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Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26850389     DOI : 10.30829/contagion
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health, A Scientific Periodic Journal of Public Health published by the Public health Study Program of The Faculty of Public Health UINSU Medan. This Journal prioritiez the collaboration of lecturers and students with scope of the discussion is about Public Health, Health and Islam, and Coastal Health. This Journal is published twice, published on June and December.
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Articles 518 Documents
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Analysis of Factors Influencing Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices in Kramat Gajah Village, Deli Serdang Siregar, Emi Inayah Sari; Tinah, Tinah; Angkat, Abdul Hairuddin
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 3 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i3.24083

Abstract

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is the optimal method of feeding infants from birth to six months without providing any additional food or drink. Exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by maternal age, knowledge, education level, andemployment status, household income, and support from healthcare workers. This study aims to analyze the association among maternal age, knowledge, education, employment status, household income, and healthcare worker support with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. A quantitative, descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach was implemented in Kramat Gajah Village. The study population consists of breastfeeding mothers with infants aged 0-6 months, selected through total sampling. Independent variables are maternal age, education level, household income, employment status, maternal knowledge, and healthcare worker support, while the dependent variable is exclusive breastfeeding. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire, and statistical analysis was carried out using the Chi-square test. A total of 65 breastfeeding mothers participated in the study. The majority of respondents exclusively breastfed their infants (75.4%), were aged 20-35 years (78.46%), had an education level of junior or senior high school (84.62%), had a household income greater than or equal to the regional minimum wage (≥ IDR 3,255,572; 53.84%), were unemployed (83.1%), and received support from healthcare workers (84.6%). The Chi-square test results revealed significant associations between exclusive breastfeeding practices and maternal knowledge (p=0.003), education (p=0.049), and employment status (p=0.011). In contrast, no significant associations were found between exclusive breastfeeding and maternal age (p=0.118), household income (p=0.424), or healthcare worker support (p=0.220). Therefore, maternal knowledge, education level, and employment status significantly influence exclusive breastfeeding practices in Kramat Gajah Village, whereas maternal age, household income, and healthcare worker support do not show significant associations Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Determinants, Maternal Knowledge, Maternal Education, Breastfeeding Practices
Predictive Models and Tools for Early Detection of Stunting in Children: A Systematic Review Nurannisa, Nurannisa; Huriah, Titih
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 3 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i3.25901

Abstract

Child stunting remains a critical public health challenge globally, with early detection essential for preventing irreversible developmental consequences. This review uniquely synthesizes predictive and measurement tools for early stunting detection across multiple low- and middle-income countries, addressing the gap in systematic evaluation of their diagnostic performance. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, ProQuest, Emerald, and Springer databases for studies published between 2019-2024. We used the SPIDER method to define this study's inclusion, and eligible studies included those developing or validating predictive models and diagnostic tools for stunting detection in children aged 0-19 years. The articles included in this assessment use different methodologies conduct a critical appraisal to determine the quality of the articles using the instrument tool from Joana Briggs Institute (JBI). Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria, identifying four primary tool categories clinical scoring systems, omposite anthropometric indices, diagnostic charts and machine learning models. The MEIRU chart demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 97.6%, specificity 96.3%, kappa 0.93) compared to traditional WHO methods. Clinical scores exhibited moderate performance with sensitivity ranging from 61.9% to 90.0%. Common predictors across models included maternal education, birth weight, child age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Predictive models and measurement tools are valuable for the early detection of stunting, enabling timely and targeted interventions to reduce its long-term impact on child health and development. Keywords: Anthropometry, Diagnostic accuracy, Early detection, Prediction models, Risk factors
Exploring Religious Moderation Practices Among Mosque Imams in Dairi Regency Through Local Wisdom and Health Mentality Ponidi Ponidi; Fitri Hayati; Putri Safira; Prima Yanti Siregar; Apriliani Apriliani; Muhammad Rezebri
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 6, No 2 (2024): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v6i2.26793

