session needed and learning resources available for students. It is also necessary to always renew the scenario for every academic year and improve its quality, for example by adding visual trigger along with written text.

Hubungan Motivasi Berprestasi dan Perhatian terhadap Proses Kognitif pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Politeknik Kesehatan Maluku Nurlaila Marasabessy; Yayi Suryo Prabandari; Ova Emilia
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Maret
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Earlier data showed that the mean of achievement index at first year students in Environmental Health Polytechnic of Maluku were decreased for the last 3 years, from 2,9 at year 2008, become 2,6 at year 2010. Studentspresence rate in the first semester for science and skills subjects such as basic of environmental health, microbiology, patophysio-anatomy, and health entomology also decreased from 89,09% at 2008 to 77,04% at 2010. Several studies and experts concludes that both quality and quantity of student’s learning are influenced by some factors like achievement motivation, attention, and cognitive process. The decrease on that factors may influence quality and quantity of learning process. The objective of this study is to identify the correlations between achievement motivation and attention to student’s cognitive process at first year students of Environmental Health Polytechnic of Maluku.Method: This was a quantitative study using survey to 80 first year students academic year 2010/2011. It is used modified instrument Archer’s Health Professional Motivation Survey to assess achievement motivation, Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder to assess attention, and Cognitive Processing Inventory to assess cognitive process. Correlation significance between factors analyzed by using Pearson Correlation.Results: There were significant correlations between achievement-motivation oriented to mastery learning and performance towards cognitive process. Attention factor also correlated to the cognitive process.Conclusion: Early stimulations of learning motivation and profession explanation are needed to the first year students. Learning methods that stimulate students engagement are important to improve the quality of student’s learning process.

Intrument for Evaluating Didactical Performance of Clinical Skill Laboratory Teachers Ide Pustaka Setiawan; Jan Van Dalen Jan Van Dalen; Jill Whittingham Jill Whittingham
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 2 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: There are some studies about strategies for clinical skills teachers and criteria for effective teaching in a Skills lab. However, there isn’t an established instrument yet to evaluate clinical skills teacher’s didactical performance while facilitating skills learning. The aim of this study was to develop an appropriate instrument to evaluate clinical skills teachers’ didactical performance.Method: A preliminary instrument was developed based on recent available literatures. This instrument was applied by students, to quantitatively evaluate didactical performance of skills teachers who teach a certain skill. Then focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted. The results of both procedures were compared.Results: 255 first year medical students participated (response rate: 91%). There was significant difference between students’ judgments of clinical teacher’s (specialist) and Skills lab teacher’s (general practitioner) didactical performance (p<0.05). Cronbach’s alpha of the instrument turned out to be .95, indicating a high homogeneity. All items contributed to this measure of reliability. This quantitative finding was supported by qualitative resultsConclusion: The questionnaire developed is valid and reliable. It can be concluded that characteristics of a proper instrument for evaluating clinical skills teachers’ didactical performance encompass didactic skill, interpersonal & communication skills and condition/strategy of skills training.

Validitas dan Reabilitas Metode Penilaian Students Oral Case Analysis (SOCA) pada Mahasiswa Tahap Sarjana Kedokteran Sylvia Mustika Sari
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 2 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Oral case presentations will be a vital component in medical career. The Student Oral Case Analysis (SOCA) is the assessment method of students’ ability in presenting their knowledge in case analysis, communication skills, and appropriate professional interactions. In fact, the studies in SOCA are still very limited. The aim of this study was to observe the validity and reliability of the oral assessment or SOCA in undergraduate medical education.Method: The cross sectional study in the third year students in the Medical Faculty of University Jenderal Ahmad Yani. Content-related validity was achieved by a panel expert in developing case and guide for examiners in SOCA, while concurrent validity was achieved by the correlation between SOCA and MCQ results. Inter-rater reliability was estimated by kappa coefficient.Results: The panel expert has done to receive the content validity. As concurrent validity evidence, the correlation between SOCA and MCQ result was 0.441 (p<0.01). Inter-rater reliability with the result of Kappa coefficient was 0.893 (p<0.01).Conclusion: The result shows that SOCA in undergraduate education was valid enough and reliable to assess the cognitive aspect.

