International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) focuses on the applied works in the areas of power generation, transmission and distribution, sustainable energy, applications of power control in large power systems, etc. The main objective of IJAPE is to bring out the latest practices in research in the above mentioned areas for efficient and cost effective operations of power systems. The journal covers, but not limited to, the following scope: electric power generation, transmission and distribution, energy conversion, electrical machinery, sustainable energy, insulation, solar energy, high-power semiconductors, power quality, power economic, FACTS, renewable energy, electromagnetic compatibility, electrical engineering materials, high voltage insulation technologies, high voltage apparatuses, lightning, protection system, power system analysis, SCADA, and electrical measurements.
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<![CDATA[Design and control of a grid-connected solar-wind hybrid sustainable energy generation systems using DFIG ]]>
<![CDATA[Kumar, G. B. Arjun]]>;
<![CDATA[Balamurugan, M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Kumar, K. N. Sunil]]>;
<![CDATA[Gatti, Ravi]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp188-201
<![CDATA[An optimal control of a grid-connected solar-wind hybrid scheme for the electricity generation system by utilizing both wind and solar renewable energy in a remote region that is inaccessible to the electricity grid. The control and assessment of a hybrid sustainable energy generation system power system that supplies three-phase, four-line loads as well as a battery array are presented in this research work. Wind energy conversion system (WECS) is comprised of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) and two pulse width modulation (PWM) voltage source converters, namely the grid side converter (GSC) and the rotor side converter (RSC), which are linked together via a DC-link and are equipped with a technique for maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The grid voltage-oriented control strategy is employed to provide a consistent DC-bus voltage for the GSC and to regulate the reactive power on the power grid. Even the difference in voltage and frequency can be controlled with this novel strategy. The stator voltage-oriented vector technique is designed in the RSC control strategy, resulting in effective regulation of reactive and active power at the stator as well as an MPPT obtained by controlling the optimal torque. The hybrid sustainable energy generating system (HSEGS) simulation model is designed to have a capacity of 5 kW, and its efficiency is evaluated using the MATLAB/ Simulink platform and demonstrated in a variety of circumstances.]]>
<![CDATA[Performance analysis of conventional multilevel inverter driven PMSM drive in EV applications ]]>
<![CDATA[Shriwastava, Rakesh G.]]>;
<![CDATA[Pokle, Pravin B.]]>;
<![CDATA[Mendhe, Ajay M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Dhote, Nitin]]>;
<![CDATA[Rewatkar, Rajendra M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Mapari, Rahul]]>;
<![CDATA[Dhunde, Ranjit]]>;
<![CDATA[Patil, Hemant R. Bhagat]]>;
<![CDATA[Pawase, Ramesh]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp37-45
<![CDATA[This paper describes the simulation and hardware analysis of a two-level inverter-driven permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive in EV applications. The design of various sections of PMSM Drive is discussed in detail. This proposed work is based on the voltage source converter (VSC) fed four-pole, 373 W. This paper highlights the design and implementation using a microcontroller of (PMSM) drive for various operating conditions. The experimental results show that the control and power circuit used in the design can achieve excellent and consistent speed performance. The performance along with test results of the speed and load variation of the PMSM drive is studied for steady-state conditions. The performance of the motor has been checked by increasing the inverter frequency with the speed of the motor and also keeping the frequency remains constant by varying the load and speed. Hardware analysis indicates the improved performance of the motor and the drive. It has good speed and torque responses and is suitable for EPS applications.]]>
<![CDATA[High order sliding mode control for grid integration of photovoltaic systems ]]>
<![CDATA[Ech-cherki, Noureddine]]>;
<![CDATA[Echab, Oumaima]]>;
<![CDATA[Errami, Youssef]]>;
<![CDATA[Obbadi, Abdellatif]]>;
<![CDATA[Sahnoun, Smail]]>;
<![CDATA[Aoutoul, Mohssin]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp118-126
<![CDATA[The article suggests employing second-order sliding mode control (SOSMC) to manage photovoltaic systems (PVS) connected to the electrical grid. These systems face complexities due to non-linearities, variability, uncertainties, disturbances, and climate changes. The proposed control strategy utilizes two converters: one at the photovoltaic generator (PVG) side for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to optimize energy generation and another at the grid connection point to regulate power injection into the grid and maintain the DC bus voltage (Vdc) while achieving unit power factor (UPF). Both converters are equipped with SOSMC controllers, enabling independent adjustment of active (P) and reactive (Q) power. This approach aims to enhance the energy efficiency and robustness of PVS under varying climatic conditions. The performance of the system is evaluated under standard and variable irradiation conditions using the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Simulation results indicate that SOSMC significantly improves system performance and efficiency compared to conventional vector control (CVC). Notably, it reduces active power overshoot by 100%, decreases Vdc response time, and lowers total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current to 1.19%, demonstrating its effectiveness across different irradiation levels.]]>
