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Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research

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Published by Universitas Sriwijaya

ISSN : - EISSN : 25980580 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

BioScientia Medicina is an open access international scholarly journal in the field of biomedicine and translational research aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that offering a sensible transfer of basic research to applied clinical medicine. BioScientia Medicina covers the latest developments in various fields of biomedicine with special attention to medical sciences, Traditional Herb, genetics, immunology, environmental health, toxicology, bioinformatics and biotechnology as well as multidisciplinary studies. The views of experts on current advances in nanotechnology and molecular/cell biology will be also considered for publication as long as they have a direct clinical impact on human health.

Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anatomi

Articles 1,290 Documents

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In-House Virtual Surgical Planning Using 3D Slicer: Outcomes of Free Fibular Flap Mandibular Reconstruction Redo Alif Iszar; Mulyadi; Ozi Rahmat Firdaus
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1618

Background: Mandibular reconstruction following tumor resection remains a significant surgical challenge requiring precise restoration of facial symmetry and function. Virtual surgical planning has emerged as a transformative approach, yet its adoption remains limited by the high costs of commercial platforms and proprietary cutting guides. Methods: This proof-of-concept case series evaluated the operative outcomes and cost-effectiveness of an in-house virtual surgical planning workflow using 3D Slicer, a free open-source software platform, for mandibular reconstruction with free fibular flap without fibular cutting guides. Results: Four consecutive patients (three males, one female; mean age 39.0 years; standard deviation 13.1; range 28-58) who underwent mandibular reconstruction between July and December 2024 were included. Three patients presented with ameloblastoma and one with squamous cell carcinoma. Preoperative computed tomography data were processed using 3D Slicer version 5.6.2 to generate three-dimensional mandibular models through thresholding segmentation, followed by mirroring technique reconstruction and polylactic acid three-dimensional printing. The mean ischemic time was 51.0 minutes (standard deviation 10.7; 95% confidence interval 34.0-68.0), representing a 70.4% reduction compared with conventional approaches in published literature. The mean total operative time was 455.0 minutes (standard deviation 136.5; 95% confidence interval 237.8-672.2). Model printing costs of IDR 50,000-100,000 (approximately USD 3-7) represented a 99% reduction compared with commercial cutting guides. Conclusion: All flaps survived without complications. These preliminary findings suggest that simplified in-house virtual surgical planning using free open-source software provides a potentially cost-effective and efficient alternative for mandibular reconstruction, warranting validation in larger prospective studies.

Successful Management of Culture-Negative Fungal Keratitis with Epithelial Keratectomy and Intracameral Fluconazole Injection: A Case Report Kristian Dernitra; I Gusti Ayu Made Juliari; Ida Ayu Ary Pramita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1619

Background: Fungal keratitis is a major cause of corneal blindness in tropical regions. Microbiological culture often yields negative results in up to 40% of clinically suspected cases, creating diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This report describes successful management of culture-negative suspected fungal keratitis using epithelial keratectomy combined with intracameral fluconazole injection. Case presentation: A 58-year-old male presented with progressive visual loss in the left eye following mud exposure and irrigation with river water. Examination revealed a 3×3 mm paracentral corneal ulcer with stromal infiltration exceeding one-third depth, satellite lesions, and 1.5 mm hypopyon. Gram stain, potassium hydroxide preparation, and culture were all negative. Based on clinical suspicion of fungal etiology, the patient underwent epithelial keratectomy with intracameral fluconazole injection, supplemented by intensive topical and systemic antifungal therapy. Progressive improvement was observed, with complete hypopyon resolution by day 26 and visual acuity improving from 1/300 to 6/30 over four months. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that timely invasive antifungal intervention guided by clinical judgment can achieve favorable outcomes in culture-negative suspected fungal keratitis. The preservation of useful vision without corneal transplantation is particularly significant in resource-limited settings, underscoring the critical role of clinical decision-making when laboratory confirmation is unavailable.

Emergency Bedside Transvenous Pacing Without Fluoroscopic Guidance for Refractory Symptomatic Bradycardia Following Cardiac Arrest in Acute Inferior ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Case Report Philipus Wiranata; Michael Sebastian Kawilarang
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1620

