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Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material
Published by Universitas Proklamasi 45 Yogyakarta
ISSN : 25797433     EISSN : 25797433     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.30588/jeemm
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Control & Systems Engineering Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material is registered with ISSN 2579-7433 (online) on The Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). This journal is under publishment of the Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Proklamasi 45 Yogyakarta. It is a scientific journal focusing on Energy, Manufacturing, Material, Mechanical, and Software Simulation. It provides a publishing platform for scientists and academicians to share, publish, and discuss all aspects of the latest outstanding development in the field of Mechanical Engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 172 Documents
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Penerapan Kontrol Suhu PID pada Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Jarak (Ricinus Communis) dengan Katalis Koh (0,75%, 1% W/W) dan ZNO (0,7%, 0,8% W/W) Nikolaus Dharmawan Dharsono; Rifki Hermana; Slamet Supriyadi
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2626

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel derived from renewable sources, one of which is castor oil. In previous studies, the biodiesel production process at the laboratory scale was still carried out using manual heating with an electric stove. In addition, earlier research generally used only single type of catalyst, either KOH or ZnO. To overcome the limitations of manual temperature control, this study applies  temperature control system using  PID autotuning autonics controller to automate temperature reaction. This research apply  further modification by combining KOH  (0.75% w/w and 1% w/w) with ZnO  (0.7% w/w and 0.8% w/w) in the production of biodiesel from castor oil. The research aims to optimize biodiesel yield through the application of a PID-based temperature control system in the transesterification reaction using various catalyst combinations. The resulting biodiesel (B30) from the transesterification process is then tested directly on a diesel engine . The temperature control results using the autonics controller produced PID parameters of P = 4.3, I = 208 s, and D = 36 s. The temperature control system response shows  overshoot of 61 °C, rise time of 16 minutes,  settling time of 24 minutes, and  steady-state error of 0.6 °C. The PID temperature control can replaced manual control by providing a more stable temperature and eliminating reliance on manual adjustments. The highest biodiesel yield was obtained using a combination of 1% w/w KOH and 0.7% w/w ZnO catalysts reaching 91.25%. Interaction between KOH and ZnO tended to reduce yield, indicating that KOH is less suitable when used directly together with ZnO. The biodiesel consumption from the reaction is 270 ml/hour which is lower than that of biosolar at 300 ml/hour.
Uji Kinerja Prototipe Vacuum Dryer untuk Minyak Merah Kelapa Sawit Ellys Mei Sundari; Winda Apriani; Suhendra; Feby Nopriandy
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2654

Abstract

One of the main challenges in processing red palm oil (RPO) was maintaining the stability of active compounds during the drying process. Therefore, appropriate technology was needed to maintain the nutritional quality of red oil. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a laboratory-scale vacuum dryer specifically designed for drying red palm oil. Vacuum drying technology was chosen because it operates at low temperatures and low pressures, thereby minimizing thermal damage to sensitive compounds. Tests were conducted to determine the relationship between temperature changes RPO and the percentage of mass loss of the material against heating time. The heating time was varied to 30, 45, and 60 minutes. Based on the test results, heating time significantly affects the increase in temperature and the decrease in RPO mass. The rise in RPO temperature occurs most rapidly during the first 15 minutes; after that, the RPO temperature remains relatively stable. The results of the mass loss test showed a mass loss of 95.40% at 30 minutes, 94.20% at 45 minutes, and 94.00% at 60 minutes.
Analisis Pengaruh Sudut dan Kecepatan Putar Mata Pisau terhadap Kinerja Mesin Pencacah Pelepah Kelapa Sawit Budi Setiawan; Suhendra; Naza
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2658

Abstract

Oil palm was a leading oil-producing commodity used for both consumer and industrial purposes, while the waste in the form of oil palm fronds has potential as animal feed or compost. Utilizing this waste requires a shredding process to process it into these products. This study aims to determine the effect of blade angle and shaft rotational speed on the chipping results of oil palm fronds in an oil palm chipping machine. The parameters observed include machine chipping capacity, yield, and the percentage of good-sized chips. The study was conducted with three blade angle variations 15°, 25°, and 45° and three shaft rotation speeds 1,200–1,350 rpm, 1,400–1,550 rpm, and 1,600–1,750 rpm. Based on the test results, the chopper shaft rotational speed had a highly significant effect on chipping capacity, while the blade angle had a highly significant effect on both chipping capacity and the percentage of good-sized shreds. The highest chipping capacity was 45,55 kg/h, the highest chipping yield was 98.60%, and the highest percentage of good chip size was 97.88%.
Analisis Kekuatan Rangka Mesin Pemecah Cangkang Kemiri Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga Marianus Beatriks Djala Gili; Frederikus Mikael; Sebastianus Batik
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2669