Pengaruh Peer Assessment dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Anamnesis di Skills Laboratory Indah Puspasari Kiay Demak; Amitya Kumara; Efrayim Suryadi
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 2 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Peer assessment is a breakthrough innovation in assessment method where students assess their fellows. The benefits of it are feedback, cognitive and metacognitive gain, motivation, collaborative learning, self-regulated learning and performance enhancement. Learning in skills laboratory, students are expected to be able to master not only knowledge but also skills. Peer assessment is expected to make students be more motivate in learning and enhance performance. The aim of this study is to find out whether peer assessment can enhance students’ medical interview skills in skills laboratory.Method: The method was a quasi-experiment study with matching-only pretest posttest control group design. The subjects were third-year students in Medical School of Tadulako University which were divided into 2 experiment groups and 2 control groups. Before giving treatment, the skills of students in all group were assessed (pre test). After the treatment, post test was held as an evaluation tool. The raising score from pre test to post test will be analyzed with student t test.Results: P value for raising score was 0,907 (á > 0.05) with mean difference -0.091, which means statistically not significant. The negative number of mean difference indicate that the raising score in experiment group was lower than in control group.Conclusion: Raising score in control group was higher than in experiment group, but not significance statistically. Application of peer assessment in skills laboratory should be more concern in students ability in assessing which can be obtain by intense training and continuous monitoring and feedback from instructor.

Kriteria Seleksi Masuk Fakultas Kedokteran sebagai Prediktor Presentasi Akademik Dedeh Supantini; Lusiana Darsono; Winsa Husin
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 2 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Selection of students into medical school should have two distinct purposes: to enroll students that most likely to succeed in their academic and clinical year, and subsequently become competent and professional medical practitioner. Numbers of applicants and numbers of students accepted in Faculty of Medicine of Maranatha Christian University (MCU) was tend to increase each year. The selection of medical students was based on General Admission Test (GAT) prepared by admission committees of MCU. To improve the selection procedure, since 2009, the Faculty developed Medical Faculty Admission Test (MFAT) as additional selection tool to assess cognitive attributes in basic biomedical sciences. The objective of this study was to evaluate how well the selection criteria predict academic performance, and to identify if there were any aspects of prior academic history and student’s characteristic that correlate with subsequent students performance during medical program.Method: We studied students cohort of the 2009. Selection criteria were GAT and MFAT. Prior academic performance explained by student’s score on National High School Examination (NHSE) and student’s score on biology. Academic performance was defined as cumulative first year Grade Point Average (GPA). Correlation between GPA and selection criteria or student’s characteristic was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Multiple regressions was performed for each outcome variable with all variables included. Statistical significance was set at p < 0,05Results: There were 167 students included in this study. Bivariate correlation analysis with Pearson’s correlation showed that MFAT (= 0,354,p<0,01) and GAT ( r=0,301, p<0,01) were correlated with student’s academic performance. The results of multivariate analysis with multiple regression showed that MFAT and GAT are predictors of first year academic performance defined by GPA (R multiple = 0,404, p<0,001).Conclusion: Medical Faculty of MCU selection criteria ere correlated with academic performance.

Pengaruh Pelatihan Caring terhadap Perilaku Memberikan Asuhan Keperawatan pada Mahasiswa Saat Rotasi Klinik di Politeknik Depkes Palangka Raya Maria Magdalena Purba; Ova Emilia; Gandes Retno Rahayu
Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Medical Education Vol 2, No 2 (2013): JULI
Publisher : Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia

Background: Caring in nursing is a very basic component, as the heart of profession, Which means that caring is a fundamental component, and central and unique focus of nursing. Caring, which is a core of nursing practice, must grow from self and deepest heart to help other people since being a nursing student so that caring in nursing education, must be placed as main competency in nursing education. The aim of this research to evaluation the efficacy of caring training in improving understand cognitive, affective and psychomotor competencies of caring, among students during clinical periodMethod: This research used quasi experiment non-randomized control group pretest-posttest design. Respondents of research were nursing students of Poltekes Palangka Raya, Semester V, regular class, X-A period, with total of 37 respondents as intervention group and regular class of X-B period with total of 35 respondents as control group.Results: Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. Results of research indicated that cognitive, affective and psychomotor competencies of caring in nursing students with caring training did not show significant effect (cognitive: p-value = 0,21, affective: p-value = 0.58, psychomotor: p-value = 0.07); however, the average scores were higher among student received caring training The caring behavior showed no difference between male and female students.Conclusion: There is insignificant difference between students with caring training and students without caring training. The training should be modified as suggested in the paper.

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