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International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
ISSN : 22528792     EISSN : 27222624     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) focuses on the applied works in the areas of power generation, transmission and distribution, sustainable energy, applications of power control in large power systems, etc. The main objective of IJAPE is to bring out the latest practices in research in the above mentioned areas for efficient and cost effective operations of power systems. The journal covers, but not limited to, the following scope: electric power generation, transmission and distribution, energy conversion, electrical machinery, sustainable energy, insulation, solar energy, high-power semiconductors, power quality, power economic, FACTS, renewable energy, electromagnetic compatibility, electrical engineering materials, high voltage insulation technologies, high voltage apparatuses, lightning, protection system, power system analysis, SCADA, and electrical measurements.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 658 Documents
Improved microgrid energy coordination via hybrid PSO and bidirectional EV integration: performance comparison against genetic algorithm Bilal Amghar; Toufik Azib; Khelil Sidi Brahim
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1475-1483

Abstract

This paper presents a comparative study between hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) for energy management in residential microgrids equipped with photovoltaic generation, stationary battery storage, and bidirectional electric vehicles (V2G). The system comprises 40 apartments, 1000 m² solar panels, 1 MWh battery storage, and 15 electric vehicles with V2G capability. A multi-objective optimization framework minimizes daily operational costs while satisfying mobility requirements, state-of-charge constraints, and battery aging considerations. Simulation results demonstrate that hybrid PSO significantly outperforms GA, achieving a net daily profit of 279 C (compared to 100 C cost for GA) through strategic energy arbitrage and massive grid sales (2232 kWh/day vs 3.7 kWh/day for GA). The PSO-based approach achieves 28% energy autonomy while generating substantial revenue from feed-in tariffs. The methodology provides a scalable framework for real-world V2G-integrated microgrids, with ongoing experimental validation at the ESTACA V2G testbed.
Mitigation of grid harmonics using active filters with adaptive energy valley optimization (AEVO) control techniques Nagaraja Bodravara; Ezhilarasan Ganesan
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp965-974

Abstract

Many nonlinear devices are linked to the power grid as the fast development of the power electronics sector causes serious harmonic pollution of the grid voltage. Active power filter (APF), which can detect the harmonics at the installation location, is the tool used for the harmonic voltage treatment. While considering the surplus of APF active devices to guarantee effective and stable operation of APF, the harmonic sources at each node will change with time and need the injection of fresh harmonic compensation commands. This work intends to offer a dynamic adjustment approach of distributed harmonic compensation based on the computation model of active device margin of APF. First, for certain harmonic combinations, the APF active device loss and injection temperature model is developed to compute in real time whether the harmonic injection command satisfies the active device margin. Furthermore, the adaptive energy valley optimization method is applied to derive new harmonic injection commands for the power grid with harmonic source changes, which on one hand lowers the total voltage harmonic distortion rate of the power grid, and on the other hand satisfies the active device margin to guarantee stable operation of APF.
Fuzzy logic based intelligent control of active front end converter for five phase voltage source inverter fed induction motor drive C. Kalaivani; D. Raja; S. Sivasakthi; R. Gnanaselvam
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1132-1146

Abstract

This paper deals with an active front-end converter (AFEC) for a 5-ϕ inverter-fed induction motor (IM) drive. Multi-phase IM drive stands as an evolving domain of electrical drive usages. Supply from the grid is prone to be unbalanced and affects the input power quality of adjustable multi-phase IM drives. This work proposes a fuzzy logic control strategy with the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) switching scheme for the AFEC outer voltage control along with inner current control loops for attenuating the disturbances due to voltage unbalance conditions. This method of control can keep the power factor nearby unity on the AC side with sinusoidal AC current and constant DC voltage at the DC link capacitor. A 5-ϕ inverter designed with SVPWM for IM drive enables operation of the drive with reduced percentage total harmonic distortion (THD) in the voltage of output side. This SVPWM control for a 5-ϕ voltage source inverter (VSI) uses entire voltage of the DC bus and the output responses are more efficient having a minimal lower order THD. The dynamic performances of a 5-ϕ VSI fed IM drive are investigated. The simulation results show the system has an improved power factor at the front-end, constant DC voltage across the capacitor, low THD at the input current, and a superior output performance for the 5 phase IM based drive.
Advanced wireless electric vehicle charging system with cascaded fuzzy control and multi-stage rectification Naveena Sandhadi; Srinu Naik Ramavathu
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1253-1263

