ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering
The ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering publishes papers on Chemical Engineering, specifically but not limited to the areas of thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, transport phenomena, process control, environment, energy, biotechnology, corrosion, separation science, powder technology, materials science, and chemical engineering education
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372 Documents
<![CDATA[2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline –loaded Electrospun Cellulose Acetate Fiber Mats and Their Release Characteristics ]]>
<![CDATA[Patcharaporn Thitiwongsawet]]>;
<![CDATA[Paweena Ouykul]]>;
<![CDATA[Akkarin Khaoroppan]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 2 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50088
<![CDATA[Mats of cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers containing 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline (DCNA) were successfully fabricated by electrospinning from the neat CA solution (17% w/v in 2:1 acetone/dimethylacetamide) containing DCNA in various amounts (i.e. 5-15 wt. % based on the weight of CA). The morphological appearance of both the neat and the DCNA-loaded electrospun CA fibers were smooth and the incorporation of DCNA in the neat CA solution did not affect the morphology of the resulting fibers. The average diameters of the neat and the DCNA-loaded electrospun CA fibers ranged between 241-320 nm. The integrity of the as-loaded DCNA in the DCNA-loaded CA fiber mats was intact as verified by the 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic method. The amount of water retention, the amount of weight loss, and release characteristics of the DCNA-loaded CA fiber mats and the DCNA-loaded as-cast films in distilled water at 30°C were studied. The release characteristics were investigated by the total immersion method. The DCNA-loaded CA fiber mats exhibited greater amount of water retention, weight loss, and DCNA released than the DCNA-loaded as-cast films.]]>
<![CDATA[γ-Alumina Doped Alginate Gel for Cell Immobilization in Fermentation Processes ]]>
<![CDATA[Jirawan Mongkolkajit]]>;
<![CDATA[Jiranan Pullsirisombat]]>;
<![CDATA[Seeroong Prichanont]]>;
<![CDATA[Veerapat Tantayakom]]>;
<![CDATA[Phatthanon Prasitchoke]]>;
<![CDATA[Muenduen Phisalaphong]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50089
<![CDATA[γ-Alumina (γ-Al2O3) doped alginate gel (AEC) was developed as a cell carrier in fermentation processes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae M.30 for ethanol production and Clostridium butyricum DSM 5431 for 1,3-propanediol production. In a single batch system of ethanol fermentation, the final ethanol concentration of suspended cell (SC), immobilized cell on γ-Al2O3 (AC) and AEC cultures were 82.4, 77.1 and 74.6 g/l, respectively. In 4-cycle repeated batch fermentation, the AEC culture demonstrated a good potential of reusability. Its ethanol production and conversion yield of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd repeated batch were comparable to those of the SC and AC cultures with the immobilization yield of 86%. AEC was also found to be effective for the cell immobilization of C. butyricum with the immobilization yield of 83%. However, the strong inhibition effect of cell-γ-Al2O3 immobilization towards 1,3-propanediol production was observed. Moreover, 1, 3-propanediol fermentation stability in the SC, AC and AEC systems tended to be lowered during the repeated batch fermentation. Interfering of positive charge of γ-Al2O3 on the cell membrane was thought to be the cause of the inactivity of C. butyricum DSM 5431 in 1,3-propanediol production.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Coal Fly Ash Crystallinity toward Methyl Violet Adsorption Capacity ]]>
<![CDATA[Widi Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[I Made Bendiyasa]]>;
<![CDATA[Endang Tri Wahyuni]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Prasetya]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50090