Abstract

Introduction: In pluralistic societies like Indonesia, religious moderation is a critical public health and social cohesion imperative. Mosques and their imams serve as pivotal institutions and leaders in shaping community attitudes. This study explores how mosque imams in the Muslim-minority regions of Dairy and West Pakpak, North Sumatra, leverage local wisdom to foster religious moderation and social harmony.Objective: This research aims to analyze the practices and impact of mosque imams in promoting religious moderation by integrating Islamic teachings with indigenous local values, specifically the Sikata One (unity and solidarity) and Marga Silima (balance and harmony) principles of the Pakpak community.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Dairy and West Pakpak Regencies. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with mosque imams and administrators (n=40) and supplemented by content analysis of relevant documents, including local manuscripts and literature on religious moderation. A thematic analysis was employed to identify key patterns in the imams' strategies for integrating local wisdom with religious teachings.Results: The findings reveal a high prevalence of moderate attitudes among community members influenced by the imams. Key results include: 70% acceptance of friends from different religions; 75% rejection of coercing others to conform to one's religious will; and 90% comfort in sitting next to individuals of different faiths at events. Thematic analysis identified that imams actively incorporate the principles of Sikata One and Marga Silima into sermons and community guidance, framing religious coexistence as an extension of traditional cultural values.Conclusion: Mosque imams play an instrumental role as agents of religious moderation by effectively syncretizing Islamic doctrine with deeply held local wisdom. This culturally-grounded approach, championed by religious leaders, is a significant factor in the sustained interfaith harmony observed in these regions. The study underscores the importance of leveraging cultural assets and religious leadership in public health and policy initiatives aimed at building resilient, tolerant, and cohesive societies. Keywords: Religious Moderation, Mosque Imams, Local Wisdom, Social Cohesion.
The Association Between the Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Committee's Performance and Compliance With the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Sembiring Hospital Meliala, Alprindo Sembiring; Efrata, Efrata; Sitorus, Friska Ernita; Hariati, Hariati; Girsang, Rostiodertina; Zuliawati, Zuliawati; Siahaan, Jekson Martiar
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 3 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i3.25519

Abstract

Hospitals play a critical role in preventing nosocomial infections, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a key strategy for protecting healthcare workers and preventing pathogen transmission. This cross-sectional quantitative study aimed to assess the influence of the Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Committee's performance on PPE compliance at Sembiring Hospital. A total of 57 healthcare workers participated and were surveyed using structured questionnaires. Data were analysed using univariate, bivariate (Chi-square) and multivariate (logistic regression) methods. All IPC performance indicators, surveillance, supervision, policy and procedure development, training, education effectiveness, participation and collaboration, and PPE availability, were significantly associated with PPE compliance. Multivariate analysis showed that education effectiveness had a significant effect on compliance (p = 0.002; Exp(B) = 16.655; 95% CI: 2.707?90.543). These findings suggest that strengthening the IPC Committee's role in delivering effective education is essential to improve PPE compliance among healthcare workers. For policy and practice, hospitals should prioritise continuous IPC training programmes and institutionalise periodic competency assessments to enhance adherence to PPE protocols and safeguard both staff and patients Keywords: IPC Committee, PPE Compliance, Infection Prevention, Hospital Policy
Patterns and Appropriateness of Antihypertensive Use in Preeclampsia: A Retrospective Study at a Jakarta Tertiary Hospital (2022-2024) Gultom, Abitmer; Silaban, Hertina; Paser, Yohanes Baptistuta
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 3 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i3.25682

Abstract

Preeclampsia (PE) complicates approximately 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide and remains a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, contributing to more than 50,000 maternal deaths and nearly 500,000 neonatal deaths annually. Appropriate antihypertensive therapy is essential to prevent disease progression and adverse outcomes. This non-experimental, cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted at the Indonesian Christian University Hospital from August to December 2024. All medical records of patients with preeclampsia during the study period were included using total sampling (N = 52). Variables included patient characteristics, type of antihypertensive therapy, and appropriateness of drug use. Appropriateness was evaluated using the 4Ts criteria (appropriate indication, appropriate drug, appropriate dose, and appropriate patient) based on the POGI 2016 guideline. Data were analyzed as proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and associations between preeclampsia severity and antihypertensive patterns were explored descriptively. Most patients were aged >35 years (50%), in the third trimester of pregnancy (94.2%), and diagnosed with mild preeclampsia (80.8%). In mild preeclampsia, nifedipine monotherapy was the most frequently prescribed antihypertensive (92.9%; 95% CI: approximately 80-99%). In severe preeclampsia, nifedipine monotherapy was used in 50% of cases (95% CI: approximately 19-81%), whereas nifedipine-methyldopa combination therapy accounted for 40% (95% CI: approximately 13-74%). Evaluation of antihypertensive use showed 100% appropriateness for indication, drug selection, dose, and patient suitability, indicating entirely rational use in accordance with guidelines. Antihypertensive prescribing patterns for preeclampsia in this hospital largely adhered to clinical guidelines, with nifedipine as the mainstay therapy for both mild and severe cases. These findings support the effectiveness of guideline-based pharmacotherapy for the management of preeclampsia and highlight the need for further multicenter studies to evaluate clinical outcomes and long-term maternal-fetal safety.. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Antihypertensive Agents, Nifedipine, Drug Utilization, Pregnancy, Guideline Adherence.
Strengthening the Integration of Nationalist Jihad and Ecotheology Values in Religious Moderation and Ecotheology Literacy for Santri (Islamic Boarding School Students) Nahar, Syamsu; Wati, AI; Syam, Abdi Mubarak; Adinda, Faiza; Panjaitan, Nur Aisyah; Nabila, Zahrani; Safira, Putri; Siregar, Putra Apriadi; Rezebri, Muhammad; Rahayu, Sri
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.27566