Abstract

The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has intensified the need for high-efficiency, reliable, and user-friendly wireless charging systems. Conventional wired chargers and existing wireless solutions often suffer from high losses, poor power quality, and limited control accuracy under dynamic operating conditions. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an advanced wireless charging architecture integrating a three-phase Vienna rectifier, high-frequency inverter, and isolation transformer. A three-phase frequency inverter and a three-stage synchronous rectifier further enhance conversion efficiency. Precise voltage and current regulation is achieved using a cascaded fuzzy controller (CFC) combined with a proportional-integral (PI) controller. MATLAB simulations demonstrate unity power factor, improved efficiency, and stable performance under varying load conditions. The results confirm that the proposed architecture offers a scalable, robust, and energy-efficient solution capable of advancing EV charging infrastructure and supporting sustainable transportation.
Analysis a mixtures of bentonite, palm kernel shell charcoal and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) for reducing grounding resistance using rod-type electrodes at varying soil depths Ferry Rahmat Astianta Bukit; Naemah Mubarakah; Adrian Sinaga
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1386-1398

Abstract

A grounding system is an essential electrical safety mechanism designed to protect humans and equipment from disturbances such as lightning-induced surge currents or short circuits. It operates by channeling excess current into the ground through grounding electrodes, thereby reducing the risk of damage and hazards. High grounding resistance can compromise the dissipation of fault currents and overvoltages, leading to safety risks. This study focuses on reducing grounding resistance through chemical soil treatment using bentonite combined with a mixture of magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) and palm shell charcoal. The optimal composition consists of 10% bentonite, 10% native soil, and 80% of the material mixture. Experiments were conducted at electrode depths of 30 cm, 60 cm, 90 cm, and 110 cm. Results showed that the initial resistance of 312.5 Ω at 30 cm depth decreased to 86.1 Ω, and at 110 cm depth, resistance decreased from 186.5 Ω to 53.0 Ω. The average reduction reached 77.4%, indicating that this material combination is highly effective in lowering grounding resistance and improving system performance.
Design and build charging system tools in hybrid power plants with pico-hydro turbine cross flow and solar panels using buck boost converter based on PID controller Yulianta Siregar; Christian Kevin Imanuel Simarmata; Issarachai Ngamroo
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1314-1326

Abstract

Indonesia itself has a potential for water energy of up to 75,091 MW, spread across the country, but its utilization has only reached around 7.2%. In addition, Indonesia's location in the equatorial region provides it with an average of 8-10 hours of solar radiation per day, with a potential solar energy output of 4.80 kWh/m2/day. However, utilizing two or more new and renewable energy sources poses challenges for synchronising sources from different plants. For this reason, the methodology of this research is to design a charging system for a hybrid power plant, a wind turbine, an air crossflow, and a 50 Wp solar panel on a battery using a non-inverting buck-boost converter, with Arduino Mega2560 as the control logic centre. The PID control parameters were determined through trial and error, with Kp = 0.8, Ki = 0.04, and Kd = 0.002. The voltage is set to 14.4 V, and the hybrid system maintains a stable voltage at 14.263 V with an average error of 1.243%. The system can charge the battery optimally. It is recorded that it takes 3 hours to charge the battery.
Intelligent and thermally-conscious on-board EV charging using hybrid genetic optimization and neural-adaptive control process Diksha Khare; Nitin Dhote; Swapna Choudhary
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1094-1104

Abstract

The increasing usage of electric vehicles (EVs) has amplified the demand for smart, thermally efficient, and battery-aware onboard charging systems. Conventional charging techniques often do not take into consideration balancing their delivery of energy with thermal stress and battery degradation, which lowers the operational efficiency and useful life of the battery. Current methods primarily focus on an isolated aspect, be it power optimization or thermal optimization; there is no combination of the two to arrive at any adaptive, real-time control based on battery metrics such as health. An integral optimization-control framework is proposed in this work that encapsulates algorithm-driven intelligence and neural adaptation into a single construct for on-board charge EVs. This paper proposes an intelligent and thermally conscious on-board EV charging framework that integrates efficiency-centric optimization using a genetic algorithm (ECO-GA), neural network-based adaptive charging control (NNACC), and metabolic inspired three-stage charging control (MET-C3). The initial phase, known as "ECO-GA" or "efficiency-centric optimization via genetic algorithm", clears a multi-variable fitness function based on charging voltage, current, battery temperature, and cycle life after generating control parameters. Together, this collection greatly improves efficiency in charging, reduces adverse effects caused by heating and lengthens cycles in which batteries are used, paving a strong path towards the charging infrastructure of EVs.
To enhance efficiency in photovoltaic systems using optimization methods in battery management system Penumala Poornima; Kannan Boopathy
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp985-994

