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International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences

IJAAS
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Published by Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

ISSN : 22528814 EISSN : 27222594 DOI : http://doi.org/10.11591/ijaas

Core Subject : Science, Education, Social,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics

International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal dedicated to publish significant research findings in the field of applied and theoretical sciences. The journal is designed to serve researchers, developers, professionals, graduate students and others interested in state-of-the art research activities in applied science areas, which cover topics including: chemistry, physics, materials, nanoscience and nanotechnology, mathematics, statistics, geology and earth sciences.

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Articles 680 Documents

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Single phase seven level Z-source cascaded H-bridge inverter for photovoltaic systems K. M. Venkatachalam; V. Saravanan; M. A. K. Borelessa; K. T. M.U. Hemapala
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 1: March 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The multilevel inverter (MLI) is identified as a viable power electronic unit for distributed energy conversion applications. In this paper discusses the performance of a single phase seven level Z (impedance) source cascaded H-bridge inverter topology suited for solar photovoltaic systems. A modified sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique is used to control the switches of the H-bridge inverter. The simulation results are obtained in terms of inverter output voltage and harmonic analysis confirms improvement in voltage boost and reduction in harmonic distortion of the suggested inverter topology. The experimental results match the simulation values, as verified through a scaled-down prototype.

A systematic overview of secure image steganography Bakhan Tofiq Ahmed
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Information is a vital thing that needs to be secured and well protected during transmission between two or more parties over the internet. This can be achieved by steganography technology. Steganography is the concealing science in which the information is concealed inside other information in a way that the concealed information cannot be detectable by the human eye. Many ways are available to hide data inside a cover media for example text, image, and audio steganography, but image steganography is the most utilized technique among the others. Secure image steganography has a high-security level than traditional technique by combining steganography with cryptography due to encrypting secret information by cryptography algorithm before embedding it into the cover media by steganography algorithm. In this paper, a systematic review has been presented about secure image steganography and its renowned types. Many researchers proposed secure image steganography by using various cryptography and steganography algorithms which have been reviewed. The least significant bit ‘LSB’ was the renowned steganography algorithm which has been used by researchers due to its simplicity, while various cryptography algorithms like advanced encryption standard (AES) and blowfish have been used to propose secure image steganography in the reviewed papers. The comparison among the reviewed papers indicated that the LSB with hash-RSA gave a greater peak signal-noise ratio ‘PSNR’ value than the others which was 74.0189 dB.

Simulation and manufacturing of modified circular monopole microstrip antenna for UWB applications Bilal S. Taha; Hamzah M. Marhoon
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 1: March 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is one of the most promising wireless communication solutions to be developed quickly because of the high-speed data, wide bandwidth and excellent immunity to multipath interference. In this work, the compact design of a modified circular monopole microstrip antenna is simulated and manufactured for the UWB applications. The simulation process of the proposed antenna was done based on the finite integration of the computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio (MWS). The proposed antenna comprises a copper radiating patch, Roger’s Kappa-438 substrate, and a single stub act as a reflector. The simulation results showed a reasonable agreement with the results of the measurement and good performance was achieved in the range from 1.8 to 10 GHz with VSWR less than 2.0.

Techno-economic environmental assessment of hybrid renewable energy system in India K. M. Venkatachalam; V. Saravanan
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 4: December 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The co-ordination of non-conventional energy technologies such as solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and ocean are gaining significance in India due to more energy requirements and high greenhouse gas emission. In this assessment, the sustainability of emerging the gird isolated hybrid solar photovoltaic (PV)/wind turbine (WT)/diesel generator (DG)/battery system for Arunai Engineering College, India building is evaluated. The techno-economic and environmental research was inspected by HOMER Pro software by choosing the optimal combination depends on size of the components, renewable fraction, net present cost (NPC), cost of energy (COE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of the hybrid system. From the acquired outcomes and sensitivity investigation, the optimal PV-WT-DG-battery combination has a NPC of $28.944.800 and COE $0.1266/kWh, with an operating cost of $256.761/year. The grid isolated hybrid system is environmentally pleasant with a greenhouse gas emission of 2.692 kg/year with renewable fraction of 99.9%.