Background: Symptomatic bradycardia is a recognized complication of acute inferior myocardial infarction due to atrioventricular node ischemia. Temporary transvenous pacemaker insertion traditionally requires fluoroscopic guidance, which may be unavailable in emergency departments. Alternative non-fluoroscopic approaches are essential in time-critical, resource-limited settings. Case presentation: A 62-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus presented to the emergency department with respiratory and cardiac arrest. Following cardiopulmonary resuscitation, return of spontaneous circulation was achieved. Electrocardiography revealed inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction with second-degree atrioventricular block type II. Despite administration of atropine sulfate (cumulative dose 1.25 mg intravenously) and vasopressor support, the patient developed refractory symptomatic bradycardia with heart rate declining to 25-30 beats per minute, culminating in a second cardiac arrest. After achieving return of spontaneous circulation for the second time, a temporary transvenous pacemaker was inserted at the bedside in the emergency department via the femoral vein using a blind technique with electrocardiographic monitoring as the sole guide for successful placement. The pacemaker was set to VVI mode at 70 beats per minute. Subsequent fluoroscopic confirmation in the catheterization laboratory revealed the catheter tip in the right ventricular outflow tract, which was repositioned to the right ventricular apex. Percutaneous coronary intervention was subsequently performed. Conclusion: Bedside blind temporary transvenous pacemaker insertion using electrocardiographic monitoring is a feasible and effective approach in emergency settings where fluoroscopic guidance is unavailable.

Emergency Splenectomy for Blunt Splenic Rupture Complicated by Post-Traumatic Acute Kidney Injury and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: A Case Report Syifa Firza Aziza; Satrio Teguh Krisyuantoro; Pandu Anggoro; Dia Irawati; Fitria Nurul Hidayah
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 6 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i6.1622

Background: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome is a leading cause of mortality after major blunt trauma. The spleen is the most frequently injured intra-abdominal solid organ, and when rupture occurs, it may precipitate haemorrhagic shock, systemic inflammatory response, and cascading failure of the kidneys, lungs, and coagulation system. Early recognition, rapid haemorrhage control, and coordinated multidisciplinary support are essential to limit progression and improve survival. Case presentation: A 30-year-old male motorcyclist presented to the emergency department after a high-velocity road traffic accident without helmet protection. On arrival, he was hypotensive (72/57 mmHg), tachycardic (140 bpm), apathetic with a Glasgow Coma Scale of 12, and had left upper quadrant tenderness with muscular defence. Focused assessment with sonography for trauma demonstrated free intraperitoneal fluid consistent with splenic rupture. Haemoglobin fell from 12.8 to 5.9 g/dL within hours and leukocytes rose to 37.8 ×10³/µL. An emergency splenectomy was performed for haemostasis. During the five-day intensive care course, he developed progressive oliguric acute kidney injury (peak creatinine 5.6 mg/dL, urea 114 mg/dL) requiring intermittent haemodialysis, hypercapnic respiratory failure (pH 6.969; pCO₂ 124.6 mmHg) requiring mechanical ventilation, stress hyperglycaemia (441 mg/dL) managed with insulin, and transient thrombocytopenia. Multidisciplinary care by trauma surgery, critical care, nephrology, and internal medicine resulted in haemodynamic stabilisation, recovery of renal function, and successful weaning from ventilation. Conclusion: Prompt haemorrhage control through emergency splenectomy, goal-directed resuscitation, early initiation of renal replacement therapy, metabolic support, and coordinated multidisciplinary intervention were decisive in mitigating trauma-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in this patient and are proposed as pillars of management in similar presentations.

Comparative Efficacy of Intra-articular Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Dextrose Prolotherapy for Pain Reduction and Functional Recovery in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials Bagus Bayu Pradnyana; Bagus Diva Indra Dharma
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 7 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i7.1623

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a primary cause of chronic pain and disability. Intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy are emerging regenerative therapies, yet their comparative and long-term effectiveness remain incompletely characterized. This meta-analysis quantifies their pooled effect on pain and function, prioritizing the head-to-head comparison of PRP versus prolotherapy. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar (to July 2025) identified randomized and prospective comparative trials evaluating intra-articular PRP and/or prolotherapy in adults with Kellgren–Lawrence grade I–III knee OA. Pain and functional outcomes were extracted, and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 framework. Standardized mean differences (Hedges' g) were pooled using a restricted maximum likelihood random-effects model, alongside subgroup and small-study effect analyses. Results: Ten studies (n=855) were included. The mixed-comparator pooled estimate significantly favored the active therapies (Hedges' g = −0.948, 95% CI −1.725 to −0.171; p=0.022; I²=94.9%). Subgroup analyses revealed an effect size of g = −1.302 for PRP versus prolotherapy, g = −1.049 for prolotherapy versus inactive comparators, and g = −0.412 for PRP versus saline placebo. Differences between subgroups were not statistically significant (p=0.627). Egger regression indicated small-study effects (p=0.016). Conclusion: Both PRP and prolotherapy yield clinically meaningful improvements in knee OA pain and function. PRP demonstrates larger, more durable effects in direct comparisons, positioning it as the preferred regenerative option for sustained benefit beyond six months. Prolotherapy remains a practical alternative for shorter-term relief. However, substantial heterogeneity, small-study effects, and modest advantages over blinded saline necessitate cautious translational interpretation.

