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Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26850389     DOI : 10.30829/contagion
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health, A Scientific Periodic Journal of Public Health published by the Public health Study Program of The Faculty of Public Health UINSU Medan. This Journal prioritiez the collaboration of lecturers and students with scope of the discussion is about Public Health, Health and Islam, and Coastal Health. This Journal is published twice, published on June and December.
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Articles 465 Documents
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Sarcopenic Obesity in Postmenopausal Women: Associations Between Fat Mass, Muscle Mass, and Lower Limb Strength in an Indonesian Clinical Cohort Wendra Wendra; Teguh Tanuwidjaja; Kishanty Hardaningtyas; Aulia Rahma Fazamuthi
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.24341

Abstract

Sarcopenic obesity is an emerging public health concern, particularly among postmenopausal women. This condition is characterized by increased fat mass and reduced muscle mass, both of which negatively impact quality of life and physical function. This study employed an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 51 obese women aged 45 years and older who received care atthe Nutrition Clinic of Dustira Hospital. Fat and muscle mass were assessed using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), while leg muscle strength was measured with a leg dynamometer. The chi-square test was used to examine associations between variables due to its suitability for categorical data analysis. Results indicated that the majority of participants were aged 45-55 years, with 52.9% classified as having obesity category I. Descriptive analysis revealed that 66.7% of subjects had elevated fat mass, particularly intramyocellular lipid (IMCL); 80.4% exhibited very low muscle mass; and 58.8% demonstrated poor leg muscle strength. Statistical analysis showed significant associations between fat mass and leg muscle strength (p = 0.003), and between muscle mass and leg muscle strength (p < 0.001). Effect sizes measured using Cramer's V indicated a strong strength of association. These findings underscore the importance of resistance training interventions in managing sarcopenic obesity among postmenopausal women. Enhancing muscle mass and reducing fat mass, especially IMCL, may contribute to improved leg muscle strength and overall quality of life. Keyword: Fat Mass, Leg Muscle Strength, Muscle Mass, Sarcopenic Obesity, Postmenopausal Women.
Improvement in Cognitive Function Through Brain Gymnastics For Nursing Home Residents: A Quasi-Experimental Study from Indonesia Siska Evi Martina; Rumondang Gultom; Janno Sinaga; Agustina Hia
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.24189

Abstract

Cognitive function in older adults is influenced by various factors, including age, gender, education, and physical activity, all of which can contribute to cognitive decline. This decline poses a growing challenge, particularly among institutionalized elderly populations. Brain gymnastics, a simple, low-cost, non-pharmacological intervention, has shown potential for improving cognitive function, yet evidence among nursing home residents remains limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of brain gymnastics on cognitive function among older adults residing in nursing homes in North Sumatera. A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving 56 participants aged 60 to 80 years, divided into intervention (n = 28) and control (n = 28) groups through purposive sampling. The intervention group engaged in a four-week brain gymnastics program, while the control group received a self-guided exercise leaflet. The study was conducted from January to March 2025. Cognitive function was assessed using the MoCA-INA at baseline and post-intervention. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests were used for data analysis. At baseline, both groups exhibited moderate cognitive function (62.5% and 67.9%, respectively). Post-intervention, the intervention group showed a significant improvement in mean cognitive scores from 17.64 ± 4.09 to 22.00 ± 4.46 (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.52), whereas the control group demonstrated a smaller increase. An independent t-test revealed a significant difference in post-intervention scores between the intervention (22.00 ± 4.46) and control (17.00 ± 3.23) groups (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 3.89), indicating a strong effect of the intervention. These findings underscore the potential of brain gymnastics as a practical, scalable, and cost-effective strategy to enhance cognitive health. Its integration into routine elderly care may help delay cognitive decline and promote healthier aging, particularly in low-resource settings. Keywords: Brain Gymnastic, Older People, Cognitive Function, Nursing Home
The Influence of Environmental Sanitation and Community Behavior on Dengue Fever Incidence: A Case-Control Study in Siantar Utara District Deli Syaputri; Samuel Marganda
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.25915