<![CDATA[Optimal distributed generator placement for loss reduction using fuzzy and adaptive grey wolf algorithm ]]>
<![CDATA[Sarika, Daruru]]>;
<![CDATA[Babu, Palepu Suresh]]>;
<![CDATA[Gopi, Pasala]]>;
<![CDATA[Reddy, Manubolu Damodar]]>;
<![CDATA[Potladurty, Suresh Babu]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp155-162
<![CDATA[This research provides a new methodology for locating distributed generation (DG) units in distribution electrical networks utilizing the fuzzy and adaptive grey wolf optimization algorithm (AGWOA) to decrease power losses and enhance the voltage profile. Everyday living relies heavily on electrical energy. The promotion of generating electrical power from renewable energy sources such as wind, tidal wave, and solar energy has arisen due to the significant value placed on all prospective energy sources capable of producing it. There has been substantial research on integrating distributed generation into the electricity system due to the growing interest in renewable sources in recent years. The primary reason for adding distributed generation sources for the network is to supply a net quantity of power, lowering power losses. Determining the amount and location of local generation is crucial for reducing the line losses of power systems. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine the best location for distributed generation. In this study, DG unit placement is determined using a fuzzy technique. In contrast, photovoltaic (PV) and capacitor placement and size are determined simultaneously using an adaptive grey wolf technique based on the cunning behavior of wolves. The proposed method is developed using the MATLAB programming language; the results are then provided after testing on test systems with 33-bus and 15-bus.]]>
<![CDATA[Energy storage participation for frequency regulation of microgrid in PV-dominated power system ]]>
<![CDATA[Singh, Nirdesh]]>;
<![CDATA[Jain, Dinesh Kumar]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp109-117
<![CDATA[The frequency stability of a power grid is effectively managed through the inertia and power reserves supplied by synchronous generators. Due to increasing concerns about the greenhouse effect and global warming, renewable energy sources (or microgrids) are increasingly replacing traditional fossil fuel-based methods of electricity generation. As microgrid deployment proliferates, power systems' inherent complexity and non-linear dynamics have escalated, rendering conventional controllers inadequate across diverse operating conditions. Factors such as reduced energy inertia, heightened penetration of renewable energy sources, and significant power fluctuations within confined transmission systems have heightened the vulnerability of microgrid frequencies to instability. This paper elucidates the concept of microgrids, examines frequency fluctuations in the presence of solar and diesel generators alongside load variations, and presents simulation-based analyses. Moreover, it provides a succinct overview of frequency control methodologies. Validation outcomes demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controller in maintaining system frequency amidst fluctuating load demands and renewable energy inputs.]]>
<![CDATA[An optimal energy management strategy for a stand-alone PV/wind/battery hybrid energy system ]]>
<![CDATA[Zebraoui, Otmane]]>;
<![CDATA[Bouzi, Mostafa]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasiri, Badr]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp212-223
<![CDATA[This paper presents an optimization study of a stand-alone hybrid energy system that includes a photovoltaic energy generator, a wind energy generator, and lithium-ion storage batteries. In the proposed system architecture, solar, and wind sources are utilized as the primary power generators, while batteries serve as a secondary storage to ensure system autonomy across varying weather conditions. The aim is to improve system performance through an optimal energy management strategy that addresses operational constraints and electrical load needs while managing energy flow between sources and controlling the storage system. To manage energy flow between sources and load, an intelligent approach using a hierarchical algorithm is proposed to configure the optimal operating mode based on the power from both sources, load power, and battery state of charge. Additionally, a controller is developed to manage battery operating modes, ensuring state of charge (SOC) limits and maintaining a constant direct current (DC) bus voltage. Under varying operating conditions, the simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed management strategy in maintaining the power balance between supply and demand, providing a stable and continuous power supply, and keeping the batteries SOC within its limits and the DC bus voltage at its reference value.]]>
<![CDATA[DTC analysis of DCMLI driven PMSM-SVM drive ]]>
<![CDATA[Shriwastava, Rakesh G.]]>;
<![CDATA[Pokle, Pravin B.]]>;
<![CDATA[Mendhe, Ajay M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Dhote, Nitin]]>;
<![CDATA[Rewatkar, Rajendra M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Mapari, Rahul]]>;
<![CDATA[Dhunde, Ranjit]]>;
<![CDATA[Bhagat Patil, Hemant R.]]>;
<![CDATA[Pawase, Ramesh]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp235-243