Mycobacterium marinum Co-infection Masquerading as Treatment-Resistant Chromoblastomycosis: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge in Cutaneous Co-infection Stefanus Soewito Sutanto; Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti Karna; Herman Saputra; Robert Thiodorus
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 7 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i7.1624

Background: Co-infection of chromoblastomycosis and Mycobacterium marinum (fish tank granuloma) within a single cutaneous lesion is exceptionally rare and presents a formidable diagnostic challenge owing to overlapping clinical and histopathologic features. The chronic verrucous or nodular morphology, predilection for distal extremities, and aquatic exposure history common to both conditions can lead to misdiagnosis, prolonged ineffective therapy, and patient morbidity. Case presentation: A 31-year-old Indonesian male with a fishkeeping hobby presented with a persistent erythematous plaque on the right middle finger, present since 2022, following a puncture injury sustained while collecting mosquito larvae and water fleas as fish food. He was initially diagnosed with chromoblastomycosis (Phialophora spp. on culture) in September 2023 and treated with itraconazole 200 mg daily and topical miconazole 2% for 48 weeks without resolution. Repeat biopsy in 2024 demonstrated negative periodic acid-Schiff and Ziehl-Neelsen stains but revealed non-caseating tuberculoid granulomas. Considering the patient's aquatic exposure, antifungal failure, and granulomatous histopathology, a diagnosis of fish tank granuloma due to M. marinum co-infection was established. Combination antimycobacterial therapy with rifampicin 600 mg and ethambutol 1500 mg daily produced clinical resolution at six-month follow-up. Conclusion: This case underscores the necessity of considering M. marinum in patients with antifungal-refractory chronic skin lesions and aquatic exposure, and highlights the diagnostic value of repeat histopathology with directed staining when initial therapy fails.

Membranous β-Catenin Expression Inversely Correlates with WHO/ISUP Grading in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Indonesian Cross-Sectional H-Score Study Rifka Ulfa Rosyida; Kenty Wantri Anita; Ihda Dian Kusuma; Eviana Norahmawati; Rachmad Sarwo Bekti
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 7 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i7.1625

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common adult renal malignancy and exhibits heterogeneous clinical behavior that is currently stratified by the WHO/ISUP nuclear grading system. β-catenin, the terminal effector of canonical Wnt signaling and an integral component of the cadherin–catenin adhesion complex, has been implicated in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor progression, but its quantitative relationship with WHO/ISUP grade in Indonesian ccRCC has not been reported. Methods: This analytic observational cross-sectional study examined 73 archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ccRCC specimens collected at the Anatomical Pathology Installation of Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional General Hospital Malang between January 2019 and May 2025. Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin (Dako Clone 14, dilution 1:200) was scored independently and blindly by two anatomical pathologists using the H-score methodology across ten 400× high-power fields per case. Results: The overall mean H-score was 236.4 ± 50.6 (range 20–295). Spearman rank correlation revealed a strong, statistically significant inverse association between membranous β-catenin H-score and WHO/ISUP grade (ρ = –0.664; 95% CI –0.778 to –0.503; p < 0.001). Mean H-scores declined monotonically from Grade 1 (285 ± 28) through Grade 2 (270 ± 32), Grade 3 (228 ± 30), to Grade 4 (175 ± 32), and Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis distinguished high-grade (G3–G4) from low-grade (G1–G2) tumors with an area under the curve of 0.84. Conclusion: These findings support membranous β-catenin H-score as a biologically grounded, accessible immunohistochemical adjunct to WHO/ISUP grading and motivate further translational evaluation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a stratification and therapeutic target in ccRCC.

Dose-Dependent Anti-Fibrotic Effect of Thymoquinone on Renal TGF-β1 Expression in Wistar Rats with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction M Zulfikar Abadi; Suprapti; Muhammad Irsan Saleh; Zulkhair Ali; Novadian
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 7 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i7.1626

Background: Renal fibrosis is the final common pathway of chronic kidney disease (CKD), regulated by the pro-fibrotic cytokine Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Thymoquinone, the principal bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity in pre-clinical models, but its dose-response profile in obstructive nephropathy is incompletely characterised. Methods: This in-vivo experimental study used a post-test-only with control-group design in 30 male Wistar rats (200–250 g) randomised into six groups (n=5): sham + olive-oil; UUO + olive-oil; UUO without olive-oil; and UUO with intra-peritoneal thymoquinone at 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg body-weight daily for 14 days. The primary outcome was renal cortical TGF-β1 mRNA expression by RT-PCR; secondary outcomes were IL-6 expression, serum urea and creatinine, Sirius-red percentage of positively-stained area (PSA) and a PAS-stained tubular injury score. Results: UUO produced renal injury: urea rose from 41.3 ± 6.2 to 57.7 ± 7.6 mg/dL (p=0.003) and TGF-β1 expression rose from 473,500 ± 32,797 to 679,922 ± 27,998 densitometric units (p=0.001). Thymoquinone reduced TGF-β1 dose-dependently to 644,571 ± 25,457, 612,143 ± 23,822 and 581,571 ± 24,128 a.u. at 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg (ANOVA p=0.004); the 20 mg/kg dose was superior to lower doses (p<0.05). PSA and tubular injury improved in parallel and correlated strongly with TGF-β1 (r=0.85). Conclusion: Thymoquinone exerts a dose-dependent anti-fibrotic effect via TGF-β1 down-regulation in obstructive nephropathy, supporting its evaluation as a complementary anti-fibrotic adjunct in CKD.