Abstract

This community service program aimed to strengthen the literacy of santri (Islamic boarding school students) in religious moderation by integrating the core values of contextual jihad, inclusive nationalism, and ecotheology. The urgent need to fortify the younger generation's resilience against religious extremism, radicalism, and environmental apathy drove the initiative. The program employed a participatory action research method in Langsa City, focusing on the formation and training of cadres who acted as peer educators. A single-group pretest and posttest design involving 30 santri was used to measure changes in ecotheological practices and attitudes towards religious moderation and nationalism. The results demonstrated a highly significant increase in the santri's ecotheological practices (p < 0.001), evidenced by improved habits in water conservation, waste management, and use of reusable items. Furthermore, a significant strengthening was observed in their commitment to religious moderation and nationalism (p = 0.006), including stronger support for the rights of minorities, the Indonesian constitution (UUD 1945), and Pancasila. The study concludes that the peer-educator-based mentoring model is an effective strategy for simultaneously internalizing the integrative values of constructive jihad, nationalism, and environmental stewardship. This integrative approach offers a sustainable model for developing a generation that is religious, patriotic, and ecologically conscious, which can be replicated in other Islamic educational institutions. Keywords: Religious Moderation, Ecotheology, Jihad, Nationalism, Santri, Peer Educator.
Milk Production in Dairy Buffalo and the Development of “Dali Ni Horbo” as a Nutrient-Rich Local Food for the Batak Toba Community Syafran Arrazy; Khairunnisa Khairunnisa; Putra Apriadi Siregar; Diva Nada Rizki Nuzlan; Rani Suraya
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 6, No 2 (2024): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v6i2.26794

Abstract

Dali Ni Horbo, a traditional buffalo milk-based product from the Batak Toba community in North Sumatra, represents a culturally significant and nutritionally rich food. Despite its heritage value, its traditional form limits its appeal and market potential. This study aims to develop dali ni horbo into stick snacks, offering a modern variation that retains its cultural essence and health benefits while enhancing marketability. Conducted in Toba Regency from July to November 2024, this research involved 20 micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) engaged in culinary entrepreneurship. A mixed-method approach was utilized, encompassing interviews to gather perceptions of dali ni horbo organoleptic properties and innovation potential, alongside sensory evaluation to assess attributes including color, texture, and taste. The results indicate high acceptance of the new product, with texture (mean score: 4.15) and taste (3.95) identified as strengths. However, improvements are necessary in aroma freshness and saltiness to align with broader consumer preferences. The study highlights Dali Ni Horbo's potential as a nutritious snack, leveraging its high protein and calcium content to address nutritional deficiencies. Moreover, this innovation supports local economic empowerment by creating opportunities for MSMEs and fostering sustainable practices in buffalo milk processing. In conclusion, transforming dali ni horbo into stick snacks bridges traditional culinary heritage and modern innovation, offering economic, cultural, and nutritional benefits. Recommendations include optimizing flavor profiles, diversifying products, and enhancing market access through strategic partnerships with government and private sectors to scale production and expand distribution. Keywords: Buffalo Milk, Cultural Innovation, Dali Ni Horbo, Sensory Evaluation.
Utilization of the National Health Insurance Healthy Indonesia Card (JKN KIS) in Negeri Liang, Central Maluku Regency Marthin Salakory, Hans Sammy; Makayaino, Hafis; Sely, Mohammad Dahlan; Matuulessy, Febby Sonya; Latucinsina, Luthfy
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 3 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i3.26125