Abstract

Dengue remains a persistent urban health challenge in Indonesia. Household-level factors, such as physical barriers and daily behaviours, may influence indoor vector-host contact but are inconsistently addressed in routine control programs. We conducted a community-based case-control study in Siantar Utara (Pematang Siantar, North Sumatra) to assess household attributes associated with dengue occurrence. Cases were physician-confirmed dengue patients; controls were neighbourhood peers without recent dengue-compatible illness. A total of 36 case and 36 control households were enrolled. Prespecified exposures included: window/ventilation screening (≥50% of openings with intact mesh), presence of larvae in water-holding containers (WSC) and non-WSC, indoor hanging clothes (≥5 garments visible), and health-officer support within the preceding 3 months. Data were collected through standardized interviews and on-site observations. Associations were analyzed using χ² and Fisher's exact tests (α = 0.05). Households lacking mesh screening were disproportionately represented among cases, with a statistically significant association between screening and dengue status (p = 0.011). Indoor hanging clothes were more common in case households and significantly associated with dengue incidence (p = 0.016). Health-officer support demonstrated a strong protective effect (p < 0.001). Larval presence in WSC and non-WSC was not statistically significant (p = 0.326 and p = 0.233, respectively These findings support a mechanistic pathway in which intact screening and reduced indoor resting sites lower exposure to day-biting Aedes aegypti. In this urban Indonesian context, window/ventilation screening and clothing-storage practices were associated with dengue occurrence, highlighting modifiable, low-cost targets for the 3M Plus strategy. Programmatic integration should prioritize mesh coverage and integrity checks, counseling to reduce indoor hanging garments, routine container management, and regular cadre visits, with monitoring via ABJ and simple household indicators. Further cluster or stepped-wedge trials are recommended to validate effectiveness and sustainability. Keyword: Dengue, Aedes aegypti, Environmental, Sanitation
Maternal Risk Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight: A Case Control Study in Deli Tua District Nur Mala Sari; Peny Ariani; Putri Ayu Yessy Ariescha
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.24528

Abstract

Low birth weight (LBW) remains a significant public health concern in Indonesia, contributing to neonatal morbidity, mortality, and long-term developmental challenges. Although numerous studies have explored LBW, evidence on maternal risk factors in low-resource settings particularly within independent midwife practices remains scarce. This study examined the associations between maternal age, parity, antenatal care (ANC) visits, history of anemia, and gestational weight gain with LBW incidence in Deli Tua Sub-District, Deli Serdang Regency. A case-control design was employed from December 2024 to March 2025, involving 95 postpartum mothers (35 cases, 60 controls) selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires (Content Validity Index = 0.82; Cronbach's α = 0.85) and maternal health records, and analyzed using Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression (SPSS version 22). Multivariate analysis identified maternal age at risk (<25 or >35 years) as the sole significant predictor of LBW (OR = 6.69; 95% CI = 3.21-25.22; p = 0.006). Parity (OR = 2.76; p = 0.077), ANC visits (OR = 1.22; p = 0.797), history of anemia (OR = 0.57; p = 0.421), and gestational weight gain (OR = 1.20; p = 0.773) were not significantly associated with LBW. The model demonstrated acceptable fit (Hosmer Lemeshow p = 0.49; Nagelkerke R² = 0.29). Maternal age emerged as the most influential determinant of LBW in this population. These findings underscore the importance of targeted surveillance for high-risk age groups and the enhancement of promotive and preventive strategies including improved ANC service quality, nutritional counseling, and family engagement in maternal care to reduce LBW incidence in resource-limited settings. Keywords: Anemia, Antenatal Care, Gestational Weight Gain, Low Birth Weight, Maternal Age, Parity
Maternal Mortality in Cardiac Pregnancy: Ethical Conflicts in Patient Autonomy and Clinical Decision-Making Hanifan Nugraha; Muhammad Alamsyah Aziz; Dini Pusianawati
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.24293