<![CDATA[The paper focuses on a comparative analysis of direct torque control (DTC) space vector modulation (SVM) based permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive. This comparative analysis is based on a conventional inverter and a 3-level dual-cell modular multilevel inverter (DCMLI) using the SVM technique using MATLAB simulation. The present DTC-PMSM drive consists of flux and torque hysteresis comparators and has a problem of switching frequency and torque ripple. The problems are solved by using SVM to provide more inverter voltage and it compensates for torque and flux error in a DTC. A reference voltage space vector is calculated every time using the algorithm on the basic of torque error and stator flux angle. It was proposed to control torque, torque angle, and stator flux in DTC-PMSM. From the detailed comparison, the DTC-DCMLI PMSM drive has an exact solution of problem-solving of switching frequency and torque ripple due to less distorted output. Proposed drives can be applicable for hardware implementation in automotive applications.]]>
<![CDATA[Innovation of control valve motorization method for regulating turbine rotation in micro hydro generators ]]>
<![CDATA[Hardi, Supri]]>;
<![CDATA[Safitri, Nelly]]>;
<![CDATA[Yaman, Yaman]]>;
<![CDATA[Radhiah, Radhiah]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamaluddin, Jamaluddin]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp90-100
<![CDATA[The method of transferring the main load to the dummy load is still used in micro hydropower plants. Because the turbine and generator are constantly operating at maximum capacity, the load transfer system, also known as the electronic load control (ELC) system, is ineffective and inefficient. The researcher devised a method for controlling the pressure/flow rate on the branch pipe by using a control valve motorized (CVM). Control valve motorized (CVM) is responsible for the opening and closing of branch pipelines using an electric motor. The goal is to achieve voltage and frequency stability by using CVM to adjust the flow/pressure of water in the branch pipe. The method involves designing and testing the CVM system via a Pelton turbine module connected to the generator. The results of testing the Pelton turbine module with a pressure of 4 kg/cm2 on a 34-inch pipe show that the turbine rotates at 800 rpm. Brushless direct current (BLDC) generator with 12 poles and a Pelton turbine. The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller control parameters are calculated by the control system using the Nichols-Ziggler method, with tuning results of PB 130%, Ti 2.8 seconds, and Td 0.7 seconds. A frequency of 50 Hz and a voltage of 61 volts is produced by controlling the set point (SP) at 55% of the process variable (PV) and the manipulated variable (MV) to CVM at 38%, respectively. The conditions are implemented by varying the load on the system by connecting and disconnecting the load; the system remains stable for 5 seconds.]]>
<![CDATA[Multi-objective hunter prey optimizer technique for distributed generation placement ]]>
<![CDATA[Duraisamy, Kesavan]]>;
<![CDATA[Ponnuru, Sudhakiran]]>;
<![CDATA[Deglus, Jovin]]>;
<![CDATA[Arulprakasam, Sakthidasan]]>;
<![CDATA[Palanisamy, Rajakumar]]>;
<![CDATA[Peter, Raja Soosaimarian]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp146-154
<![CDATA[Accommodation of distributed generation (DG) units in the distribution power network (DPN) reduces the power losses (PL), improves the voltage profile (VP), and enhances the stability. The size and site for distribution generations have to be optimized to avail favorable results. Otherwise, the DPN may experience greater power losses, higher voltage deviation, and voltage instability issues. This article implements an optimization technique using a hunter-prey optimizer (HPO) algorithm to optimize single and multiple (two) DG units in the radial DPN to minimize total real power losses (RPL) and total voltage deviation (TVD). The effectiveness of the HPO algorithm is assessed on the IEEE benchmark 69-bus radial DPN and a real-world Cairo-59 bus RDS. The simulation outcome after the optimized inclusion of DGs shown significant RPL reduction and considerable voltage enhancement. Furthermore, the optimized results of HPO algorithm were compared to the different algorithms and the comparison proved that the HPO can provide a more promising and authentic outcome than other algorithms.]]>
<![CDATA[A novel fast MPPT strategy with high efficiency for fast changing irradiance in PV systems ]]>
<![CDATA[Anjappa, Pujari]]>;
<![CDATA[Gowd, K. Jithendra]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 14, No 1: March 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v14.i1.pp163-172
<![CDATA[This paper discusses about the photovoltaic (PV) system novel non-iterative maximum power point tracking algorithm with faster converging speed under varying solar irradiation level. PV system is a scattered renewable energy resource and a safe environmental energy source. However, the PV power oscillates around MPP value due to the fluctuations of temperature and insolation effects, leading to nonlinear maximum power tracking issues. For each change in atmospheric condition, output of the PV system changes necessitating the need to search for new maximum power conditions. An efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) device that improves the power transmitting efficiency along with a suitable high frequency direct current (DC) to DC power converter device are required for efficient operation. Finally, a comparison is made between existing MPPT algorithms and proposed novel non-iterative MPPT algorithm. The proposed MPPT system show that the overall tracking speed of the proposed MPPT is 5.6 times, 3.8 times faster than perturb and observe (P&O) method and INC method respectively. During the variation of irradiance, the power loss is reduced by 18.84% and 11.29% in comparison with P&O and INC method. The proposed method also minimizes the steady state oscillations.]]>
