IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI)
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) publishes articles in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). The scope covers all artificial intelligence area and its application in the following topics: neural networks; fuzzy logic; simulated biological evolution algorithms (like genetic algorithm, ant colony optimization, etc); reasoning and evolution; intelligence applications; computer vision and speech understanding; multimedia and cognitive informatics, data mining and machine learning tools, heuristic and AI planning strategies and tools, computational theories of learning; technology and computing (like particle swarm optimization); intelligent system architectures; knowledge representation; bioinformatics; natural language processing; multiagent systems; etc.
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Classification of EEG signal using EACA based approach at SSVEP-BCI
Ashwini S. R.;
H. C. Nagaraj
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp717-726
The brain-computer-interfaces (BCI) can also be referred towards a mindmachine interface that can provide a non-muscular communication channel in between the computer device and human brain. To measure the brain activity, electroencephalography (EEG) has been widely utilized in the applications of BCI to work system in real-time. It has been analyzed that the identification probability performed with other methodologies do not provide optimal classification accuracy. Therefore, it is required to focus on the process of feature extraction to achieve maximum classification accuracy. In this paper, a novel process of data-driven spatial has been proposed to improve the detection of steady state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) at BCI. Here, EACA has been proposed, which can develop the reproducibility of SSVEP across many trails. Further this can be utilized to improve the SSVEP from a noisy data signal by eliminating the activities of EEG background. In the simulation process, the SSVEP dataset recorded from given 11 subjects are considered. To validate the performance, the state-of-art method is considered to compare with the EDCA based proposed approach.
Novel approach of association rule mining for tree canopy assessment
Nilkamal More;
V. B. Nikam;
Biplab Banerjee
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp771-779
The evolution of technology and availability of voluminous satellite images are bringing a new scenario in satellite image classification where a performance efficient method for predictive analysis of satellite images for land cover classification needs to be devised. As urban areas are growing at faster rate, special attention needs to be given to solve tree canopy assessment problem. Vegetation indices are calculated from spectral information of satellite images. Hundreds of such vegetation indices are available to detect vegetation from a satellite image. The contribution of this paper is designing an improved Apriori algorithm to select optimal number of vegetation indices for tree canopy assessment. In this research, we propose a novel computational approach that allows the improvement of results. It selects optimal combination of vegetation indices and applies principal component analysis on it. It uses a greedy approach based on Apriori algorithm. This study emphasizes on assessment of tree canopy using GPU-enabled environment for performance-efficient assessment. The results achieved, are comparable to state-of-the-art techniques, with an accuracy of 96%. The research has considered 4 years data for Mumbai city of India. This research is useful for Green India Mission of India to assess tree canopy of urban region.
The implementation of intelligent systems in automating vehicle detection on the road
Susanto Susanto;
Dimas Dwi Budiarjo;
Aria Hendrawan;
Prind Triajeng Pungkasanti
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp571-575
Indonesia is a country with a high population, especially in big cities. The road always crowded with various types of vehicles. Sometimes the growth of vehicles is not matched by road construction. During peak hours, too many vehicles can cause traffic jams on the road. The road is needed to be widened to accommodate the number of vehicles that pass each day. In order for road widening to be precise at locations that frequently occur in traffic jams, data on the number and classification of vehicles passing is required. Therefore, a system that can calculate and recognize the type of vehicle that passes is needed. The development of various studies on artificial intelligence especially about object detection can classify and calculate the type of vehicle. In this study, the authors used the you only look once (YOLO) object detection system using a convolution neural network (CNN) method to classify and count vehicles that pass automatically. The author uses a dataset of 600 images with 4 classes which are car, truck, bus, and motorbikes that pass through the road. The results showed that the YOLO object detection system can recognize objects consistently with accuracy more than 80% on CCTV video that installed on the road.
Boyer Moore string-match framework for a hybrid short message service spam filtering technique
Arnold Adimabua Ojugo;
David Ademola Oyemade
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp519-527
Advances in technology and the proliferation of mobile device have continued to advance the ubiquitous nature of computing alongside their many prowess and improved features it brings as a disruptive technology to aid information sharing amongst many online users. This popularity, usage and adoption ease, mobility, and portability of the mobile smartphone devices have allowed for its acceptability and popularity. Mobile smartphones continue to adopt the use of short messages services accompanied with a scenario for spamming to thrive. Spams are unsolicited message or inappropriate contents. An effective spam filter studies are limited as short-text message service (SMS) are 140bytes, 160-characters, and rippled with abbreviation and slangs that further inhibits the effective training of models. The study proposes a string match algorithm used as deep learning ensemble on a hybrid spam filtering technique to normalize noisy features, expand text and use semantic dictionaries of disambiguation to train underlying learning heuristics and effectively classify SMS into legitimate and spam classes. Study uses a profile hidden Markov network to select and train the network structure and employs the deep neural network as a classifier network structure. Model achieves an accuracy of 97% with an error rate of 1.2%.
Applying fuzzy proportional integral derivative on Internet of things for figs greenhouse
Andi Riansyah;
Sri Mulyono;
M. Roichani
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp536-544
Indonesia is an agrarian country where most of population work as farmers. Various planting media have been developed in Indonesia such as using greenhouses. Greenhouse is one of very promising planting media for plant cultivators, because it can be a solution to challenges of extreme climate change. In a greenhouse, the state of the room can be easily controlled using technologies such as automatic watering systems, air temperature control, air humidity and soil moisture. This research focuses on figs by applying fuzzy proportional integral derivative (FPID) as artificial intelligence on the Internet of things (IoT) for greenhouses. It uses Tsukamoto method serves to monitor air conditions and soil conditions and then it is coupled with proportional integral derivative (PID) control to control air temperature, air humidity, and soil moisture so that it is always in the ideal condition of figs in greenhouse. By implementing FPID on IoT for greenhouse, the development of figs in greenhouse can be optimized because air and soil conditions can be maintained in ideal conditions.