Abstract

Maternal mortality remains a significant concern in pregnancies complicated by heart disease, especially when patient preferences diverge from evidence-based clinical recommendations. These situations present complex clinical and ethical challenges for healthcare providers. This case report illustrates the interplay between patient autonomy, clinical decision-making, and outcomes in high-risk cardiac pregnancy. A 34-year-old multiparous woman with known cardiomegaly and valvular heart disease presented at 37-38 weeks' gestation with worsening dyspnea, cardiac decompensation, and pulmonary hypertension. Despite medical advice recommending immediate delivery at a tertiary care center, she initially declined intervention. She later returned with severe preeclampsia and pulmonary hypertension. An emergency caesarean section was performed, but her condition deteriorated postoperatively, culminating in cardiac arrest and death. This case underscores the ethical tension between honoring patient autonomy, the right to make informed decisions, and the principle of beneficence, which obligates clinicians to act in the patient's best interest. Decision-making was shaped by educational background, limited health literacy, cultural norms, family influence, and potential mistrust of the healthcare system, all of which may compromise truly informed consent. Addressing these barriers requires clear, accessible, and culturally attuned communication to ensure patients comprehend the risks and benefits. Integrating structured shared decision-making and early ethics consultation can help resolve conflicts, align care with patient values, and safeguard maternal and fetal outcomes. Ethical management demands a careful balance between respecting autonomy and preventing harm, while advocating for systemic reforms that address the social determinants of maternal health. Timely multidisciplinary care, culturally sensitive counseling, and structured shared decision-making are essential to harmonize patient autonomy with life-saving interventions in high-risk cardiac pregnancies, thereby reducing preventable maternal mortality. Keyword: Ethical Dilemmas, Maternal Mortality, Cardiac Disease In Pregnancy.
Sexual Violence Prevention Education through Snakes and Ladders Game for Adolescents at Thamavitya Mulniti School Thailand Rapotan Hasibuan; Siti Kholijah; Putra Apriadi Siregar; Nuraisyah Wulandari Panjaitan; Arfan Mapa
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.22073

Abstract

Child sexual abuse is increasingly common in many countries and is a global concern. The Multi-disciplinary Teams (MDTs) reported 2,250 children recorded cases involving other forms of sexual violence such as molestation with a range of 561 boys and 1,689 girls. Child sexual abuse is still frequent and unresolved in Thailand. Sex education is essential for health promotion, and media plays an important role in promoting individual health status and prevention efforts. This study aims to educate the prevention of sexual violence through educational game media, namely snakes and ladders for adolescents to see the level of knowledge of adolescents regarding the prevention of sexual violence. This study is a quantitative study using a one group pretest posttest design, namely by conducting a pretest and posttest on 31 students at Thamavitya Mulniti School Thailand. Data on pre-test scores and post-test scores were analyzed using Paired Samples T-test with a 95% confidence level. Students' knowledge was obtained before education and snake and ladder games with an average score of 74.97 and students' knowledge after education and snake and ladder games with an average score of 83.16. The results of the study obtained P-Value 0.006≤0.05 means that at Alpha 5% there is a difference between the average knowledge of Pre-Test and Post-Test. There was an increase in student knowledge between before the intervention and after the intervention. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of sexual violence education with snakes and ladders on increasing adolescent knowledge.Keywords: Adolescent, sexual violence, snakes and ladders game
Association Between Age and Cholesterol, Blood Sugar, and Uric Acid Levels in Office Workers Darwis Darwis; Fikitri Marya Sari; Ade Sissca Villia; Ade Febryanti; Nehru Nugroho
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.24592

Abstract

Degenerative conditions related to cholesterol, blood sugar, and uric acid tend to increase with age and lifestyle changes, particularly among office workers in the productive age group. This study investigates the association between age and levels of cholesterol, blood sugar, and uric acid among employees of the Bengkulu Ministry of Health Polytechnic. A descriptive analytical design was employed using medical check-up data from 203 respondents. Data normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and correlations were analyzed using Pearson's method. The findings revealed significant correlations between age and total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, blood sugar, and uric acid levels, although most correlations were weak in strength. These results suggest that age contributes to elevated biochemical markers associated with degenerative diseases, highlighting the importance of routine health monitoring among office workers as a strategy for early prevention. Keywords: Cholesterol, blood sugar, uric acid, degenerative diseases, office workers
Community-Based Risk Factor Surveillance and Its Role in Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases in Padang: A Qualitative Study Abdiana Abdiana; Masrul Masrul; Hardisman Hardisman; Najirman Najirman; Rizanda Machmud; Firdawati Firdawati; Yantri Maputra; Musfardi Rustam
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.24873