Dashboard for analyzing SCADA data log: a case study of urban railway in Malaysia Nazwa Hidayah Mohamad; Hairulazwan Hashim; Nor Aziati Abdul Hamid; Mohd Ismarul Azhar Ismail
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 3: September 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The operation of maintenance in the railway industry is a high priority for safety which reflects the train services. The Kelana Jaya Line (KJL) is the leading urban metro train operator among light rail transit (LRT) categories in Malaysia. The main issue in KJL, they are facing huge historical data from the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) logger when organizing the corrective maintenance work schedule. The previous conventional method leads to time constraint which causes redundancy of data reading. Hence, the SCADA dashboard was developed as a tool to structure their work prioritization for weekly planning. It was developed by using Microsoft Power Query and Power Pivot, in the advanced Excel software. The dashboard evaluation was performed based on usability and user experience studies. The evaluation test proves that the dashboard can be used effectively and it’s beneficial to the organizations as well as a contribute towards systematic maintenance.

Non-linear creep of polypropylene utilizing multiple integral Mahmoud Fadhel Idan
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 4: December 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Multiple integral representation (MIR) has been used to represent studying the effect of temperature on the amount of nonlinear creep on the semi-crystalline polypropylene (PP) under the influence of axial elastic stress. To complete this research, the kernel functions were selected, for the purpose of performing an analogy, and for arranging the conditions for the occurrence of the first, second and third expansion in a temperature range between 20 °C-60 °C, i.e., between the glass transition and softening temperatures, within the framework of the energy law. It was observed that the independent strain time increased non-linearly with increasing stress and non-linearly decreased with increase in temperature, although the time parameter increased non-linearly with stress and temperature directly. In general, a very satisfactory agreement between theoretical and practical results on the MIR material was observed.

Application of PSO for optimal coordination of directional over-current relays in distribution system with distributed renewable energy sources Lazhar Bougouffa; Abdelaziz Chaghi
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

The use of distributed renewable energy sources (D-RES) in the electrical network has expanded greatly. However, integration of these resources into distribution systems caused more problems in protection related issues such as mis-coordination and changes the direction and value of fault currents. When connecting new D-RES to electrical power distribution networks, it is required to re-coordinate directional over-current relays (DOCR) to ensure the continuity of the power transmission when the short circuits take place. This work presented a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to determine two independent variables called pickup current (Ip) and time dial setting (TDS) for optimal setting of relays. From analysis result, the impacts of RES location in the distribution system on DOCRs had been observed on the optimal relays settings.

A numerical algorithm to find a root of non-linearequations using householder’s method Srinivasarao Thota
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

In this paper, we propose a three step algorithm using Householder’s method for find-ing an approximate root of the given non-linear equations in one variable. Severalnumerical examples are presented to illustrate and validation of the proposed method.Implementation of the proposed algorithm in Maple is also discussed with samplecomputations.

Arduino-based night return mechanism for passive solar trackers Willy Stephen Tounsi Fokui; Destine Mashava
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 4: December 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Solar trackers are support platforms that keep photovoltaic panels facing the sun by following the sun from dusk to dawn. There exist active solar trackers that make use of motors and gears to orientate the photovoltaic panels towards the sun; and passive solar trackers that operate through the differential heating of the fluid in the tracking rack to follow the sun. Passive solar trackers suffer from the lack of a night return mechanism and a slow wake-up response in the mornings due to the limitations on the surface inclination angle of the rack. This paper seeks to address these issues by proposing an Arduino-based night return mechanism for passive solar trackers. An energy-saving heating element such as the ultra heating fabric manufactured by WireKinetics Co. is installed on the west-side canister of the tracker. Before dawn, the fabric is automatically heated and this will force the refrigerant in the west-side canister to vaporize and cool in the east-side canister, forcing the tracker to return and face eastward before sunrise. The night return mechanism is designed and simulated using proteus profesional. Simulation results show that this system can significantly optimize the function of passive solar trackers.

iPark: automated smart parking system Rahman Atiqur
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Vol 10, No 2: June 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Parking problems became ubiquitous and are growing at an alarming rate in every major city. It causes parking problems which cause traffic jams, driver frustration, and pollution. Time we visit different public places for example shopping centers, multiplex movies hall and lodging houses during carnivals or holidays, it makes the added parking difficult. Checking out a parking lot results in 40% to 50% of traffic jams. Due to this, car parking, in turn, causes the traffic issue. There are some problems associated with car parking like the way to control the amount of cars within the parking zone, monitoring the movement of the car in/outside of the parking zone, checking whether there's an area inside for more cars or not, and therefore the safety to park. This paper proposes an answer to these problems using the concept of the web of Things. iPark is a fully automated system that senses the entry and exit of a car, displays the entire number of cars parked within the parking zone on screen, and the way many free spaces are available within the parking lot.

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