Abstract

Battery management systems (BMS) have undergone significant advancements over the years, transitioning from basic control strategies to sophisticated optimization algorithms. Historically, established BMS approaches were limited in their ability to handle energy efficiently, often leading to suboptimal power utilization and higher total harmonic distortion (THD). Integration of in a BMS application in modern days. advanced algorithms, such as flying squirrel search optimization (FSSO), have been optimized using grey wolf optimizer (GWO), and artificial neural network (ANN) significantly enhanced the performance of the system. These algorithms are efficient in terms of optimizing the duty cycle, whereby there is even a healthy energy flow between renewable load requirements and power requirements. These algorithms are analyzed, and their effectiveness in comparing their effectiveness is different operational scenarios. GWO algorithm is indicated as having the best reduction of THD and consequently improving the quality of power in a minimized way reliability. The ANN shows great expertise in voltage. regulating, low level of THD. Meanwhile, the FSSO algorithm shows significant potential in improving energy efficiency and reducing operational costs, despite its higher THD levels in current phases. GWO has a minimal current THD of 4.65% in Phase 1, exceeding ANN and FSSO. ANN has a voltage THD of 10.61%. FSSO has greater current THD values over 15% and good voltage control, highlighting decisions.
Banana leaf wax performance as a coating material to reduce fouling and heat for photovoltaic improvement Andi Pawawoi; Refdinal Nazir; Muhammad Imran Hamid; Fajril Akbar
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1212-1222

Abstract

The growing dependence on limited fossil fuels and their environmental impact drive the adoption of renewable energy, with photovoltaics (PV) being a leading option. However, PV performance often declines due to elevated operating temperatures and surface fouling, especially in tropical climates, leading to reduced efficiency. To address this, coating materials with dual functionalities of cooling and self-cleaning are needed. This study investigates banana leaf wax as a natural coating to enhance PV performance. The wax was extracted using n-hexane, applied via spray-coating, and characterized through light transmittance tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, water contact angle (WCA), adhesion analysis, and field trials on PV modules. The wax demonstrated an average WCA of 127°, with a microcrystalline structure supporting hydrophobic and self-cleaning properties. Field implementation showed that a 9 μm wax layer reduced PV module temperature by approximately 5 °C and increased output power by 15-20% under high irradiance (G ≈1200 W/m²). The cooling effect proved more significant than transmission losses, confirming the potential of banana leaf wax as an effective tropical PV coating. Nevertheless, further studies are required to optimize thickness, strengthen adhesion through hybrid formulations, and integrate the material into advanced optoelectronic coatings for sustainable efficiency improvements.
Electric vehicle charging stations location optimization in distribution systems using meerkat optimization algorithm Madhubabu Thiruveedula; Sandeep Dharavath; Jarpula Ganesh Naik; Royyala Vishnu Dev; Gogikar Yogendhar; Agulla Rahul
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1366-1374

Abstract

The meerkat optimization algorithm (MOA) is used in this study to suggest an effective multi-objective optimization framework for the best location and dimensions of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) in radial distribution systems (RDS). The performance of the system in terms of power loss and voltage stability is significantly affected the growing prevalence of EV loads. To reduce the real power losses and average voltage deviation index (AVDI) while improving the voltage stability index (VSI), a multi-objective function was developed. The IEEE 69-bus system is subjected to various loading conditions using the recommended MOA, which is distinguished by its balanced exploration-exploitation process and parameter-free structure. In comparison with the basic and current methodologies, simulation findings show that the recommended approach improves the voltage profile, decreases power losses, and enhances the VSI. The advantages of the MOA in terms of convergence time, solution quality, and resilience were confirmed by a comparison with the HBA, TLBO, ALO, and FPA. The results confirm that the suggested approach is effective for modern EV-integrated distribution networks.