Abstract

The rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is driven by risk factors such as smoking, physical inactivity, low consumption of fruits and vegetables, and alcohol use. Community-based surveillance of these risk factors is essential for NCD prevention; however, the availability and use of accurate data remain limited in many regions. Therefore, research is needed to enhance both the quality and utilization of surveillance data in NCD prevention efforts. This study aims to examine community-based risk factor surveillance activities and their role in preventing NCDs in Padang. A qualitative approach using a phenomenological method was employed. Research informants included individuals responsible for NCD programs at community health centers, health cadres, and members of the productive-age population in Padang in 2024. Informants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were primarily collected via in-depth interviews guided by a structured interview protocol. Interview transcripts were analyzed using an interactive analysis model, which included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification. Findings indicate that risk factor data collection at integrated health posts was conducted both manually and electronically, with data entered into the Ministry of Health's Asik application. Data processing and analysis were performed using the Asik application, with descriptive interpretations presented in tables and diagrams. Dissemination of risk factor information occurred through mini-workshops, although not all stakeholders were involved. Surveillance results were used to inform NCD prevention programs through counseling and community outreach. Overall, community-based risk factor surveillance data were collected manually and electronically via the Asik application, analyzed descriptively, and disseminated through workshops and follow-up activities supporting NCD prevention. The study highlights the need to improve the quality and use of community-based surveillance data, increase stakeholder engagement, evaluate intervention effectiveness, and assess the impact of surveillance applications on data processing and ongoing monitoring of NCD risk factors. Keyword: Surveillance, Risk Factors, Prevention, Non-Communicable Diseases.
The Influence of Short-Distance Sprint Training on Physical Condition and Speed Performance in Youth Volleyball Players Evi Saputri Romandoni; Agung Wahyudi; Yovhandra Ockta
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.24424

Abstract

Volleyball is a sport that requires high levels of speed and endurance, making targeted physical training essential for optimal performance. Sprint training over distances of 50 and 80 meters is one approach that can enhance both attributes. This study investigates the effects of 50-meter and 80-meter sprint training on the speed performance of volleyball players involved in extracurricular activities at MAN 2 Banjarnegara. A quantitative experimental design was employed, utilizing a Two-Group Pretest-Posttest framework. Participants were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: Group A (50-meter sprint training) and Group B (80-meter sprint training). Across 14 training sessions, including pretest and posttest assessments, data were collected using a 60-meter sprint test. Statistical analyses included normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk), homogeneity tests, and paired t-tests. Results demonstrated that both sprint training protocols significantly improved sprint performance. Group A exhibited a mean improvement of 0.35 seconds, while Group B showed a greater improvement of 0.77 seconds, with both outcomes achieving statistical significance (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that sprint training over both distances effectively enhances speed performance in volleyball playersThe study concludes that incorporating 50-meter and 80-meter sprint training into volleyball conditioning programs can positively impact players' physical speed. Coaches and trainers are encouraged to integrate these sprint protocols to improve essential skills such as spiking, passing, and blocking. For comprehensive development, sprint training should be complemented with agility drills and aerobic endurance exercises to meet the multifaceted physical demands of the sport. Keywords: Volleyball, Physical Fitness, Extracurricular, Sports Student, Athletes.
Work Stress and Its Association with Employee Performance: Evidence from the North Sumatra Provincial Health Office Sri Lestari Ramadhani Nasution; Puji Lestari; Ermi Girsang
Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health Vol 7, No 2 (2025): CONTAGION
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/contagion.v7i2.24530

Abstract

Work-related stress is a growing concern in public institutions, particularly in health departments where employees often face complex administrative tasks, urgent program execution, and public accountability pressures. This study aims to examine the relationship between work stress and employee performance at the Health Department of North Sumatra Province in 2025. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, the study involved 300 employees selected through total sampling. Data were collected via structured questionnaires measuring four dimensions of work stress-task demands, role demands, organizational structure, and organizational leadership-and their association with employee performance. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used for analysis. The results revealed that task demands, organizational structure, and leadership showed significant associations with performance, while role demands did not. In multivariate analysis, organizational leadership emerged as the most influential factor (Exp(B) = 2.470; 95% CI = 1.535-3.975), followed closely by organizational structure (Exp(B) = 2.345; 95% CI = 1.458-3.773). These findings indicate that employees who perceive strong leadership and well-defined organizational systems are significantly more likely to perform well. The results also suggest that unclear structures and rigid bureaucratic leadership styles may hinder performance. This study underscores the importance of organizational reforms that prioritize leadership development, structural clarity, and stress management strategies. It provides valuable empirical evidence for policymakers and health administrators to formulate targeted interventions that enhance employee well-being and institutional effectiveness in Indonesia's public health sector. Keywords: Work-Related Stress, Employee Performance, Organizational Leadership, Public Health Sector, Organizational Structure.

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