Abstract

The increasing demand for candlenut commodities has driven the need for appropriate mechanization to improve post-harvest processing efficiency, particularly in shell breaking, which is still predominantly performed manually. This condition requires machine innovation that not only increases production capacity but also ensures the structural reliability of the machine frame as the main load-bearing component. This study aims to analyze the structural strength of a candlenut shell crushing machine frame using theoretical calculations and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) through SolidWorks software. The frame is made of AISI 1020 steel with dimensions of 1000 × 785 × 459 mm and a 40 × 40 × 2 mm hollow profile. Loading conditions are defined based on five main load distribution areas. Simulation results show a maximum stress of 12.44 MPa, displacement of 0.024 mm, and a safety factor of 28.25, while theoretical calculations yield 28.05 MPa stress, 1.17 mm displacement, and a safety factor of 12.53. Significant discrepancies arise due to simplifications in analytical assumptions, whereas FEA provides a more realistic structural representation. Nevertheless, both methods confirm that the frame operates within safe limits, although the high safety factor indicates potential overdesign, suggesting the need for structural optimization to improve material efficiency.
Tren Penelitian dan Kemajuan Teknologi pada Pelapisan HVOF untuk Komponen Mesin Pesawat Terbang (2020–2025): Tinjauan Sistematis dan Bibliometrik Novia Ramadhani
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2671

Abstract

High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel (HVOF) coating technology has become a key approach in surface engineering for aircraft-engine components operating under extreme thermal and mechanical conditions. This review maps global research developments, identifies advances in deposition technology, and reveals remaining gaps through a systematic and bibliometric review of 20 Scopus-indexed publications from 2020 to 2025. Using PRISMA-based screening and VOSviewer, the study analyzed publication trends, thematic clusters, and collaboration patterns. The results show a sharp publication increase in 2025 and indicate that 65% of the reviewed studies focused on High-Entropy Alloy and Medium-Entropy Alloy coatings. Major findings include a 40% increase in nano-hardness after post-deposition annealing, successful phase prediction using Scheil-CALPHAD simulation, and the growing role of HVAF as a complementary method with lower oxidation and higher coating density for selected applications. HVOF nevertheless remains the dominant process because of its mature industrial use, dense coatings, and strong adhesion. Future research should integrate computational modeling, real-service degradation studies, and artificial-intelligence-based optimization for aerospace coating design.
Planning Analysis and Efficiency Comparison of On-Grid, Off-Grid, and Hybrid Grid-Tied Rooftop Solar Power Systems for the Development of the Control Building of Perum Jasa Tirta 1/3, WS Brantas Division Nindia Nova Novena; Royb Fatkhur Rizal
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2676

Abstract

Perum Jasa Tirta I, WS Brantas Division in the Tulungagung working area, experiences unreliable electricity supply due to frequent outages, requiring an alternative solution through a rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system. This study aims to design and evaluate the performance and techno-economic feasibility of three configurations: On-Grid, Off-Grid, and Hybrid Grid-Tied systems. Based on the energy consumption analysis, the total demand is 233.5 kWh/day or 85,192.10 kWh/year. By considering system losses of 25% and an Equivalent Sun Hours (ESH) value of 4.5 hours/day, the required PV capacity is 69.18 kW, using 93 modules of 750 Wp. Simulation results using Homer Pro show that the On-Grid system generates 166,208 kWh/year, the off-grid system produces 123,361 kWh/year, and the hybrid grid-tied system generates 140,699 kWh/year. All systems are capable of meeting the load demand, with different levels of energy surplus. From a techno-economic perspective, the off-grid system provides the highest return with an NPV of IDR 11.2 billion and an IRR of 128%, but it is relatively overdesigned and highly dependent on batteries. The on-grid system offers lower investment costs but depends on the utility grid. Meanwhile, the hybrid system shows balanced performance and is considered the optimal solution.
Analisis Efektivitas Sistem Filtrasi Multi Media sebagai Komponen Infrastruktur Hijau dalam Peningkatan Kualitas Air Kolam Renang Trisno Fallo Fallo; Nurhadi; Faras Dessyana Nurullisa; Doni Anggara
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2682

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable urban water management has encouraged the integration of treatment technologies into green infrastructure systems. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a multi-media filtration system as a component of green infrastructure in improving swimming pool water quality based on physicochemical parameters. The filtration media consisted of silica sand, activated carbon, and zeolite arranged in a layered configuration. An experimental approach was applied by analyzing turbidity, pH, and iron (Fe) concentration before and after filtration. The results indicate that the system significantly reduced turbidity by up to 79.6% and iron concentration by approximately 80%, while stabilizing pH within acceptable standards. These findings demonstrate that multi-media filtration is not only effective as a water treatment method but also has strong potential to be integrated into green infrastructure frameworks. The system contributes to environmental sustainability by supporting water reuse and reducing pollution load. Therefore, this approach can be considered a viable solution for enhancing urban environmental quality through adaptive and low-cost technology.
Analisis Tegangan Output Alternator Pada Variasi Beban Listrik Engine Diesel 4V21 Euro 4 Ade Permana; Yusep Sukrawan; Ridwan Adam Muhamad Noor
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2683