<![CDATA[Coal fly ash (CFA) generated by coal-based thermal power plants is mainly composed of some oxides having high crystallinity, like quartz and mullite. In this study, the effect of CFA crystallinity toward methyl violet (MV) adsorption capacity was investigated. To decrease crystallinity of CFA, the solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) of 1-7 M was used to treat CFA at various temperatures and reflux time. Then, to evaluate the effect of NaOH-treated CFA with respect to adsorption capacity, the original and NaOH-treated CFA were tested its MV adsorption capacity in batch experiments. Original or NaOH-treated CFA was contacted with 50 mL of MV solution at temperature of 26oC. The effects of contact time, pH of solution, adsorbent dose and initial concentration of dye on the adsorption of MV were investigated. The results show that CFA treated with low NaOH concentration (1-3 M), temperature of 60oC and 2 hours reflux time, the crystallinity of quartz and mullite decreases, but its capacity on MV adsorption increases from 34% to 97%. At higher NaOH concentration (>3M), in the range of studied reflux temperature and time, it is found that decreasing quartz and mullite crytallinity are followed by a hydroxysodalite formation which causes the decreasing of MV adsorption from 97% to 83%. The highest adsorption capacity of NaOH-treated CFA was found 1.24 x 10-5 mol g-1. Adsorption kinetics of MV onto NaOH-treated CFA could be approximated with a pseudo second order kinetic model with the rate constant was 3.2 x 103 g mol-1 min-1.]]>
<![CDATA[NOx Enriched Flue Gas Fixation for Biomass Production of Chlorella Vulgaris Buitenzorg ]]>
<![CDATA[Dianursanti Dianursanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohammad Nasikin]]>;
<![CDATA[Anondho Wijanarko]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50091
<![CDATA[Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris Buitenzorg in a pilot scale of bubble column photo bioreactor using simulated NOx enriched flue gas concluded that presence of N2O as simulated NOx pollution (0.02%) in blowing bubbled air and CO2 is not so significant, compare to control experiment that was designed by absence of N2O (around 20% decreased). Meanwhile, presence of N2O tends a less significantly decreasing of μ - specific growth rate and qCO2 – specific CO2 transferred rate. It is around 30% decreased in both of μ and qCO2. Then, cultivation by presence of NOx in blowing simulated flue gas could drastically decreased intracellular carotene and lipid content and become increase to level near to both of pigment and lipid content in control experiment. Furthermore, cultivation by presence of NOx in blowing simulated flue gas also could drastically exchange intracellular fatty acid content and it become dominated by 16:0 species. Finally, refreshing cellular growth product with re-cultivation by blowing fresh air, could be restored the fatty acid content nearly to beginning microbial fatty acid content. It was happened cause of converting hexadecanoate species to octadecanoate species and it was shown that oleate (18:1) was dominating species.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Fiber Loading on the Mechanical Strength of NFR Hybrid Composites ]]>
<![CDATA[Terence Tumolva]]>;
<![CDATA[Masatoshi Kubouchi]]>;
<![CDATA[Saiko Aoki]]>;
<![CDATA[Tetsuya Sakai]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50092
<![CDATA[Ortho-type UP resin is reinforced with long abaca and short bagasse fibers to produce a novel type of natural fiber-reinforced (NFR) hybrid composite material that is environment-friendly, has a long service life, possesses the properties of both long and short FRP’s, and has also acquired the advantages of utilizing two different types of natural fiber reinforcements. The abaca and bagasse fibers are treated in 5wt% NaOH(aq) solution at 80°C for 9 hours and pressed into continuous, unidirectional fiber sheets and random fiber mats, respectively. The fibers are then incorporated into the resin matrix by hand lay-up method, producing FRP laminates with the same uniform thickness but subjected to varying fiber loading conditions: (1) the stacking of long fiber sheets are done in cross-ply and parallel orientation; (2) the abaca and bagasse fibers are stacked in different alternating sequence patterns, and (3) the fibers are added into the ortho-UP matrix at increasing fiber fraction. The alkali-treated FRP laminates show an increase in fiber-matrix interfacial adhesion as compared to the untreated FRP’s, based on the overall improvement in the composite mechanical strength, as well as from the lesser visible fiber pull-out observed from SEM images on their fracture surfaces. Also, as expected, the tensile and flexural strengths of the abaca/bagasse hybrid FRP measures intermediate to those of abaca and bagasse FRP’s. The strength has also improved with increasing fiber content, although this increase has also caused an increased occurrence of void spaces that may consequently become detrimental to the NFR composite’s performance.]]>