Abstract

The National Health Insurance Healthy Indonesia Card (JKN KIS) is Indonesia?s primary system for achieving Universal Health Coverage. Although many people nationwide are enrolled, use remains limited in rural areas such as Negeri Liang in Central Maluku. This study explores factors affecting JKN KIS utilization by assessing residents? knowledge, access to information, attitudes, and social influences within rural communities. A cross-sectional survey of 189 residents from Liang Village used a structured questionnaire focusing on four latent constructs. Data analysis employed Partial Least Squares?Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS, with 5,000 bootstrapped resamples (two-tailed) to evaluate reliability, validity, and predictive relevance through loadings, AVE, CR, HTMT, R?, f?, and 95% confidence intervals. Results show that knowledge (&#946; = 0.308, 95% CI: 0.182?0.442; f?= 0.147), access to information (&#946;= 0.251, 95% CI: 0.118?0.389; f?= 0.104), and attitude (&#946;= 0.357, 95% CI: 0.217?0.497; f?= 0.187) significantly and positively influence JKN KIS use, with attitude being the most impactful factor. Social influences, however, were not significant (&#946;= 0.051, p= 0.388; f?= 0.004), indicating a limited direct effect. The structural model exhibits moderate explanatory power (R?= 0.482). In conclusion, participation in JKN KIS in rural areas is mainly driven by internal cognitive and emotional factors, rather than social influences. To boost engagement, strategies should focus on enhancing public knowledge, improving access to trustworthy information, and fostering positive attitudes. Policy recommendation: primary healthcare centers should prioritize attitude-oriented education and counseling, emphasizing financial protection and service benefits, with the aim of at least a 15% increase in valid JKN KIS claims within one year.?Keywords: Health Insurance Utilization, Knowledge, Information Access, Attitude, Social Factors?
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Performance of Specialist Doctors at RSI PKU Muhammadiyah Pekajangan Saputra, Frans; Sundari, Sri
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 3 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i3.26202

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of work environment, remuneration, and work motivation on the performance of specialist doctors at RSI PKU Muhammadiyah Pekajangan. This study employed a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, beginning with a quantitative correlational study of 32 specialist physicians at PKU Muhammadiyah Islamic Hospital in Pekajangan, followed by a qualitative case study with five purposively selected physicians. Work environment, remuneration, work motivation, and performance were measured using a validated and reliable Likert-scale questionnaire; quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation, while qualitative data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model to deepen the interpretation of the findings. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that the work environment (p = 0.000), remuneration (p = 0.027), and motivation (p = 0.000) significantly influenced the performance of doctors. Qualitative findings revealed that the performance of specialist doctors at RSI PKU Muhammadiyah Pekajangan was influenced by three main factors, namely individual factors (work motivation), organizational factors (remuneration), and work environment factors. Therefore, hospital management is recommended to strengthen a supportive work environment, improve transparency and fairness in the remuneration system, and provide continuous professional development and motivational programs to sustainably enhance specialist physicians' performance. Keywords: Doctor Performance, Work Environment, Remuneration, Work Motivation, Islamic Hospitals
Family Behaviour In The Prevention of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Transmission Among Children Makmur, Tri; Siregar, Fazidah Aguslina
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 3 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i3.27873

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a critical public health priority in Indonesia, with household contacts of patients, particularly children, constituting a high-risk group for infection. The family unit plays a pivotal yet complex role in either mitigating or facilitating transmission within domestic settings. Objective: This study aimed to compare the knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices (KAP) related to TB between families with and without household TB contacts in Medan, Indonesia. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted across eight public health centers in Medan. A total of 100 family respondents (50 with child household TB contacts and 50 without) were recruited. Data on sociodemographics and TB-related KAP were collected via a validated, structured questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-square tests in SPSS 22.0. Results: A stark, inverse distribution was observed. Families with household TB contacts demonstrated significantly poorer knowledge (94.0% poor vs. 6.0% good), less positive attitudes (66.0% good vs. 86.0% good), and markedly inferior preventive practices (12.0% good vs. 93.0% good) compared to families without contacts (p=0.027, p=0.019, and p=0.007, respectively). Conclusions: The study reveals a critical paradox: families at the highest risk of transmission possess the lowest KAP levels for prevention. This indicates a profound failure of current TB contact investigation and education paradigms to effectively penetrate high-risk households. Urgent recalibration of national TB control strategies is needed to implement intensive, household-centered behavioral interventions to break the chain of intra-familial transmission.Keywords: Tuberculosis; Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Household Contacts; Health Education; Indonesia.

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