Abstract

The stability of alternator output voltage is important for maintaining modern diesel vehicle electrical systems, because additional loads such as headlights, cabin cooling, and audio systems can increase current demand and affect charging voltage. This study aims to analyze alternator output voltage under variations of electrical load on a vehicle with a 4V21 Euro 4 diesel engine. A field experiment was conducted on a vehicle with a 24-volt electrical system and the engine operating at idle speed. Data were collected using a scanner under three load conditions: no load at 0 W, medium load at 150 W, and full load with a reference power of 1,110 W. Each condition was tested five times, with a data collection duration of 20 minutes per test, conducted once per day for five days. The main parameter observed was alternator output voltage, while engine RPM and coolant temperature were recorded as supporting data. The results showed that the average alternator output voltage was 28.3 V under no-load conditions, 27.8 V under medium-load conditions, and 27.7 V under full-load conditions. The total voltage drop from no load to full load was 0.6 V. Engine RPM remained at an average of 651 rpm, and coolant temperature remained at 83.1°C. These results indicate that increasing electrical load reduces alternator output voltage; however, the decrease was relatively small, and the lowest voltage still met the operating range of the 24-volt charging system, indicating that the charging system operated properly under the tested load variations.
Pengaruh Ventilated Frame terhadap Distribusi Temperatur dan Kinerja Panel Surya Rivan Muhfidin; Wartono; Sumpena; Diah Suwarti Widyastuti
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2684

Abstract

The increase in operating temperature is one of the main factors limiting solar panel performance because it reduces the power output and efficiency of photovoltaic systems. This study aims to analyze the effect of a ventilated frame on temperature distribution, power output, and solar panel efficiency. The research was conducted using an experimental approach with three configuration variations: no frame, conventional aluminium frame (solid frame), and ventilated aluminium frame (ventilated frame). The experiments were carried out for three days under clear weather conditions from 07:00 to 17:00. The measured parameters included solar irradiance, panel surface temperature, voltage, current, and output power. The results showed that panel temperature increased with increasing solar irradiance and reached its peak during midday. The ventilated frame produced a more uniform temperature distribution, reduced panel temperature by approximately 0.5–1.5°C, and improved power output by 1%–3% and efficiency by approximately 0.1%–0.2% compared to the conventional frame. In addition, the efficiency sensitivity to temperature was found to be in the range of 0.07–0.08%/°C, indicating that panel performance is strongly influenced by thermal conditions. These findings demonstrate that the ventilated frame has the potential to serve as an effective passive cooling solution for improving the thermal and electrical performance of solar panels without requiring additional energy and can be applied to existing photovoltaic systems with minimal structural modification.
Analisis Pengaruh Drop Tegangan Baterai terhadap Waktu Starting pada Engine 4N15 Mitsubishi Triton Ade Angraini Nasution; Yusep Sukrawan; Ridwan Adam Muhamad Noor
Jurnal Engine: Energi, Manufaktur, dan Material Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Proklamasi 45

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30588/jeemm.v10i1.2691

Abstract

Starting performance in diesel engines is influenced by the battery’s ability to maintain voltage when the starter motor draws a high initial current. Excessive voltage drop can reduce cranking capability and affect the initial combustion process. This study aimed to analyze the effect of battery voltage drop on starting time in a Mitsubishi Triton equipped with a 4N15 diesel engine. The research used a field experimental method conducted directly on a vehicle with a 12-volt electrical system. Data were collected using a battery tester, scanner, and stopwatch through five tests consisting of three tests under normal operating conditions at 71–75 °C, one test under cold-engine conditions at 29 °C, and one test under hot-engine conditions at 89 °C. The main parameters observed were battery voltage drop and starting time. The results showed that normal operating conditions produced an average voltage drop of 3.25 V with an average starting time of 2.06 s. Cold-engine conditions at 29 °C produced the highest voltage drop of 4.23 V, while hot-engine conditions at 89 °C produced the lowest voltage drop of 3.08 V. The findings indicate that starting performance is influenced by voltage drop, battery condition, internal resistance, and CCA value. This study concludes that starting system analysis should consider voltage drop, minimum voltage during starting, and battery condition to obtain a more accurate analysis of starting performance.

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