<![CDATA[Modeling and Simulation of a Separate Line Calciner Fueled with a Mixture of Coal and Rice Husk ]]>
<![CDATA[Sunu Herwi Pranolo]]>;
<![CDATA[Yazid Bindar]]>;
<![CDATA[Dwiwahju Sasongko]]>;
<![CDATA[Herri Susanto]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50093
<![CDATA[A model has been made to predict performance of a calciner in a cement plant for the use of rice husk as partial substitution of coal. The calciner was assumed as a plug flow reactor with no-mass and heat transfer limitations. The model was composed of three equations of calcination, coal and rice husk combustions with kinetic parameters obtained from literature. Two of 20 sets of operation data were used as base-lines for simulations, namely: Case-A from operation at a capacity of 532 ton h-1 of kiln feed (KF) with coal as a fuel; and Case-B at 530 ton h-1 with 20% rice husk in a mixed fuel. Two simulations were executed at constant total fuel mass flow-rate (21.94 ton h-1 of Case-A and 27.39 ton h-1 of Case-B) and at constant total energy supplied (0.946 and 1.188 GJ ton-1 KF for Case-A and Case-B respectively). Our simulation showed that a target CaCO3 conversion could be obtained using mixed fuel with maintaining constant total energy supplied instead of constant total fuel mass flow-rate. In Case-A as base-line, the use of mixed fuel with 20% rice husk with maintaining constant supplied energy would give a coal saving of 11.8%. This operation however would require an increase in specific fuel consumption from 0.0412 to 0.0455 ton ton-1 of KF. In Case-B as base-line, the CaCO3 conversion of 95% could be obtained with a mixed fuel with rice husk mass fraction up to 40%.]]>
<![CDATA[Treatment of Wastewater Containing Wood Waste Pyroligneous Acid Preservative by Activated Carbon in Rubberwood Manufacturing Process ]]>
<![CDATA[Rizafizah Othaman]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Susilo]]>;
<![CDATA[Hiroaki Habaki]]>;
<![CDATA[Ryuichi Egashira]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 9, No 2 (2009) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50100
<![CDATA[In this paper, the feasibility of using the products from thermal treatment of rubberwood waste, i.e., pyroligneous acid as preservative and activated carbon as adsorbent to treat the wastewater containing the preservative was studied. Firstly, the sawdust was thermally treated under various conditions to produce the pyroligneous acid and the activated carbon. Atmosphere and treatment temperature were a significant factor in determining the yield of the products. Secondly, the equilibrium adsorption runs were carried out with the model wastewater containing single, multi solutes, or the pyroligneous acid and with the activated carbon obtained under steam atmosphere. Phenolic compounds were adsorbed at the highest in single solute solutions, and lower in multi solutes solutions. Finally, the feasibility of this process improvement was discussed.]]>
<![CDATA[A Hybrid Approach to Reconstruct a Complete TBP Curve from Blended Gas Condensates ]]>
<![CDATA[M Shuhaimi]]>;
<![CDATA[M.R Naim]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 9, No 2 (2009) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50101
<![CDATA[Successful operations of a natural gas condensate fractionation unit requires the feed’s True Boiling Point (TBP) curve to be reconstructed and its’ bulk properties to be predicted. In this work, a hybrid approach combining the Generalised Distribution Model (GDM) and Pseudo-component Linear Equation (PcLE) methods are proposed. The proposed method is simple and requires limited information from readily available laboratory analysis data. The method was demonstrated using a refinery case study and found that the hybrid approach were able to reconstruct a pure component TBP curve from the blended feed data with error of less than 5%. Consequently the approach is very useful during preliminary stage for refinery engineers to explore and exploit the operational flexibility in a current distillation column to maximise the desired product yields.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Ca Ion Exchanged to the CO2 Adsorption on HZSM-5 Zeolites ]]>