Adjuvant Resveratrol Reduces Albuminuria and Serum Transforming Growth Factor-β Without Improving Glomerular Filtration Rate in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A 12-Week Randomized Controlled Trial Eva Julita; Zulkhair Ali; Yulianto Kusnadi; Legiran
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 7 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i7.1627

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progresses through inflammation and fibrosis, with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) as the principal profibrotic mediator and albuminuria as a clinical surrogate of glomerular injury. Methods: We conducted a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, between October 2025 and January 2026 to evaluate adjuvant resveratrol on serum TGF-β, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: Of 61 randomized adults with DKD on standard care, 54 were analyzed (resveratrol n=27 received 25 mg twice daily, derived from Polygonum cuspidatum in 95% lecithin; placebo n=27). Within the resveratrol group, serum TGF-β fell from 123.7 to 77.1 pg/mL (p=0.008) and UACR from 94.1 to 89.8 mg/g (p=0.017); within placebo, UACR rose from 81.9 to 112 mg/g (p=0.029) while TGF-β change was non-significant (p=0.428). Between-group ΔUACR was significant (p<0.001), whereas ΔTGF-β (p=0.303) and ΔeGFR (p=0.567) were not. Multivariable linear regression identified resveratrol as an independent predictor of UACR reduction (B=−394.12 mg/g; 95% CI −659.53 to −128.71; p=0.004; adjusted R²=0.129). Baseline TGF-β was the dominant predictor of ΔTGF-β (B=−0.81; p<0.001; adjusted R²=0.701), and baseline LFG stage predicted ΔeGFR (B=−4.76; p=0.021). Mild bloating was reported in 14.8% of resveratrol versus 11.1% of placebo recipients; no serious adverse events occurred. Conclusion: Adjuvant low-dose resveratrol reduces albuminuria and serum TGF-β over 12 weeks in DKD without short-term improvement in eGFR, supporting an antifibrotic biomarker signal that warrants longer trials.

Topical Allium cepa Ethanol Extract Restores SOD and VEGF Without Increasing Hair Length in UV-B-Exposed Wistar Rats Ajeng Hana Anjani Djajaatmadja; I Made Winarsa Ruma; Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryanthini; Agung Nova Mahendra; Bagus Komang Satriyasa; I Wayan Sugiritama
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 10 No. 7 (2026): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v10i7.1629

Background: Ultraviolet B (UV-B) accelerates hair photoaging by depleting cutaneous superoxide dismutase (SOD) and dysregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Red onion (Allium cepa) is rich in flavonoids and organosulfur precursors of hydrogen sulphide that may enhance both antioxidant defenses and pro-angiogenic signaling. This study evaluated topical Allium cepa ethanol extract on cutaneous SOD, VEGF, and hair length in UV-B-exposed Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats (3–4 months, 180–200 g) were randomly allocated to five groups (n=4): normal control without UV-B (KN), placebo with UV-B and base preparation (K-), and three groups receiving topical Allium cepa ethanol extract at 1% (P1), 2% (P2), and 4% (P3). UV-B was administered at 65 mJ/cm² thrice weekly for 21 days. SOD and VEGF were measured by ELISA; hair length by digital calipers. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc tests. Results: UV-B reduced SOD by 77.2% and VEGF by 61.7% versus normal. Topical Allium cepa restored both dose-dependently: SOD reached 13.85±0.27 U/mL and VEGF reached 43.00±1.13 ng/L at 4%, with 4% VEGF exceeding normal by 33% (p<0.001). The 2% concentration restored VEGF to physiological levels (p=0.493). Hair length did not differ across groups (p=0.394). The cross-group SOD–VEGF correlation was strongly positive (Pearson r=0.804). Conclusion: Topical Allium cepa ethanol extract is a potent dose-dependent enhancer of cutaneous SOD and VEGF in UV-B-exposed rats. The dissociation between robust biochemical recovery and the unchanged hair-length endpoint supports Allium cepa as an antioxidant and pro-angiogenic adjunct for hair photoaging warranting extended-duration translational studies.

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