Automatic cerebrovascular segmentation methods-a review
Fatma Taher;
Neema Prakash
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp576-583
Cerebrovascular diseases are one of the serious causes for the increase in mortality rate in the world which affect the blood vessels and blood supply to the brain. In order, diagnose and study the abnormalities in the cerebrovascular system, accurate segmentation methods can be used. The shape, direction and distribution of blood vessels can be studied using automatic segmentation. This will help the doctors to envisage the cerebrovascular system. Due to the complex shape and topology, automatic segmentation is still a challenge to the clinicians. In this paper, some of the latest approaches used for segmentation of magnetic resonance angiography images are explained. Some of such methods are deep convolutional neural network (CNN), 3dimentional-CNN (3D-CNN) and 3D U-Net. Finally, these methods are compared for evaluating their performance. 3D U-Net is the better performer among the described methods.
An adaptive motion planning algorithm for obstacle avoidance in autonomous vehicle parking
Naitik M. Nakrani;
Maulin M. Joshi
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp687-697
In the recent era, machine learning-based autonomous vehicle parking and obstacle avoidance navigation have drawn increased attention. An intelligent design is needed to solve the autonomous vehicles related problems. Presently, autonomous parking systems follow path planning techniques that generally do not possess a quality and a skill of natural adapting behavior of a human. Most of these designs are built on pre-defined and fixed criteria. It needs to be adaptive with respect to the vehicle dynamics. A novel adaptive motion planning algorithm is proposed in this paper that incorporates obstacle avoidance capability into a standalone parking controller that is kept adaptive to vehicle dimensions to provide human-like intelligence for parking problems. This model utilizes fuzzy membership thresholds concerning vehicle dimensions and vehicle localization to enhance the vehicle’s trajectory during parking when taking into consideration obstacles. It is generalized for all segments of cars, and simulation results prove the proposed algorithm’s effectiveness.
Design of grip strength measuring system using FSR and flex sensors using SVM algorithm
Soly Mathew Biju;
Hashir Zahid Sheikh;
Mohamed Fareq Malek;
Farhad Oroumchian;
Alison Bell
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp676-686
This paper proposes a design of a complete system to identify weak grip strength that is caused by multiple factors like ageing, diseases, or accidents. This paper presents a grip measurement system that comprises of force sensing resistor and flex sensor to evaluate the condition of the hand. The system is tested by gripping a pencil and a cylindrical object using the glove, to determine the condition of the hand. Force sensitive resistor (FSR) evaluates the force applied by the different parts of the palm on the object being grasped. Flex sensor evaluates the bending of the fingers and thumb. The data from the sensors is then compared with existing data to evaluate the state of the hand. The data from the sensors is stored on the personal computer (PC) through serial communication. A model is trained using the data from the sensors, which determine if the grip strength of the user is weak or strong. The model is also trained to differentiate between two modes that are pen mode and object mode. The model achieved an accuracy of 90.8 percent using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. This glove can be deployed in medical centers to assist in grip strength measurement.
CLG clustering for dropout prediction using log-data clustering method
Agung Triayudi;
Wahyu Oktri Widyarto;
Lia Kamelia;
Iksal Iksal;
Sumiati Sumiati
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp764-770
Implementation of data mining, machine learning, and statistical data from educational department commonly known as educational data mining. Most of school systems require a teacher to teach a number of students at one time. Exam are regularly being use as a method to measure student’s achievement, which is difficult to understand because examination cannot be done easily. The other hand, programming classes makes source code editing and UNIX commands able to easily detect and store automatically as log-data. Hence, rather that estimating the performance of those student based on this log-data, this study being more focused on detecting them who experienced a difficulty or unable to take programming classes. We propose CLG clustering methods that can predict a risk of being dropped out from school using cluster data for outlier detection.
Gait cycle prediction model based on gait kinematic using machine learning technique for assistive rehabilitation device
Che Ani Adi Izhar;
Z. Hussain;
M. I. F. Maruzuki;
Mohd Suhaimi Sulaiman;
A. A. Abd. Rahim
IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/ijai.v10.i3.pp752-763
The gait cycle prediction model is critical for controlling assistive rehabilitation equipment like orthosis. The human gait model has recently used statistical models, but the dynamic properties of human physiology limit the current approach. Current human gait cycle prediction models need detailed kinematic and kinetic data of the human body as input parameters, and measuring them requires special instruments, making them difficult to use in real-world applications. In our study, three separate machine learning algorithms were used to create a human gait model: Gaussian process regression, support vector machine, and decision tree. The algorithm used to create the model's input parameters are height, weight, hip and knee angle, and ground reaction force (GRF). For better gait cycle model prediction, the models produced were enhanced by incorporating different sliding window data. The best gait period prediction model was DT with sliding window data (t−3), which had a root mean square error of 3.3018 and the R-squared (R-Value) of 0.97. The projection model focused on hip and knee angle and GRF was a feasible solution to controlling assistive rehabilitation devices during the gait cycle.