<![CDATA[Sang Kompiang Wirawan]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 9, No 2 (2009) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50102
<![CDATA[The adsorption behavior of CO2 on HZSM-5 and CaZSM-5 zeolites was investigated by a step change response method. Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and in-situ fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were also performed to study the type of adsorbed species and their thermal stabilities. The adsorption experiments were carried out at temperatures from 323 to 473 K and CO2 partial pressures were below atmospheric pressure. The results indicated that CO2 was adsorbed on HZSM-5 by one type of adsorption, and on CaZSM-5 zeolites by at least two types of adsorption over the temperature range studied. One was a weak adsorption probably due to interaction with the framework of ZSM-5, and the other was a stronger adsorption caused by interactions with the Ca cations of ZSM-5. The adsorption behavior for HZSM-5 was adequately described by a single site Langmuir adsorption model but for CaZSM-5 a dual site Langmuir model was required. FTIR-spectra at various elevated desorption temperatures after adsorption of CO2 at low temperature revealed that CO2 was adsorbed on HZSM-5 and CaZSM-5 in several ways and formed carbonate bands, which seemed to be caused by different adsorption sites. The maximum temperatures at which carbonate species were observed were 573 K for HZSM-5 and 673 K for CaZSM-5. The TPD results indicated that the quantity of irreversibly adsorbed CO2 on HZSM-5 was undetectable.]]>
<![CDATA[Photolysis Reaction of Linear Alkhylbenzene Sulphonate in Saturated Soil: Kinetics Parameters Evaluation ]]>
<![CDATA[Edia Rahayuningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[I Made Bendiyasa]]>;
<![CDATA[B Radjagukguk]]>
<![CDATA[ ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 9, No 2 (2009) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/ajche.50103
<![CDATA[Fate of detergent of linear alkhylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) in the soil can be described if the values of kinetics parameters are known. The objectives of the study were to determine the kinetics parameters of photolysis reaction of LAS in saturated soil system, to identify variables affecting the parameters, and to set-up empirical equations correlating parameter to the pertinent variables. The experimental works were performed in batch reactor which was equipped with ultraviolet of 53 or 789 lumens. One hundred grams of soil was mixed with 1000 ml of water and then the mixture was left for 24 hour in the reactor. A certain amount of LAS was then added to the soil solution and stirrer was put on, so that the LAS concentration in the mixture became 20 ppm. Before the light put on, the soil solution was analyzed its biomass content using a plate count method and LAS concentration using Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS) method. Subsequently the slurry were stirred and lighted continuously. At a certain time interval, 5 cubic centimeters of solution was taken from the reactor then its biomass content and LAS concentration were analyzed. The variables studied were different soil type and the light intensity. When effects of one variable studied, the other variables were kept constant.Photolysis reaction of LAS in saturated soil took place both in soil solution and particle. The kinetics parameters are the function of soil organic matter (%OM) and clay mineral (%CM) content, as well as light intensity. The photolysis reaction rate constants of LAS in soil solution and particle for light intensity of 53 lumens are described as follows:kPS = 3.79 x 10 -4 (%OM) + 4.41 x 10 -3 (%CM) kPL = 7.73 x 10 -3 (%OM) + 1.18 x 10 -3 (%CM) For the light intensity of 789 lumens, the kinetics parameters are kPS = 16.3 x 10 -4 (%OM) + 0.075 x 10 -3 (%CM) 30 Photolysis Reaction of Linear Alkhylbenzene Sulphonate in Saturated Soil: Kinetics Parameters Evaluation kPL = 49.3 x 10 -3 (%OM) + 1.46 x 10 -3 (%CM) kd = 8.06 x 10 -4 (%OM) + 7.39 x 10 -5 (%CM)]]>
